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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Our ancestors destroyed moot of our natural areas before anyone had a chance to study or to try to understand them. As a result, we have lost the opportunity to learn about this areas and the benefits and opportunities they might have yielded. Today our remaining natural areas serve important roles in the study of ecology, botany, zoology, geology, and soil science. They provide controls for comparison against managed or exploited resources. They also provide educational and cultural information important in the study of science, local history, conservation, and nature studies such as bird-watching, insect study, and tree identification. Preservation of natural areas also provides many practical benefits. For example, natural areas contain the biological raw materials necessary for the development of products that could greatly benefit the health and well-being of a man. A new wonder drug or fine industrial product may exist now only in some inconspicuous organism harboured in a nature preserve. Up to approximately half of the drugs currently in use contain derivatives of wild plants, yet only a small percentage of all plants have been investigated for their potential in such uses. The need to protect the remaining 98 percent of natural areas until they can be researched is obvious. From a genealogical standpoint, we have roots linking us to our ancestors. With so many of our natural areas now gone, those that remain are a vital link to the past. They can help us and future generations better understand the landscape and natural resources from which the pioneers molded their lives. Certainly, one of the most important benefits to be derived from natural areas is the perceptiverecreational benefit they provide. This is evidenced by the increasing numbers of people turning to the nature preserve in order to escape briefly from the hustle-bustle of fast-paced society. The quiet environment of nature calms the monotony in our daily lives whether from skyscrapers and pavement or unbroken horizons of corn and beans. Healthy natural areas can offer substantial economic benefits to our communities as well. Wetlands, for example, help with flood protection and the removal of pollutants from our water supply. The organizational pattern of passage is .... (A) listing order. (B) time order. (C) classification. (D) cause-effect. (E) comparison-contrast.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

In today's economy vocational jobs are becoming more and more important. This is why vocational education programs are popular. Vocational education training provides career and technical education to interested students. These students are prepared as trainees for jobs; jobs that are based upon manual or practical fields or jobs that are related to specific trades, occupations, and vocations. Instructors teach students the knowledge required for their field. Community colleges have long been offering vocational education. These colleges around the country provide certificates in various vocational fields. They also offer certain degree programs that focus on some popular occupations. The vocational field expands each year to include new fields. The training for vocational jobs requires less education than four year degree programs. They are also much less expensive. Instructors at this level of education use traditional methods of teaching. They use lesson plans, teacher resources, worksheets, an other tools in this process. One difference to other education programs is the on-the-job training component. Many students will have he opportunity to work in their field while being educated. Some will be accepted into valuable apprenticeship programs. Some of the jobs in vocational fields include construction, workers, blacksmiths, and steel workers. Today, there are other great choices of vocational jobs. These include retail, tourism, and cosmetology. Also, there are some portions of the information technology field taught. This allows students to decide from a variety of career choices. The retail field is one of those growing career opportunities. Workers can start as trainees and then reach management position. Most retail companies have their own training programs for specific jobs. These make retail even more welcoming to new employees. Tourism is also a great field to consider in the vocational field. This area includes planning trips to being a tour guide. (Adapted from: http://www.teachnology.com/teachers/ vocational_ed/) The word "manual" in paragraph 1 means .... (A) hand-operated (B) customary (C) doable (D) habitual (E) concrete

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} The phrase 'large capacity as water storage' in paragraph 2 can be replaced by .. . A. Power to withstand heavy water currents B. Capacity to keep water flowing stable C. High quality and quantity of water D. Potential to make large water storage E. Ability to deposit a large amount of water.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

It has been said that people can be judged by the company they keep. New research from Michigan State University (MSU) shows that what is true for the living is also true for the dead. The study, published in the current issue of Nature Scientific Reports, shows that postmortem microbiome-population of micro-organisms that move in after death- can provide crucial insights into the public health. Regardless of many factors-sex, ethnicity, or even type of death-the microbiome is consistent and distinct, depending on the number of days after death. Based on the growing number of partnerships between MSU forensic entomologists and medical examiners, the police and medical communities are beginning to see the value this research can provide. A case in point is the interdisciplinary research happening between MSU and the Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office. The partnership initially began to better understand the bugs and microbes present and what they can tell investigators about the recently deceased. Just as the TV show says, the first 48 hours of an investigation are *critical*. The organisms found on a body can help estimate the time of death. According to Eric Benbow, MSU forensic entomologist and microbial ecologist and study co-author, the microbial stopwatch, as it has recently been called, is a telling timepiece that can assist us in determining when someone died. It is comparable to a town with a changing population: a company starts up, and an entire new population moves in. In death, that microbial population is different after two days, and it completely turns over again a few days later. MSU's kits and the collection protocol are now being regularly used in death investigations. One note-worthy case involves a mother who stored her two dead children in a freezer. The microbial data were the first used to understand how the postmortem microbiome changes in unusual circumstances of death and concealment, in this case when bodies were frozen. The ever-growing dataset is painting a picture of the public health- of the living- including many populations that are underserved and understudied by the medical community. For the first time, Michigan State University is demonstrating that sampling the postmortem micro-biome may have public health surveillance importance like monitoring the diversity and frequency of antibiotic resistant genes from the general population. Additionally, the victim may have died of a drug overdose, but the research also *revealed* that the microbes can show that the person suffered from a heart disease. According to the study's lead author Jennifer Pecha!, during the first 48 hours the samples that had been gathered from a predominantly industrial urban population confirmed that microbial biodiversity is a predictor of the host's health conditions, such as heart disease, when they were living. The researchers have demonstrate that this microbiome could be an effective tool for assessing the health of living populations. The world "revealed" in paragraph five is closest in meaning to ... . (A) exposed (B) disclosed (()showed (D) publicized (E) discovered

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:55

It has been said that people can be judged by the company they keep. New research from Michigan State University (MSU) shows that what is true for the living is also true for the dead. The study, published in the current issue of Nature Scientific Reports, shows that postmortem microbiome-population of micro-organisms that move in after death- can provide crucial insights into the public health. Regardless of many factors-sex, ethnicity, or even type of death-the microbiome is consistent and distinct, depending on the number of days after death. Based on the growing number of partnerships between MSU forensic entomologists and medical examiners, the police and medical communities are beginning to see the value this research can provide. A case in point is the interdisciplinary research happening between MSU and the Wayne County Medical Examiner's Office. The partnership initially began to better understand the bugs and microbes present and what they can tell investigators about the recently deceased. Just as the TV show says, the first 48 hours of an investigation are *critical*. The organisms found on a body can help estimate the time of death. According to Eric Benbow, MSU forensic entomologist and microbial ecologist and study co-author, the microbial stopwatch, as it has recently been called, is a telling timepiece that can assist us in determining when someone died. It is comparable to a town with a changing population: a company starts up, and an entire new population moves in. In death, that microbial population is different after two days, and it completely turns over again a few days later. MSU's kits and the collection protocol are now being regularly used in death investigations. One note-worthy case involves a mother who stored her two dead children in a freezer. The microbial data were the first used to understand how the postmortem microbiome changes in unusual circumstances of death and concealment, in this case when bodies were frozen. The ever-growing dataset is painting a picture of the public health- of the living- including many populations that are underserved and understudied by the medical community. For the first time, Michigan State University is demonstrating that sampling the postmortem micro-biome may have public health surveillance importance like monitoring the diversity and frequency of antibiotic resistant genes from the general population. Additionally, the victim may have died of a drug overdose, but the research also *revealed* that the microbes can show that the person suffered from a heart disease. According to the study's lead author Jennifer Pecha!, during the first 48 hours the samples that had been gathered from a predominantly industrial urban population confirmed that microbial biodiversity is a predictor of the host's health conditions, such as heart disease, when they were living. The researchers have demonstrate that this microbiome could be an effective tool for assessing the health of living populations. The word "critical" in paragraph two could best be replaced by which of the following? (A) supportive (B) unimportant (C) worrying (D) crucial (E) beneficial

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Prisoners of war are traditionally members of the armed forces of a belligerent who have been captured by an enemy. In modern warfare the term also includes members of partisan, or guerilla, groups that operate according to the rules of war, civilian contract supply and labor personnel, war correspondents, and crews of merchant vessels. The *cardinal* rule regarding prisoners of war and also interned civilians is that they be treated humanely. In the passion of war this rule is usually violated. The degree of violation varies according to the particular circumstances and the *inhibitions* imposed by behavior. In ancient times prisoners of war were killed or sold into slavery. The medieval period brought a stress on ransom, and early modern time's exchange. The practice of exchange lasted until the American Civil War, but was finally stopped by the North in an effort to drain South of manpower. Prisoners of war in the 20th century have usually had to escape in order to regain their freedom before the end of the conflict. Conventions to draw up rules for the treatment of prisoners of war, especially with the respect to food, housing, and conditions of work, were held in Brussels in 1874, atThe Hague in 1899 and 1907, and at Geneva in 1949. 1n the Korean War the Chinese Communists used prisoners, especially Americans, for propaganda purposes after subjecting them to brainwashing. The result, in the United Staes, was the 1955 Prisoner of War Code, which spelled out the responsibilities of captured American servicemen. The word "cardinal" is closest in meaning to .... A. Minor B. Basic C. Absolute D. Trivial E. Moderate

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Prisoners of war are traditionally members of the armed forces of a belligerent who have been captured by an enemy. In modern warfare the term also includes members of partisan, or guerilla, groups that operate according to the rules of war, civilian contract supply and labor personnel, war correspondents, and crews of merchant vessels. The *cardinal* rule regarding prisoners of war and also interned civilians is that they be treated humanely. In the passion of war this rule is usually violated. The degree of violation varies according to the particular circumstances and the *inhibitions* imposed by behavior. In ancient times prisoners of war were killed or sold into slavery. The medieval period brought a stress on ransom, and early modern time's exchange. The practice of exchange lasted until the American Civil War, but was finally stopped by the North in an effort to drain South of manpower. Prisoners of war in the 20th century have usually had to escape in order to regain their freedom before the end of the conflict. Conventions to draw up rules for the treatment of prisoners of war, especially with the respect to food, housing, and conditions of work, were held in Brussels in 1874, atThe Hague in 1899 and 1907, and at Geneva in 1949. 1n the Korean War the Chinese Communists used prisoners, especially Americans, for propaganda purposes after subjecting them to brainwashing. The result, in the United Staes, was the 1955 Prisoner of War Code, which spelled out the responsibilities of captured American servicemen. The word "inhibition" is closest in meaning to .... A. Attainment B. Refrainment C. Treatment D. Payment E. Exhibition

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Using a simple membrane extract from spinach leaves, researchers from the Technion Israel Institute of Technology have developed bio-photo-electro-chemical (BPEC) cell that produces electricity and hydrogen from water using sunlight. The raw material of the device is water and its products are electric current, hydrogen, and oxygen. The unique combination of a human-made BPEC cell and plant membranes, which absorb sunlight and convert it into a flow of electrons highly efficiently, paves the way for the development of new technologies for the creation of clean fuels from renewable sources: water and solar energy. The BPEC cell developed by the researchers is based on the naturally occurring process of photosynthesis in plants, in which light drives electrons that produce storable chemical energetic molecules that are the fuels of all cells in the animal and plant worlds. In order to utilize photosynthesis for producing electric current, the researchers added an iron-basedcompound to the solution. It mediates the transfer of electrons from the biological membranes to the electrical circuit, enabling the creation of an electric current in the cell. The electrical current can also be channeled to form hydrogen gas through the addition of electric power from a small photovoltaic cell that absorbs the excess light. This makes possible the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy that is stored as hydrogen gas formed inside the BPEC cell. This energy can be converted when necessary into heat and electricity by burning the hydrogen, in the same way hydrocarbon fuels are used. However, unlike the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, which emit greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) into the atmosphere and pollute the environment, the product of hydrogen combustion is clean water. Therefore, this is a closed cycle that begins with water and ends with water, allowing the conversion and Storage of solar energy in hydrogen gas, which could be a clean and sustainable substitute for hydrocarbon fuel. "The study is unique in that it combines leading experts from three different faculties, namely three disciplines: biology, chemistry and materials engineering;' said Prof. Rothschild. "The combination of natural (leaves) and *artificial* (photovoltaic cell and electronic components), and the need to make these components communicate with each other, are complex engineering challenges that required us to join forces.' Taken from https://www.sciencedaily.com/ re/ease/20 16/09/160922085743.htm The word "artificial" in paragraph 7 is best replaced by .... (A) superficial (B) man-made (C) strange (D) foreign (E) ordinary

131

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Using a simple membrane extract from spinach leaves, researchers from the Technion Israel Institute of Technology have developed bio-photo-electro-chemical (BPEC) cell that produces electricity and hydrogen from water using sunlight. The raw material of the device is water and its products are electric current, hydrogen, and oxygen. The unique combination of a human-made BPEC cell and plant membranes, which absorb sunlight and convert it into a flow of electrons highly efficiently, paves the way for the development of new technologies for the creation of clean fuels from renewable sources: water and solar energy. The BPEC cell developed by the researchers is based on the naturally occurring process of photosynthesis in plants, in which light drives electrons that produce storable chemical energetic molecules that are the fuels of all cells in the animal and plant worlds. In order to utilize photosynthesis for producing electric current, the researchers added an iron-basedcompound to the solution. It mediates the transfer of electrons from the biological membranes to the electrical circuit, enabling the creation of an electric current in the cell. The electrical current can also be channeled to form hydrogen gas through the addition of electric power from a small photovoltaic cell that absorbs the excess light. This makes possible the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy that is stored as hydrogen gas formed inside the BPEC cell. This energy can be converted when necessary into heat and electricity by burning the hydrogen, in the same way hydrocarbon fuels are used. However, unlike the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, which emit greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) into the atmosphere and pollute the environment, the product of hydrogen combustion is clean water. Therefore, this is a closed cycle that begins with water and ends with water, allowing the conversion and Storage of solar energy in hydrogen gas, which could be a clean and sustainable substitute for hydrocarbon fuel. "The study is unique in that it combines leading experts from three different faculties, namely three disciplines: biology, chemistry and materials engineering;' said Prof. Rothschild. "The combination of natural (leaves) and artificial (photovoltaic cell and electronic components), and the need to make these components communicate with each other, are complex engineering challenges that required us to join forces.' Taken from https://www.sciencedaily.com/ re/ease/20 16/09/160922085743.htm The word "convert" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .... (A) exchange (B) transform (C) translate (D) remove (E) replace

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Education includes both the teaching and learning of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. It thus focuses on the cultivation of skills, trades or professions, as well as mental, moral, and aesthetic development. Formal education consists of systematic instruction, teaching, and training by professional teachers. This consists of the application of pedagogy and the development of curricula. Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. A curriculum defines what students should know, understand, and be able to do as the result of education. A teaching profession delivers teaching which enables learning, and a system of policies, regulations, examinations, structures, and funding enables teachers to teach to the best of their abilities. Sometimes educational systems can be used to promote doctrines or ideals as well as knowledge, which is known as social engineering. This can lead to political abuse of the system, particularly in totalitarian states and governments. Primary (or elementary) education consists of the first years of formal, structured education. In general, primary education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies between, and sometimes within, countries. Globally, around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education and this proportion is rising. In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education consists of the second years of formal education that occur during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory, comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, or "higher" education (e.g., university, vocational school) for adults. (Adapted from: http:/www. myengfishpages. comlsite_php _fifes/ reading_ education.php) Based on the passage, the word "conduct" in line 1 means .... (A) manner (B) model (C) control (D) principle (E) management

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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