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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Education includes both the teaching and learning of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. It thus focuses on the cultivation of skills, trades or professions, as well as mental, moral, and aesthetic development. Formal education consists of systematic instruction, teaching, and training by professional teachers. This consists of the application of pedagogy and the development of curricula. Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. A curriculum defines what students should know, understand, and be able to do as the result of education. A teaching profession delivers teaching which enables learning, and a system of policies, regulations, examinations, structures, and funding enables teachers to teach to the best of their abilities. Sometimes educational systems can be used to promote doctrines or ideals as well as knowledge, which is known as social engineering. This can lead to political abuse of the system, particularly in totalitarian states and governments. Primary (or elementary) education consists of the first years of formal, structured education. In general, primary education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies between, and sometimes within, countries. Globally, around 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education and this proportion is rising. In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education consists of the second years of formal education that occur during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory, comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, or "higher" education (e.g., university, vocational school) for adults. (Adapted from: http:/www. myengfishpages. comlsite_php _fifes/ reading_ education.php) Based on the passage, the word "conduct" in line 1 means .... (A) manner (B) model (C) control (D) principle (E) management

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:55

Uranus, the first planet discovered in modern times, was named after the Greek deity, the earliest supreme God. It was discovered by William Herschel while systematically searching the sky with his telescope on March 13, 1781. It had actually been seen many times before but ignored as simply another star. The earliest recorded sighting was in 1690 when John Flamsted classified it as 34 Tauri. Herschel named it "the Georgium Sidus" (the Georgian Planet) to honor his patron King George Ill of England. Others called it "Herschel': The name "Uranus"was first recommended by Bode, but it was not commonly used until1850. Uranus has been visited by only one spacecraft, Voyager 2 on Jan 24, 1986. Most of the planets spin on an axis nearly perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic, but Uranus' axis is almost parallel to the ecliptic. At the time of Voyager 2's passage, Uranus' south pole was pointed almost directly at the Sun, so Uranus' polar regions receive more energy input from the Sun than do its equatorial regions. Uranus is nevertheless hotter at its equator than at its poles. The mechanism underlying this is unknown. Actually, there's an ongoing battle over which of Uranus' poles is its north pole. Either its axial inclination is a bit over 90 degrees and its rotation is direct, or it's a bit less than 90 degrees and the rotation is retrograde. The problem is that you need to draw a dividing line somewhere because in a case like Venus, there is little dispute that the rotation is indeed retrograde (not a direct rotation with an inclination of nearly 180). The tone of the author is best described as .... (A) seriuos (B) amused (C) objective (D) admiring (E) optimistic

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:54

Strategic flooding is a highly risky tactic. It can only be successful if there's a well thought-out backup plan and a plan for fast repairs. Flood can result in loss of life and damage homes and businesses, and when the water remains inland for a long time, it can change the landscape through erosion and deposition, forming new tidal channels and creeks. During the Eighty Years War, as the Spanish army fought to recapture territory in what is now northern Belgium and southwestern Netherland in the late sixteenth century, the Dutch rebels led by William of Orange decided to use the low-lying, flood-prone landscape to their advantage. In an attempt to liberate Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp from Spanish dominance and defend their territory, the rebels destroyed seawalls at strategic places from 1584 to 1586 to cause deliberate, large-scale floods. The area flooded during the Eighty Years War became part of strategic line of defense and remained inundated for more than 100 years in some places, with profound consequences for the landscape. The plan got completely out of hand, and it came at the expense ofthe countryside of northtern Landers, now Zeeland Flanders. After water receded, a thick layer of clay covered all remnants of buildings and roads in the area. As sea water was used, soil salinity increased, affecting agricaltural yields, being as damaging as floods caused by heavy rainfall or storm surges. The tone of the author is best described as ... . A. Sympathetic B. Disastrous C. Objective D. Nostalgic E. Upset

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:54

There are numerous consequences due to illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector. Revenues lost by governments caused by illegal logging results in decrease of their ability to invest in the forestry sector. This has an effect on poverty levels, primarily because of the revenue lost by governments. As a result, this reduces their financial capability as well as the programs that could be implemented to help the poor. Moreover, poor people are not in a position to influence political bodies. This keeps them from accessing the forest resource. Finally, the resource's low cost contributes to an increase in waste and provides very little incentive to buy timber harvested from forests managed in a sustainable manner. Inadequate forest law enforcement and governance in other countries can also threaten sustainable forest management. As for the direct negative consequences of illegal logging on the wood products industry, their effect is to simultaneously increase harvesting and increase the availability of timber, thus lowering the price for producers. The price decrease suffered by producers can lead to unfair competition, thus reducing the profitability of legal companies. Illegal logging is a disincentive to sustainable forest management. The illegal timber trade threatens not only the viability of legal trade, but also its reputation. Despite the negative impacts, some stakeholders might benefit from illegal forest activities, such as consumers who could benefit from lower prices and national industries that could increase their competiveness by having access to lower timber prices. Several initiatives have emerged to combat illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector. Among them, it is important to mention the policy statements issued by wood producers' associations, government initiatives which range from procurement policies to the signature of memoranda of understanding between countries, and the procurement policies of major do-it-yourself centers. Other more practical solutions are being put forward to reduce illegal logging and trade. Some of those solutions relate more to timber trade. There is no doubt that forest certification is seen, for some, as a tool, among many others, that enables control over the illegal wood trade, especially when it comes to the chain of custody. Also, there are other methods presently used or put forward to help combat illegal logging and illegal trade. They include log tracking systems, legality license-based verification systems such as labeling, private and public procurement policies, international cooperation and coordination on trade statistics, information exchange on illegal logging and illegal trade, and study of possible trade-relate measures. Adapted from UNECE What is the author' attitude towards illegal logging? A. Concerned B. Pessimistic C. Optimistic D. Neutral E. Critical

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:54

There are numerous consequences due to illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector. Revenues lost by governments caused by illegal logging results in decrease of their ability to invest in the forestry sector. This has an effect on poverty levels, primarily because of the revenue lost by governments. As a result, this reduces their financial capability as well as the programs that could be implemented to help the poor. Moreover, poor people are not in a position to influence political bodies. This keeps them from accessing the forest resource. Finally, the resource's low cost contributes to an increase in waste and provides very little incentive to buy timber harvested from forests managed in a sustainable manner. Inadequate forest law enforcement and governance in other countries can also threaten sustainable forest management. As for the direct negative consequences of illegal logging on the wood products industry, their effect is to simultaneously increase harvesting and increase the availability of timber, thus lowering the price for producers. The price decrease suffered by producers can lead to unfair competition, thus reducing the profitability of legal companies. Illegal logging is a disincentive to sustainable forest management. The illegal timber trade threatens not only the viability of legal trade, but also its reputation. Despite the negative impacts, some stakeholders might benefit from illegal forest activities, such as consumers who could benefit from lower prices and national industries that could increase their competiveness by having access to lower timber prices. Several initiatives have emerged to combat illegal logging and illegal activities in the forestry sector. Among them, it is important to mention the policy statements issued by wood producers' associations, government initiatives which range from procurement policies to the signature of memoranda of understanding between countries, and the procurement policies of major do-it-yourself centers. Other more practical solutions are being put forward to reduce illegal logging and trade. Some of those solutions relate more to timber trade. There is no doubt that forest certification is seen, for some, as a tool, among many others, that enables control over the illegal wood trade, especially when it comes to the chain of custody. Also, there are other methods presently used or put forward to help combat illegal logging and illegal trade. They include log tracking systems, legality license-based verification systems such as labeling, private and public procurement policies, international cooperation and coordination on trade statistics, information exchange on illegal logging and illegal trade, and study of possible trade-relate measures. Adapted from UNECE The author's bias regarding impacts of illegal logging is that .... A. It provides affordable timber for the poor B. Various disastrous impacts result from it C. It gives incentive for forest management D. Local industries increase their level of competitiveness E. International market are flooded by timber logged illegally

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:54

The explanation shows that life condition is becoming more and more uncondusive for good-quality life. Therefore, today more people than ever are looking for ways to improve their health, increase energy, reduce stress, restore or enhance functionality, relieve aches and pains, balance emotions, and sharpen mental focus. Because of the demands of modern life, most people want those ways to be relatively simple and not time consuming. If you still have not found something to fit your needs, you may want to consider Chinese healing exercises. Chinese healing exercises make up a branch of Chinese medicine. It is almost never taught as a separate system of healing. Rather, it is used in many practices you probably recognize. Some are part of the oldest of Chinese medical practices, including acupressure and tuina, a type of Chinese massage therapy. Others have their origins in ancient self-healing or spiritual practices, such as Chinese forms of yoga and meditation. They are routinely taught together with more detailed and complex practices, such as taiji (t'ai chi) qigong (chi gung), and other advanced medical, spiritual, or martial practices. They are intended to prepare a student for those more demanding disciplines. They are also conducted as adjunctive exercises that can make some aspects of the main practices easier to perform. Some sources are less well known in the west, like medical qigong and paidagong. They are tapping and patting techniques used to break up qi blockages. Qi is life force and is responsible for all healthy functionality, animation, vitality, emotional balance, and mental clarity. Chinese exercises have a unique positive impact on all those qualities. Chinese healing exercises can amplify the benefits from taiji or qigong if you already have such a practice. In that context, they will open targeted areas of physical or energetic restriction, deepen your sensitivity to qi sensations, and increase qi flow. They root you more securely, thereby improving your overall performance. (Adapted from: http:(/www.llewellyn.com/journal/article/2408) The author's attitude towards the topic in the passage is .. .. A. critical B. positive C. skeptical D. doubtful E. realistic

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:54

With a growing number of consumers demanding more Earth-friendly practices from the fashion world, scientists are developing new ways to produce textiles that could help meet rising expectations. They report in the ACS journal Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research one such method that can dramatically reduce the amount of energy it takes to bleach cotton while improving the quality of the popular material. These scientists point out that the cotton industry's current whitening techniques require bleaching the natural fiber at very high tempera-tures with hydrogen peroxide. Although this method results in the bright white material con-sumers have grown so fond of, it also lowers the quality of the material and takes a lot of energy to carry out. Multiply that by the 7.3 billion pounds of cotton produced in the US. alone, and the energy needs soar. To cut down on the energy the textile industry uses to make cotton, they targeted their efforts toward lowering the bleaching technique's high temperatures. This group of scientists developed a novel compound that, when used with hydrogen per-oxide, drops the bleaching temperature down to 140 degrees Fahrenheit from 200 degrees. It is estimated that 60 degree difference would result in a process requiring less than half the energy as the commercial technique. It also produced less waste water, improved the weight of the ma-terial and performed its original function whitening the cotton. Since many materials des-tined to become clothing eventually take on various hues, the scientists also tested dyes and found the cotton bleached at the lower tempera-ture could be made just as vibrant as its high-heat counterpart. They successfully showed the treatment's effectiveness on knitted cotton fabric in commercial scale trials. The tone of this passage could be best described as .... (A) emotional (B) informative (C) disinterested (D) exaggerated (E) concerned

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:54

Scientists expect that the ocean will eventually absorb about 85% of anthropogenic C02 but because the ocean takes 1000 years to mix, this process will take many hundreds to thousands of years. An increasing sink is expected through 2100. It is because the increasing C02 in the atmosphere will drive more carbon into the ocean by the solubility mechanism. However, because of the chemistry of carbon in seawater, the ability of the ocean to absorb carbon decreases as the concentration increases. Anthropogenic forcings may slow down the large-scale overturning circulation of the ocean. As a result, they will reduce the efficiency of the ocean sink. Predictive models suggest significant regional changes in biological removal of carbon to the deep ocean, but a small net effect on globally-integrated ocean carbon uptake. Uncertainties in the ocean carbon uptake include the degree to ocean circulation. The ocean circulation will change with climate change and how this will modify carbon uptake. Model prediction suggest small future changes to the"biological pump" of carbon to the deep ocean. These models, however, do not account for potentially-important ecosystem shifts or for changes in carbon cycling in the near-surface ocean. Carbon cycling in coastal systems is poorly quantified. The carbon cycling includes estuaries and marshes, and the continental shelves. These are areas of active research. There are additional consequences to the ocean's uptake of carbon. C02 dissolves in seawater and forms carbonic acid. It eventually makes the ocean more acidic. From preindustrial times to present the pH of the ocean has declined 0,1 pH units, from 8.21 to 8.10, and it is likely to decline by another 0,-0,4 pH units by the 2100, assuming atmospheric C02 is about 800 ppmv by that time. Acidification will damage coral reefs. It likely places significant stress on species important to ocean food chain, as well, particularly in the Southern Ocean. Scientists are working hard to better-understand the impacts on organisms and the integrated effects on ocean ecos stems. In presenting the ideas, the author starts by .... A. Explaining the ocean absorbs carbon B. Stating the problem of carbon C. Theorizing the process of carbon absorption by the ocean D. Supporting the scientists' expectation on carbon absorption E. Exposing conditions for the carbon absorption to take place

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:54

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} What most likely motivates the writer to write the passage? A. Growing plants on peat soil is considered ineffective to provide maximum yields B. People think peat soil can only be found on the banks of rivers or seas C. People's knowledge about planting crops on peat soil is still limited D. The society needs information about peat soil as agricultural lands. E. Not many people know the acidity of peat soil in nature.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:54

"Why Finlandia's School so Successful For many years the school system in Finland has been very successful. In the PISA survey, which compares reading, math and science knowledge of 15 year olds around the world, Finland is not only the top European country but also competes with Asian giants like Shanghai, Singapore and South Korea. But what makes the educational system in this small country so strikingly different from others in the western world. First of all, the Finish government makes it possible for all children to attend preschool, which comes after kindergarten. Compulsory education begins at 7. Teachers work with their pupils in school as much as possible. They have little homework to do when they get home. When teachers are not with the pupils they spend a lot of time in schools working on the curriculum and new projects. They teach in teams if it is needed to help them reach their goals. That is why dropout rates are low compared to other countries. In contrast to other nations teaching in Finland is a highly admired profession. Finland selects its teachers very carefully. Only talented students can continue their education to a university and receive a master’s degree in education. Finland only takes the best to educate its youth. Schools in Finland are small, at least for international standards. However, more than in any other country teachers are ready to prepare children for life. In some cases they know every pupil in their school and can adjust to them. Teachers try everything to succeed with their pupils. Most of the pupils get additional help in their elementary school years, either by the teachers themselves or through specially trained educators. What is the last paragraph discussed about? A. Even the school was not large for international standards, the teachers success made pupils to be succeed. B. The most intelligent teacher are there. C. Most of pupils get help for their difficulties. D. The teacher always need a team to teach all the pupils. E. the school there is as large as other school in international standards so they could make the pupils succeed.

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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