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Jika panjang vektor u , v , dan berturut-turut 12, 8, dan 4 7 ​ maka besar sudut antara u dan v adalah… (UM UGM 2017)

Jika panjang vektor  dan begin mathsize 14px style open parentheses u with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top close parentheses end style berturut-turut 12, 8, dan  maka besar sudut antara  dan  adalah… (UM UGM 2017)

  1. 45begin mathsize 14px style degree end style 

  2. 60begin mathsize 14px style degree end style 

  3. 90begin mathsize 14px style degree end style 

  4. 120begin mathsize 14px style degree end style 

  5. 150begin mathsize 14px style degree end style 

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Pembahasan

Dari soal diketahui Untuk menentukan besar sudut antara dan ingat bahwa . Sehingga kita harus menentukan nilai dari terlebih dahulu. Pertama jika dikuadratkan maka akan diperoleh dan jika yang dikuadratkan akan diperoleh kemudian jika dikuadratkan akan diperoleh setelah mendapatkan nilai dari maka kita dapat menentukan besar sudut antara dan . Karena nilai , nilai adalah negatif artinya berada di kuadran ke dua, sehingga didapatkannilai . Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah D.

Dari soal diketahui 

begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar equals 12 end style 

begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar equals 8 end style 

begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar equals 4 square root of 7 end style 

Untuk menentukan besar sudut antara  begin mathsize 14px style u with rightwards arrow on top end style dan begin mathsize 14px style v with rightwards arrow on top end style ingat bahwa  begin mathsize 14px style u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top equals vertical line u with rightwards arrow on top vertical line times vertical line v with rightwards arrow on top vertical line cos alpha end style. Sehingga kita harus menentukan nilai dari begin mathsize 14px style u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end style terlebih dahulu. 

Pertama jika begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end style dikuadratkan maka akan diperoleh

 begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell vertical line u with rightwards arrow on top vertical line squared end cell equals cell u with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell 12 squared end cell equals cell u with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell u with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top end cell equals 144 end table end style  

dan jika begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end style yang dikuadratkan akan diperoleh

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar squared end cell equals cell v with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell 8 squared end cell equals cell v with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell v with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell equals 64 end table end style 

kemudian jika begin mathsize 14px style open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end style dikuadratkan akan diperoleh

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar squared end cell equals cell u with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top plus u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell open parentheses 4 square root of 7 close parentheses squared end cell equals cell u with rightwards arrow on top times u with rightwards arrow on top plus 2 u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top plus v with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row 112 equals cell 144 plus 2 u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top plus 64 end cell row 112 equals cell 208 plus 2 u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell 112 minus 208 end cell equals cell 2 u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell negative 96 end cell equals cell 2 u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell row cell u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell equals cell fraction numerator negative 96 over denominator 2 end fraction end cell row cell u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell equals cell negative 48 end cell end table end style 

setelah mendapatkan nilai dari begin mathsize 14px style u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end style maka kita dapat menentukan besar sudut antara begin mathsize 14px style u with rightwards arrow on top end style dan begin mathsize 14px style v with rightwards arrow on top end style.

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell u with rightwards arrow on top times v with rightwards arrow on top end cell equals cell open vertical bar u with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar times open vertical bar v with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar cos alpha end cell row cell negative 48 end cell equals cell 12 times 8 times cos alpha end cell row cell negative 48 end cell equals cell 96 times cos alpha end cell row cell cos alpha end cell equals cell fraction numerator negative 48 over denominator 96 end fraction end cell row cell cos alpha end cell equals cell negative 1 half end cell end table end style 

Karena nilai begin mathsize 14px style cos alpha equals negative 1 half end style, nilai begin mathsize 14px style cos alpha end style adalah negatif artinya berada di kuadran ke dua, sehingga didapatkan nilai begin mathsize 14px style alpha equals 120 degree end style.

Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah D.

 

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