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Diketahui proyeksi skalar ortogonal a = ( 3 − 4 ​ ) pada b = ( − 2 p ​ ) adalah − 2 5 ​ . Tentukanproyeksi skalar orthogonal b pada a .

Diketahui proyeksi skalar ortogonal   pada   adalah.

Tentukan proyeksi skalar orthogonal  pada .

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J. Joko

Master Teacher

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proyeksi skalar orthogonal pada adalah dan .

 proyeksi skalar orthogonal  b with rightwards arrow on top pada a with rightwards arrow on top adalah table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row blank blank 2 end table dan table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row blank blank 10 end table

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Ingat! Jika , maka p anjang vektor atau dapat ditentukan melalui rumus . Jika adalah proyeksi skalar orthogonal vektor pada maka . Pada soal terjadi kesalahan, yaitu proyeksi skalar tidak mungkin bernilai negatif, sehingga kita asumsikan proyeksi skalar orthogonal pada adalah . Sehingga: Untuk proyeksi skala orthogonal vektor pada adalah: Ingat bahwa panjang vektor proyeksi atau panjang vektor pada umumnya selalu bernilai positif, sehingga untuk proyeksi skalar orthogonal vektor pada adalah: Ingat bahwa panjang vektor proyeksi atau panjang vektor pada umumnya selalu bernilai positif, sehingga Jadi, proyeksi skalar orthogonal pada adalah dan .

Ingat!

  • Jika b with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses table row cell x subscript 1 end cell row cell y subscript 1 end cell end table close parentheses, maka panjang vektor b with rightwards arrow on top atau open vertical bar b with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar dapat ditentukan melalui rumus open vertical bar b with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar equals square root of x subscript 1 squared plus y subscript 1 squared end root.
  • Jika open vertical bar c with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar adalah proyeksi skalar orthogonal vektor a with rightwards arrow on top pada b with rightwards arrow on top maka table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar c with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell fraction numerator a with rightwards arrow on top stack times b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator open vertical bar b with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end fraction end cell end table.

Pada soal terjadi kesalahan, yaitu proyeksi skalar tidak mungkin bernilai negatif, sehingga kita asumsikan proyeksi skalar orthogonal a with rightwards arrow on top pada b with rightwards arrow on top adalah 2 square root of 5.

Sehingga:

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar c with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell fraction numerator a with rightwards arrow on top times b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator open vertical bar b with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end fraction end cell row cell 2 square root of 5 end cell equals cell fraction numerator 3 open parentheses negative 2 close parentheses plus open parentheses negative 4 close parentheses open parentheses p close parentheses over denominator square root of open parentheses negative 2 close parentheses squared plus p squared end root end fraction end cell row cell 2 square root of 5 end cell equals cell fraction numerator negative 6 minus 4 p over denominator square root of 4 plus p squared end root end fraction end cell row cell 2 square root of 5 cross times square root of 4 plus p squared end root end cell equals cell negative 6 minus 4 p end cell row cell square root of 5 cross times square root of 4 plus p squared end root end cell equals cell fraction numerator negative 6 minus 4 p over denominator 2 end fraction end cell row cell square root of open parentheses 4 plus p squared close parentheses 5 end root end cell equals cell negative 3 minus 2 p end cell row cell square root of 20 plus 5 p squared end root end cell equals cell negative 3 minus 2 p end cell row cell open parentheses square root of 20 plus 5 p squared end root close parentheses squared end cell equals cell open parentheses negative 3 minus 2 p close parentheses squared end cell row cell 20 plus 5 p squared end cell equals cell 9 plus 12 p plus 4 p squared end cell row cell 5 p squared minus 4 p squared minus 12 p plus 20 minus 9 end cell equals 0 row cell p squared minus 12 p plus 11 end cell equals 0 row cell open parentheses p minus 1 close parentheses open parentheses p minus 11 close parentheses end cell equals 0 row p equals cell 1 space atau space p equals 11 end cell end table    

  • Untuk p equals 1  proyeksi skala orthogonal vektor b with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses table row cell negative 2 end cell row 1 end table close parentheses pada a with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses table row 3 row cell negative 4 end cell end table close parentheses adalah:

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar stack c subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell fraction numerator a with rightwards arrow on top. b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator a with rightwards arrow on top end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator 3 open parentheses negative 2 close parentheses plus open parentheses negative 4 close parentheses open parentheses 1 close parentheses over denominator square root of open parentheses 3 close parentheses squared plus open parentheses negative 4 close parentheses squared end root end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator negative 6 minus 4 over denominator square root of 25 end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator negative 10 over denominator 5 end fraction end cell row blank equals cell negative 2 end cell end table

Ingat bahwa panjang vektor proyeksi atau panjang vektor pada umumnya selalu bernilai positif, sehingga

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar stack c subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell open vertical bar negative 2 close vertical bar end cell row blank equals 2 end table      

  • untuk p equals 11 proyeksi skalar orthogonal vektor b with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses table row cell negative 2 end cell row 1 end table close parentheses pada a with rightwards arrow on top equals open parentheses table row 3 row cell negative 4 end cell end table close parentheses adalah: 

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar stack c subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell fraction numerator a with rightwards arrow on top times b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator a with rightwards arrow on top end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator 3 open parentheses negative 2 close parentheses plus open parentheses negative 4 close parentheses open parentheses 11 close parentheses over denominator square root of open parentheses 3 close parentheses squared plus open parentheses negative 4 close parentheses squared end root end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator negative 6 minus 44 over denominator square root of 25 end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator negative 50 over denominator 5 end fraction end cell row blank equals cell negative 10 end cell end table   

Ingat bahwa panjang vektor proyeksi atau panjang vektor pada umumnya selalu bernilai positif, sehingga

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open vertical bar stack c subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end cell equals cell open vertical bar negative 10 close vertical bar end cell row blank equals 10 end table      

Jadi, proyeksi skalar orthogonal  b with rightwards arrow on top pada a with rightwards arrow on top adalah table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row blank blank 2 end table dan table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row blank blank 10 end table

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