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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Lala S

27 Januari 2022 21:53

Dogs are one of the smartest animals and are often called ’man's best friend’. As well as being a pet, many trained dogs also become professional to help police, airport officials, and people with special needs. It is this special ability that has always been an attraction for experts to research dogs more scientifically and deeply. As reported in TIME, one ot the experts who was interested in it was neuroscientist Gregory Berns from Emory University in Atlanta, United Stales. Not just studying their behaviour, Berns specifically trained dogs to sit quietlv inside Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) so that the way their brain worked could be scanned and seen. Without being anesthesized or nut to sleep, ihe fully awake dog was told to sit while the MRl scanning was peeking their brain. For the scanning purpose, large hardware was needed so that the software could function optimally. The result of the scanning indicated that the size of the brain is the determining factor. The dog's brain size is relatively large. Human brain is considered very big, reaching a proportion of 1:50 of the average total body weight. The size of the dog’s biain turned out to be 1:125 of the dog's total body weight. It is the ratio found in almost all types of puppies. In comparison with other animals, the size of a horse's brain is only 1:600 and the size of a lion's brain is slightly better at 1:550 of the total body weight. So, among other animals, the size of a dog's brain is indeed quite large and can accommodate more cognitive and affective development. Dogs are very sensitive to tones. From changes in tone, dogs can learn and distinguish human words. Berns’s research aimed to find out how dogs learn human language: when dogs hear a word, is it just an auditory stimulation or does it have more meanings? He spent a year observing the brain activities of the dogs when they heard familiar words or unclearchatter. From the tone, dogs can learn to distinguish human words, As with human babies, puppies respond more to humans high-pitched speech than low-pitched one. Researchers in New York and France also found that high notes really helped puppies leant words. But as adults, dogs no longer choose high octaves as they did when they were young. (adapted from https ://www.hipwee.com/} What is the main idea of the passage? A. The comparison between a dog’s brain size and its weight detennines its capacity and cognitive abilities. B. A dog’s brain size and its cognitive abilities are determined by the total body weight C. The size of a dog’s brain determines its weight and cognitive potential. D. The larger the size of dog’s brain, the faster its cognitive and affective development are. E. The ratio between a dog’s brain size and its weight is determined by its cognitive and affective development.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:53

Dogs are one of the smartest animals and are often called ’man's best friend’. As well as being a pet, many trained dogs also become professional to help police, airport officials, and people with special needs. It is this special ability that has always been an attraction for experts to research dogs more scientifically and deeply. As reported in TIME, one ot the experts who was interested in it was neuroscientist Gregory Berns from Emory University in Atlanta, United Stales. Not just studying their behaviour, Berns specifically trained dogs to sit quietlv inside Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) so that the way their brain worked could be scanned and seen. Without being anesthesized or nut to sleep, ihe fully awake dog was told to sit while the MRl scanning was peeking their brain. For the scanning purpose, large hardware was needed so that the software could function optimally. The result of the scanning indicated that the size of the brain is the determining factor. The dog's brain size is relatively large. Human brain is considered very big, reaching a proportion of 1:50 of the average total body weight. The size of the dog’s biain turned out to be 1:125 of the dog's total body weight. It is the ratio found in almost all types of puppies. In comparison with other animals, the size of a horse's brain is only 1:600 and the size of a lion's brain is slightly better at 1:550 of the total body weight. So, among other animals, the size of a dog's brain is indeed quite large and can accommodate more cognitive and affective development. Dogs are very sensitive to tones. From changes in tone, dogs can learn and distinguish human words. Berns’s research aimed to find out how dogs learn human language: when dogs hear a word, is it just an auditory stimulation or does it have more meanings? He spent a year observing the brain activities of the dogs when they heard familiar words or unclearchatter. From the tone, dogs can learn to distinguish human words, As with human babies, puppies respond more to humans' high-pitched speech than low-pitched one. Researchers in New York and France also found that high notes really helped puppies leant words. But as adults, dogs no longer choose high octaves as they did when they were young. (adapted from https ://www.hipwee.com/} The word ‘professionals’ in paragraph 1 is replaceable by ..... A. Animals with special ability B. Deftly skilled animals C. Excellent animal D. Smart animals E. Trained animals

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar S

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The use of modem chemical drugs and herbal medicines, including herbs, simultaneously to treat certain diseases must be exercised carefully. Random combined use can lead to health worsening. Clinical (rials showed the use of simvastatin as anti-cholesterol drugs or a mixture of guava leaves, Javanese turmeric (temulawak) roots, and Dutch teak leaves as traditional medicine gave good results if they are used separately. But, if combined, the results are harmful. Similar harms happen in the combined use of metformin and black tea to treat diabetes. If both are used individually, they can reduce blood sugar levels in large quantities. However, if combined, the decrease in blood sugar content is acnially very small. As for herbal medicines, besides being absorbed more slowly by the body, sometimes they are binding substances from chemical drugs. As a result, the effect of chemical drug is not optimal. Ginseng should not be combined with heart drugs because it will worsen the heart condition. In addition, gariic which also an anticoagulant herbal medicine, should not be combined with chemical drugs such as acelasol or clopldopril because it will cause bleeding. Indonesians know and realize the benefits of medicinal plants for a long time. However, the traditional Indonesian medicine industry has not developed. Currently there are 6 phytopharmacologically based medicines and 31 standardized herbal medicines. The herbs in Indonesia are thousands in number. Jannt is the lowest level in the grouping of the Indonesian traditional 'medicines, followed by standardized herbal medicines and phytopharmacologically based medicines as the highest level. To improve the status of herbal medicines to standardized herbal medicines, there must be a non-clinical test. To be phytopharmacologically based medicines, clinical trials and non-clinical trials must be carried out on these medicines. Because of this, many herbal producers are reluctant to improve the status or their products, because even without such complicated procedures, the herbal has already sold well. Manufacturers will only increase the status of their products to standardized herbal medicines or phytopharmacologically based medicines to ensure the safety of their products to consumers and export interests. (adapted from https://lifestyle.kompas. com/) Who needs to read the passage? A. Patients B. Doctors C. Nurses D. Pharmacists E. Researchers

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lili R

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The use of modem chemical drugs and herbal medicines, including herbs, simultaneously to treat certain diseases must be exercised carefully. Random combined use can lead to health worsening. Clinical (rials showed the use of simvastatin as anti-cholesterol drugs or a mixture of guava leaves, Javanese turmeric (temulawak) roots, and Dutch teak leaves as traditional medicine gave good results if they are used separately. But, if combined, the results are harmful. Similar harms happen in the combined use of metformin and black tea to treat diabetes. If both are used individually, they can reduce blood sugar levels in large quantities. However, if combined, the decrease in blood sugar content is acnially very small. As for herbal medicines, besides being absorbed more slowly by the body, sometimes they are binding substances from chemical drugs. As a result, the effect of chemical drug is not optimal. Ginseng should not be combined with heart drugs because it will worsen the heart condition. In addition, gariic which also an anticoagulant herbal medicine, should not be combined with chemical drugs such as acelasol or clopldopril because it will cause bleeding. Indonesians know and realize the benefits of medicinal plants for a long time. However, the traditional Indonesian medicine industry has not developed. Currently there are 6 phytopharmacologically based medicines and 31 standardized herbal medicines. The herbs in Indonesia are thousands in number. Jannt is the lowest level in the grouping of the Indonesian traditional 'medicines, followed by standardized herbal medicines and phytopharmacologically based medicines as the highest level. To improve the status of herbal medicines to standardized herbal medicines, there must be a non-clinical test. To be phytopharmacologically based medicines, clinical trials and non-clinical trials must be carried out on these medicines. Because of this, many herbal producers are reluctant to improve the status or their products, because even without such complicated procedures, the herbal has already sold well. Manufacturers will only increase the status of their products to standardized herbal medicines or phytopharmacologically based medicines to ensure the safety of their products to consumers and export interests. (adapted from https://lifestyle.kompas. com/) Which is the most appropriate and general conclusion of the passage? A. Indonesia has already standardized herbal medicines pharmacologically. B. Consuming herbs and chemical drugs together bas the potential to improve one's health. C. Use of herbal and chemical drugs in combination must be strictly based on the prescription. D. The process of standardizing herbal medicines is complicated and costly and it takes a long time. E. Herbal medicines that bind substances to chemical drugs are the cause of the reduced effect of chemical drugs.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lala S

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The use of modem chemical drugs and herbal medicines, including herbs, simultaneously to treat certain diseases must be exercised carefully. Random combined use can lead to health worsening. Clinical (rials showed the use of simvastatin as anti-cholesterol drugs or a mixture of guava leaves, Javanese turmeric (temulawak) roots, and Dutch teak leaves as traditional medicine gave good results if they are used separately. But, if combined, the results are harmful. Similar harms happen in the combined use of metformin and black tea to treat diabetes. If both are used individually, they can reduce blood sugar levels in large quantities. However, if combined, the decrease in blood sugar content is acnially very small. As for herbal medicines, besides being absorbed more slowly by the body, sometimes they are binding substances from chemical drugs. As a result, the effect of chemical drug is not optimal. Ginseng should not be combined with heart drugs because it will worsen the heart condition. In addition, gariic which also an anticoagulant herbal medicine, should not be combined with chemical drugs such as acelasol or clopldopril because it will cause bleeding. Indonesians know and realize the benefits of medicinal plants for a long time. However, the traditional Indonesian medicine industry has not developed. Currently there are 6 phytopharmacologically based medicines and 31 standardized herbal medicines. The herbs in Indonesia are thousands in number. Jannt is the lowest level in the grouping of the Indonesian traditional 'medicines, followed by standardized herbal medicines and phytopharmacologically based medicines as the highest level. To improve the status of herbal medicines to standardized herbal medicines, there must be a non-clinical test. To be phytopharmacologically based medicines, clinical trials and non-clinical trials must be carried out on these medicines. Because of this, many herbal producers are reluctant to improve the status or their products, because even without such complicated procedures, the herbal has already sold well. Manufacturers will only increase the status of their products to standardized herbal medicines or phytopharmacologically based medicines to ensure the safety of their products to consumers and export interests. (adapted from https://lifestyle.kompas. com/) Based on die passage, health risks of combining chemical drugs and herbs are observed in the incidents as follows, EXCEPT .... A. ineffective reduction of blood sugar in the use of metformin and black tea simultaneously B. increase in blood sugar in the use of garlic and chemical drugs in the category of acetasol C. worsening heart conditions in the consumption of ginseng that combines with other chemical drugs D. the onset of bleeding in the consumption of garlic together with chemical drugs categorized as acctasol or clopidopril E. cholesterol treatment in the simultaneous use of simvastatin anticholesterol drugs and a mixture of guava leaves, Javanese turmeric (temulawak) roots, and Dutch teak leaves

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1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The use of modem chemical drugs and herbal medicines, including herbs, simultaneously to treat certain diseases must be exercised carefully. Random combined use can lead to health worsening. Clinical (rials showed the use of simvastatin as anti-cholesterol drugs or a mixture of guava leaves, Javanese turmeric (temulawak) roots, and Dutch teak leaves as traditional medicine gave good results if they are used separately. But, if combined, the results are harmful. Similar harms happen in the combined use of metformin and black tea to treat diabetes. If both are used individually, they can reduce blood sugar levels in large quantities. However, if combined, the decrease in blood sugar content is acnially very small. As for herbal medicines, besides being absorbed more slowly by the body, sometimes they are binding substances from chemical drugs. As a result, the effect of chemical drug is not optimal. Ginseng should not be combined with heart drugs because it will worsen the heart condition. In addition, gariic which also an anticoagulant herbal medicine, should not be combined with chemical drugs such as acelasol or clopldopril because it will cause bleeding. Indonesians know and realize the benefits of medicinal plants for a long time. However, the traditional Indonesian medicine industry has not developed. Currently there are 6 phytopharmacologically based medicines and 31 standardized herbal medicines. The herbs in Indonesia are thousands in number. Jannt is the lowest level in the grouping of the Indonesian traditional 'medicines, followed by standardized herbal medicines and phytopharmacologically based medicines as the highest level. To improve the status of herbal medicines to standardized herbal medicines, there must be a non-clinical test. To be phytopharmacologically based medicines, clinical trials and non-clinical trials must be carried out on these medicines. Because of this, many herbal producers are reluctant to improve the status or their products, because even without such complicated procedures, the herbal has already sold well. Manufacturers will only increase the status of their products to standardized herbal medicines or phytopharmacologically based medicines to ensure the safety of their products to consumers and export interests. (adapted from https://lifestyle.kompas. com/) The writer emphasizes the importance of sparating the consumption of chemical medicines from that of the herbal medicines in paragraph(s) .......... A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1 and 2 E. 2 and 3

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar S

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} What most likely motivates the writer to write the passage? A. Growing plants on peat soil is considered ineffective to provide maximum yields. B. People think peal soil can only be found on the banks of rivers or seas. C. People's knowledge about planting crops on peat soil is still limited. D. The society needs information about peat soils as agricultural lands. E. Not many people know the acidity of peat soil in nature.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lili R

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} The purpose of the writer in writing the sentence ‘Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K‘ in paragraph 4 is to ... A. Identify mineral soil to be given fertilizers P and K B. Support the increased production of fertilizers P and K C. Confirm that the best type of fertilizers for peat soil is P and K D. Exemplify the method of administering P and K fertilizers on peat soil E. Explain that P and K fertilizers are produced only for plants on peat soil

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lala S

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} What is the main idea of the passage? A. Peat soil has good properties as fertilizers. B. Peat soil is physically and chemically different. C. Peal soil has certain physical and chemical properties. D. Peat soil has chemical properties that are quite different from clay. E. Peal soil is brown because of its physical and chemical properties.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:53

The word gambut (peat) is taken from the name of a village, Desa Gambut (now Garnbut sub-district), which is located about 10 km east of Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. It is at this place that for the first time, rice has been successfully cultivated in peat soiled rice fields. In the soil taxonomy system, peat soils are grouped into a separate soil order called hisiosols, which means that the land is predominantly composed of organic soil materials in the form of remains of plant tissues. The nature and the characteristics of peat soils can be determined based on their physical and chemical properties. Gambut has dark brown to blackish colors. Although its basic materials are gray, brown or reddish, after decomposition, the dark humid compounds will appear. Furthermore, based on the weight of the contents, peat soil or gambut, which has undergone further decomposition, has a content weight ranging from 0.2 to 0 3 g cm2. Due to the low content weight, peat has a large capacity-as water storage about 2-4 times its dry weight. In fact, moss peat that has not decomposed can store up to 12 or 15 even 20 times more water than its own weight. In addition, peat soil has a large absorption area, which is up to 4 times greater than montmorillonite clay. Next, peat soil has acidic reaction properties. Decomposition of organic matters will produce organic acids that accumulate in the bodv of the soil hence increasing the acidity of the peat soil. Generally, peat soil shows real resistance to changes in pH when compared to mineral soils. As a result, peat soil requires more limestone to increase the pH at the same level of the value of mineral soil. Thus, peat soil requires a higher dose of fertilizers than mineral soil. Furthermore, based on the nutrients contained in it, peal soil is a type of nutrient-poor soil. High levels of N and organic matters in peat soils are also accompanied by a high N nitrification process so that the activity of heterotrophic organisms is not well stimulated and the organisms active in the nitrification process can carry out (heir activities. Therefore, the levels of P (phosphorus) and K (potassium) of peat soils are generally lower than that of the mineral soils. Also, the plants cultivated on the peat soil are very responsive to the fertilization using P and K. (adapted fiom hilps://freelearningji.wordpress.com} The phrase * large capacity as water storage* in paragraph 2 can be replaced by ... A. Power to withstand heavy water currents B. Capacity to keep water flowing stable C. High quality and quantity of water D. Potential to make large water storage E. Ability to deposit a large amount of water

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Jawaban terverifikasi
1727374
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