UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

    Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It ____40____ primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs or by alveoli that are filled with fluid (alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen). At times a very serious condition, pneumonia can make a person very sick or even cause death. Although the disease can occur in young and ____41____ people, it is most dangerous for older adults, babies, and people with other diseases or impaired immune systems.

    In the United States, more than 3 million people developed pneumonia each year, and about 17% of these receive treatment in a hospital. Most people with pneumonia recover, but about 5% will ____42____ to the condition.

    Pneumonia treatments depend in the type of pneumonia and the severity of symptoms. Bacterial pneumonias are usually treated with antibiotics, whereas viral pneumonias are treated with rest and plenty of fluids. Fungal pneumonias are usually treated with antifungal medications. Over-the-counter medications are also commonly prescribed to better manage to pneumonias symptoms. These included the ____43____ for reducing fever, reducing aches and pains, and suppressing coughs. In addition, it is important to get plenty of rest and sleep and drink lots of fluids.

    There are several ways to prevent pneumonia. There are two vaccines that are available to prevent pneumococcal disease (the bacterial infection that is the most common cause of pneumonia): pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax). Prevnar is generally administrated as part of the normal infant immunization procedure and is and is recommended for children less than 2 years of the or between and four years with certain medical conditions. Pneumovax is provided for adults who are at increased risk of developing pneumococcal without spleen. The pneumonia vaccine may not completely prevent older adults from getting pneumonia, but it can reduce the severity of a future pneumonia.

Gunakan petunjuk A dalam menjawab soal nomor 31 sampai nomor 45.
 

    Narwhal, robust-bodied, thoothed whale, occuring only in deep waters of the high arctic, almost always close to the floating closely related to the beluga whale. Narwhals are motted black and white, with more dark mottling on the back than on the belly, Females grow to 4.2 m (14ft) in length, and males to 4.7 m (15ft). Narwhals have only two teeth both in the adult male continues to grow, spiraling forward from the head, until the tusk is up to 3m (up to 10ft) long ____31 ____ this tusk, the overall body length of an older male may be nearly 8m (nearly 26 ft).

    Narwhal often occur in small pods of 2 to about 12 animals, which are parts to target. They migrate seasonally as the ice edge moves, and they can be found in remarkably thick ice. Fish, squid, and shrimp make up their diet. The members of a herd may ____32____ themselves according to age and sex, especially during migration. In such cases, sub adult male or adult male group and be easilly distinguished by the size of their tusks.

    The social system of Narwhals is not known, ____33____ researchers believe that males may disolay or fight one another for access female. Male have been observed to use their tusks for partially broken off or with tusks common. A mature female may give birth once every there years. Gestation last about 15 months, and a single calf is born in the summer.

    Narwhals are hunted by Intuits and some northern Europeans for their skin, meat bubbler and especially for her tusks. The tusks is used as an ornament, both whole and carved, and is sometimes ground into a powder for ____34____ medicinal purposes. Althogh the existence of the species does not appear to be threatened local over hunting of individual narwhals and their food supply may be limiting populations.

Gunakan petunjuk A dalam menjawab soal nomor 31 sampai nomor 45.
 

    Narwhal, robust-bodied, thoothed whale, occuring only in deep waters of the high arctic, almost always close to the floating closely related to the beluga whale. Narwhals are motted black and white, with more dark mottling on the back than on the belly, Females grow to 4.2 m (14ft) in length, and males to 4.7 m (15ft). Narwhals have only two teeth both in the adult male continues to grow, spiraling forward from the head, until the tusk is up to 3m (up to 10ft) long ____31 ____ this tusk, the overall body length of an older male may be nearly 8m (nearly 26 ft).

    Narwhal often occur in small pods of 2 to about 12 animals, which are parts to target. They migrate seasonally as the ice edge moves, and they can be found in remarkably thick ice. Fish, squid, and shrimp make up their diet. The members of a herd may ____32____ themselves according to age and sex, especially during migration. In such cases, sub adult male or adult male group and be easilly distinguished by the size of their tusks.

    The social system of Narwhals is not known, ____33____ researchers believe that males may disolay or fight one another for access female. Male have been observed to use their tusks for partially broken off or with tusks common. A mature female may give birth once every there years. Gestation last about 15 months, and a single calf is born in the summer.

    Narwhals are hunted by Intuits and some northern Europeans for their skin, meat bubbler and especially for her tusks. The tusks is used as an ornament, both whole and carved, and is sometimes ground into a powder for ____34____ medicinal purposes. Althogh the existence of the species does not appear to be threatened local over hunting of individual narwhals and their food supply may be limiting populations.

    Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It ____40____ primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs or by alveoli that are filled with fluid (alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen). At times a very serious condition, pneumonia can make a person very sick or even cause 'death. Although the disease can occur in young and ____41____ people, it is most dangerous for older adults, babies, and people with other diseases or impaired immune systems.

    In the United States, more than 3 million people developed pneumonia each year, and about 17% of these receive treatment in a hospital. Most people with pneumonia recover, but about 5% will ____42____ to the condition.

    Pneumonia treatments depend in the type of pneumonia and the severity of symptoms. Bacterial pneumonias are usually treated with antibiotics, whereas viral pneumonias are treated with rest and plenty of fluids. Fungal pneumonias are usually treated with antifungal medications. Over-the-counter medications are also commonly prescribed to better manage to pneumonias symptoms. These included the ____43____ for reducing fever, reducing aches and pains, and suppressing coughs. In addition, it is important to get plenty of rest and sleep and drink lots of fluids.

    There are several ways to prevent pneumonia. There are two vaccines that are available to prevent pneumococcal disease (the bacterial infection that is the most common cause of pneumonia): pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax). Prevnar is generally administrated as part of the normal infant immunization procedure and is and is recommended for children less than 2 years of the or between and four years with certain medical conditions. Pneumovax is provided for adults who are at increased risk of developing pneumococcal without spleen. The pneumonia vaccine may not completely prevent older adults from getting pneumonia, but it can reduce the severity of a future pneumonia.

Gunakan petunjuk A dalam menjawab soal nomor 31 sampai nomor 45.
 

    Narwhal, robust-bodied, thoothed whale, occuring only in deep waters of the high arctic, almost always close to the floating closely related to the beluga whale. Narwhals are motted black and white, with more dark mottling on the back than on the belly, Females grow to 4.2 m (14ft) in length, and males to 4.7 m (15ft). Narwhals have only two teeth both in the adult male continues to grow, spiraling forward from the head, until the tusk is up to 3m (up to 10ft) long ____31 ____ this tusk, the overall body length of an older male may be nearly 8m (nearly 26 ft).

    Narwhal often occur in small pods of 2 to about 12 animals, which are parts to target. They migrate seasonally as the ice edge moves, and they can be found in remarkably thick ice. Fish, squid, and shrimp make up their diet. The members of a herd may ____32____ themselves according to age and sex, especially during migration. In such cases, sub adult male or adult male group and be easilly distinguished by the size of their tusks.

    The social system of Narwhals is not known, ____33____ researchers believe that males may disolay or fight one another for access female. Male have been observed to use their tusks for partially broken off or with tusks common. A mature female may give birth once every there years. Gestation last about 15 months, and a single calf is born in the summer.

    Narwhals are hunted by Intuits and some northern Europeans for their skin, meat bubbler and especially for her tusks. The tusks is used as an ornament, both whole and carved, and is sometimes ground into a powder for ____34____ medicinal purposes. Althogh the existence of the species does not appear to be threatened local over hunting of individual narwhals and their food supply may be limiting populations.

    Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It ____40____ primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs or by alveoli that are filled with fluid (alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen). At times a very serious condition, pneumonia can make a person very sick or even cause death. Although the disease can occur in young and ____41____ people, it is most dangerous for older adults, babies, and people with other diseases or impaired immune systems.

    In the United States, more than 3 million people developed pneumonia each year, and about 17% of these receive treatment in a hospital. Most people with pneumonia recover, but about 5% will ____42____ to the condition.

    Pneumonia treatments depend in the type of pneumonia and the severity of symptoms. Bacterial pneumonias are usually treated with antibiotics, whereas viral pneumonias are treated with rest and plenty of fluids. Fungal pneumonias are usually treated with antifungal medications. Over-the-counter medications are also commonly prescribed to better manage to pneumonias symptoms. These included the ____43____ for reducing fever, reducing aches and pains, and suppressing coughs. In addition, it is important to get plenty of rest and sleep and drink lots of fluids.

    There are several ways to prevent pneumonia. There are two vaccines that are available to prevent pneumococcal disease (the bacterial infection that is the most common cause of pneumonia): pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax). Prevnar is generally administrated as part of the normal infant immunization procedure and is and is recommended for children less than 2 years of the or between and four years with certain medical conditions. Pneumovax is provided for adults who are at increased risk of developing pneumococcal without spleen. The pneumonia vaccine may not completely prevent older adults from getting pneumonia, but it can reduce the severity of a future pneumonia.

    Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It ____40____ primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs or by alveoli that are filled with fluid (alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen). At times a very serious condition, pneumonia can make a person very sick or even cause 'death. Although the disease can occur in young and ____41____ people, it is most dangerous for older adults, babies, and people with other diseases or impaired immune systems.

    In the United States, more than 3 million people developed pneumonia each year, and about 17% of these receive treatment in a hospital. Most people with pneumonia recover, but about 5% will ____42____ to the condition.

    Pneumonia treatments depend in the type of pneumonia and the severity of symptoms. Bacterial pneumonias are usually treated with antibiotics, whereas viral pneumonias are treated with rest and plenty of fluids. Fungal pneumonias are usually treated with antifungal medications. Over-the-counter medications are also commonly prescribed to better manage to pneumonias symptoms. These included the ____43____ for reducing fever, reducing aches and pains, and suppressing coughs. In addition, it is important to get plenty of rest and sleep and drink lots of fluids.

    There are several ways to prevent pneumonia. There are two vaccines that are available to prevent pneumococcal disease (the bacterial infection that is the most common cause of pneumonia): pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax). Prevnar is generally administrated as part of the normal infant immunization procedure and is and is recommended for children less than 2 years of the or between and four years with certain medical conditions. Pneumovax is provided for adults who are at increased risk of developing pneumococcal without spleen. The pneumonia vaccine may not completely prevent older adults from getting pneumonia, but it can reduce the severity of a future pneumonia.

Bacalah teks di bawah ini untuk menjawab pertanyaan nomor 31 - 34!

    The Hollywood sign in the hills that line the northern border of Los Angeles is a famous ____31____ recognized the world over. The white- painted, 50-foot-high, sheet metal letters can be seen from great distances across the Los Angeles basin.

    The sign was not constructed, as one might suppose, by the movie business as a means of celebrating the importance of Hollywood to this industry; ____32____, it was first constructed in 1923 as a means of advertising homes for sale in a 500-acre housing subdivision in a part of Loa Angeles called "Hollywood’. The sign that was constructed at the time, of course, said "Hollywood". Over the years, people began referring to the area by the shortened version "Hollywood" and after the sign and its site ____33____ to the city in 1945, the last four letters were removed.

    The sign supported from years of disrepair, and in 1973 it needed to be completely replaced, at a cost of $ 27,700 per letter. Various celebrities were instrumental in helping to raise needed funds. Rock star Alice Cooper, for example, sought "O" in memory of Groucho Marx, and Hugh Hefner of playboy fame held a benefit party to ____34____ the money for the "Y”. The construction of the new sign was finally completed in 1978.

The option that best completes (3) is ....

    Living on an island can have stranger effects. On Flores in Indonesia, extinct elephants weighed no more than a large hog, but rats grew as big as cats. These are examples of the island effect, which holds that when food and predators are scarce, big animals shrink and little ones grow. Still, no one is sure whether the same rule explains the most famous example of dwarfing on Flores: the odd extinct hominin called the hobbit, which (10) ____ 60,000 to 100, 000 years ago and stood about a meter tall.

    Now, genetic evidence from modern pygmies or unusually short people on Flares-who are unrelated to the hobbit-confirm that humans, too, are subject to so-called island dwarfing. Flores pygmies differ from their closest relatives on New Guinea and in East Asia in carrying more gene variants that promote short stature.

    To explore the pygmies' ancestry, a team of reserachers studied the Rampasasa pgymies of Flores, who were on an average just 145 centimeters tall. They gathered spit and blood from 32 people and (11) ____. The team found no trace of archaic DNA that could be from the hobbit. Instead, the pgymies were (12) ____. The DNA suggest that their ancestors came to Flores in several waves: in the past 50,000 years or so, when modern human first reached Melanesia; and in the past 5000 years, when settlers came from both East Asia and New Guinea.

    The DNA also reflects an environmental shift. It suggests the pgymies' ancestors underwent a big shift in diet after reaching Flores, perhaps eating pgymiy elephants or matine foods. They pgymies' DNA is also rich in alleles that (13) ____ to short stature. Other East Asia have the same alleles, but at much lower frequencies.

    The discovery fits with a recent study suggesting evolution was also in favor of short stature in people on the Andaman Islands. Such selection on island boosts the theory that the hobbit, too, was once a taller species, who dwindled in height over millennia on Flores.

(11) ____