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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 16:00

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures against it. A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in 1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government's seal of approval for widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against which a person needed to be vaccinated. Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and prevalent and can last up to three orfour weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the "lesser of two evils:' This idea changed over time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the strength of the vaccine itself. Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became widespread. In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do harm. Of course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take preemptive steps against it. As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox among the most vulnerable populations. The author uses booster shots as an example of ........ a. a scientifically approved medicine to eliminate chickenpox b. a preferred method of chickenpox rash and fever treatment c. a way to increase the effectiveness of the chickenpox vaccine d. a strategy for parents to avoid vaccinating their child altogether e. a method to strengthen the immunity against chicken pox vaccine

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 16:00

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures against it. A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in 1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government's seal of approval for widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against which a person needed to be vaccinated. Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and prevalent and can last up to three orfour weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the "lesser of two evils:' This idea changed over time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the strength of the vaccine itself. Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became widespread. In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do harm. Of course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take preemptive steps against it. As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox among the most vulnerable populations. The word "notion" in the paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ... a. history b. findings c. fact d. problem e. belief

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures against it. A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in 1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government's seal of approval for widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against which a person needed to be vaccinated. Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and prevalent and can last up to three orfour weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the "lesser of two evils:' This idea changed over time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the strength of the vaccine itself. Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became widespread. In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do harm. Of course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take preemptive steps against it. As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox among the most vulnerable populations. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the clinical trials for the chickenpox vaccine? a. They took longer than expected. b. They cost a lot of money to complete. c. They took a long time to finish. d. They were ultimately successful. e. They are no longer needed.

10

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures against it. A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in 1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government's seal of approval for widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against which a person needed to be vaccinated. Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and prevalent and can last up to three orfour weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the "lesser of two evils:' This idea changed over time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the strength of the vaccine itself. Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became widespread. In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do harm. Of course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take preemptive steps against it. As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox among the most vulnerable populations. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the sentence, "The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life:'? a. U.S. parents believed that having chickenpox benefited their children. b. U.S. parents believed that chickenpox led to immunity against most sickness. c. U.S. parents wanted to make sure that their children developed chickenpox. d. U.S. parents did not think that other vaccinations were needed after chickenpox. e. U.S. parents considered it important for their children to experience chicken pox.

2

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Chickenpox is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the Varicella zoster virus; sufferers develop a fleeting itchy rash that can spread throughout the body. The disease can last for up to 14 days and can occur in both children and adults, though the young are particularly vulnerable. Individuals infected with chickenpox can expect to experience a high but tolerable level of discomfort and a fever as the disease works its way through the system. The ailment was once considered to be a "rite of passage" by parents in the U.S. and thought to provide children with greater and improved immunity to other forms of sickness later in life. This view, however, was altered after additional research by scientists demonstrated unexpected dangers associated with the virus. Over time, the fruits of this research have transformed attitudes toward the disease and the utility of seeking preemptive measures against it. A vaccine against chickenpox was originally invented by Michiaki Takahashi, a Japanese doctor and research scientist, in the mid-1960s. Dr. Takahashi began his work to isolate and grow the virus in 1965 and in 1972 began clinical trials with a live but weakened form of the virus that caused the human body to create antibodies. Japan and several other countries began widespread chickenpox vaccination programs in 1974. However, it took over 20 years for the chickenpox vaccine to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), finally earning the U.S. government's seal of approval for widespread use in 1995. Yet even though the chickenpox vaccine was available and recommended by the FDA, parents did not immediately choose to vaccinate their children against this disease. Mothers and fathers typically cited the notion that chickenpox did not constitute a serious enough disease against which a person needed to be vaccinated. Another reason that the chickenpox vaccine was not immediately accepted and used by parents in the U.S. centered on observations made by scientists that the vaccine simply did not last long enough and did not confer a lifetime of immunity. In other words, scientists considered the benefits of the vaccine to be temporary when given to young children. They also feared that it increased the odds that a person could become infected with chickenpox later as a young adult, when the rash is more painful and prevalent and can last up to three orfour weeks. Hence, allowing young children to develop chickenpox rather than take a vaccine against it was believed to be the "lesser of two evils:' This idea changed over time as booster shots of the vaccine elongated immunity and countered the perceived limits on the strength of the vaccine itself. Today, use of the chickenpox vaccine is common throughout the world. Pediatricians suggest an initial vaccination shot after a child turns one year old, with booster shots recommended after the child turns eight. The vaccine is estimated to be up to 90% effective and has reduced worldwide cases of chickenpox infection to 400,000 cases per year from over 4,000,000 cases before vaccination became widespread. In light of such statistics, most doctors insist that the potential risks of developing shingles outweigh the benefits of avoiding rare complications associated with inoculations. Meanwhile, some continue to remain unconvinced, citing a supposed potential of the vaccine to do harm. Of course, many parents continue to think of the disease as an innocuous ailment, refusing to take preemptive steps against it. As increasing numbers of students are vaccinated and the virus becomes increasingly rarer, however, even this trend among parents has failed to halt the decline of chickenpox among the most vulnerable populations. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the chickenpox virus? ' a. It leads to a potentially deadly disease in adults. b. It is associated with a possibly permanent rash. c. It is easily transmittable by an infected individual. d. It has been virtually eradicated in the modern world. e. There is no cure for diseases caused by chickenpox virus.

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Eligible US voters on election day don't select the President directly. They are voting for 538 electors instead, who meet in their respective states and vote for President and Vice President. The number is 538 as there are 100 s,enators (2 per state) and 438 representatives (distributed by population). These electors comprise the Electoral College. Each state, no matter how populous, gets at least three electors, and the remaining are in proportion to the population of the state. For example, California, the most populous state, has 53 congressmen and two senators, and gets 55 electoral votes. Meanwhile, a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. In a sense, on election day voters are telling their states how they want it to use its electoral votes, and the electors vote for the president on behalf of the people in their state. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. To win the presidency, 270 electoral votes are needed to get a majority of the Electoral College. The number of electors cannot change without a constitutional amendment, but electors allocated to each state can change every 10 years. In the electoral college system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a state claims all of the state's electoral votes. For example, Trump claimed all 29 electoral votes of Florida, winning the election over Clinton by a margin of 2.2 per cent. By narrowly winning key battleground states, Trump surpassed the 270 Electoral College votes necessary to win the White House despite Hillary's victory over popular votes. Candidates can win the popular vote and lose the electoral college. Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour. Key states, also known as swing states or battleground states or purple states, are highly competitive states that have historically swung between voting for different parties in presidential elections. The highstakes game of winning over the swing states means candidates spend more budget and effort to win them. What most likely motivates the writer to write the passage? a. People knowledge about the US president is limited. b. Not many people know how Trump won the presidential seat. c. The society needs information about the US presidential election system. d. People think that the US presidential election system is complicated. e. The US presidential election system is deemed inappropriate anymore

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Eligible US voters on election day don't select the President directly. They are voting for 538 electors instead, who meet in their respective states and vote for President and Vice President. The number is 538 as there are 100 s,enators (2 per state) and 438 representatives (distributed by population). These electors comprise the Electoral College. Each state, no matter how populous, gets at least three electors, and the remaining are in proportion to the population of the state. For example, California, the most populous state, has 53 congressmen and two senators, and gets 55 electoral votes. Meanwhile, a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. In a sense, on election day voters are telling their states how they want it to use its electoral votes, and the electors vote for the president on behalf of the people in their state. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. To win the presidency, 270 electoral votes are needed to get a majority of the Electoral College. The number of electors cannot change without a constitutional amendment, but electors allocated to each state can change every 10 years. In the electoral college system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a state claims all of the state's electoral votes. For example, Trump claimed all 29 electoral votes of Florida, winning the election over Clinton by a margin of 2.2 per cent. By narrowly winning key battleground states, Trump surpassed the 270 Electoral College votes necessary to win the White House despite Hillary's victory over popular votes. Candidates can win the popular vote and lose the electoral college. Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour. Key states, also known as swing states or battleground states or purple states, are highly competitive states that have historically swung between voting for different parties in presidential elections. The highstakes game of winning over the swing states means candidates spend more budget and effort to win them. Which of the following can best express the essential information in the sentence: "Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour:'? a. Key states with large populations should be taken by the winner in order to win the election. b. A small margin in the key states with large population has caused a winner takes all system. c. Electoral college, also called a winner-takesall system, is determined by a small margin in the key states. d. The electoral college supports one certain party to become a winner-takes-all in the key states. e. Due to the electoral college, even slight victory in states with bigger number of electors can determine the result of election.

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Eligible US voters on election day don't select the President directly. They are voting for 538 electors instead, who meet in their respective states and vote for President and Vice President. The number is 538 as there are 100 s,enators (2 per state) and 438 representatives (distributed by population). These electors comprise the Electoral College. Each state, no matter how populous, gets at least three electors, and the remaining are in proportion to the population of the state. For example, California, the most populous state, has 53 congressmen and two senators, and gets 55 electoral votes. Meanwhile, a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. In a sense, on election day voters are telling their states how they want it to use its electoral votes, and the electors vote for the president on behalf of the people in their state. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. To win the presidency, 270 electoral votes are needed to get a majority of the Electoral College. The number of electors cannot change without a constitutional amendment, but electors allocated to each state can change every 10 years. In the electoral college system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a state claims all of the state's electoral votes. For example, Trump claimed all 29 electoral votes of Florida, winning the election over Clinton by a margin of 2.2 per cent. By narrowly winning key battleground states, Trump surpassed the 270 Electoral College votes necessary to win the White House despite Hillary's victory over popular votes. Candidates can win the popular vote and lose the electoral college. Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour. Key states, also known as swing states or battleground states or purple states, are highly competitive states that have historically swung between voting for different parties in presidential elections. The highstakes game of winning over the swing states means candidates spend more budget and effort to win them. Where in the passage we can find information that tells us about the distribution number of electoral vote for each state? a. Paragraph 1 b. Paragraph 2 c. Paragraph 1 and 3 d. Paragraph 3 e. Paragraph 4

3

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Eligible US voters on election day don't select the President directly. They are voting for 538 electors instead, who meet in their respective states and vote for President and Vice President. The number is 538 as there are 100 s,enators (2 per state) and 438 representatives (distributed by population). These electors comprise the Electoral College. Each state, no matter how populous, gets at least three electors, and the remaining are in proportion to the population of the state. For example, California, the most populous state, has 53 congressmen and two senators, and gets 55 electoral votes. Meanwhile, a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. In a sense, on election day voters are telling their states how they want it to use its electoral votes, and the electors vote for the president on behalf of the people in their state. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. To win the presidency, 270 electoral votes are needed to get a majority of the Electoral College. The number of electors cannot change without a constitutional amendment, but electors allocated to each state can change every 10 years. In the electoral college system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a state claims all of the state's electoral votes. For example, Trump claimed all 29 electoral votes of Florida, winning the election over Clinton by a margin of 2.2 per cent. By narrowly winning key battleground states, Trump surpassed the 270 Electoral College votes necessary to win the White House despite Hillary's victory over popular votes. Candidates can win the popular vote and lose the electoral college. Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour. Key states, also known as swing states or battleground states or purple states, are highly competitive states that have historically swung between voting for different parties in presidential elections. The highstakes game of winning over the swing states means candidates spend more budget and effort to win them. Why does the author mention Trump in paragraph 3? a. To prove that electoral system is the system to elect the US president. b. To inform the readers who the winner of the previous election. c. To explain why 270 votes are necessary to win presidential election. d. To remind us about Trump's victory over Clinton in previous election. e. To exemplify how electoral votes system determines who wins the White House.

1

1

Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

03 Februari 2022 15:59

Eligible US voters on election day don't select the President directly. They are voting for 538 electors instead, who meet in their respective states and vote for President and Vice President. The number is 538 as there are 100 s,enators (2 per state) and 438 representatives (distributed by population). These electors comprise the Electoral College. Each state, no matter how populous, gets at least three electors, and the remaining are in proportion to the population of the state. For example, California, the most populous state, has 53 congressmen and two senators, and gets 55 electoral votes. Meanwhile, a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. In a sense, on election day voters are telling their states how they want it to use its electoral votes, and the electors vote for the president on behalf of the people in their state. Generally, states award all their electoral college votes to whoever won the poll of ordinary voters in the state. To win the presidency, 270 electoral votes are needed to get a majority of the Electoral College. The number of electors cannot change without a constitutional amendment, but electors allocated to each state can change every 10 years. In the electoral college system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a state claims all of the state's electoral votes. For example, Trump claimed all 29 electoral votes of Florida, winning the election over Clinton by a margin of 2.2 per cent. By narrowly winning key battleground states, Trump surpassed the 270 Electoral College votes necessary to win the White House despite Hillary's victory over popular votes. Candidates can win the popular vote and lose the electoral college. Some called the electoral college a 'winner-takes-all' system, as small margins in the key states with large populations (and thus more electors) can tilt the US elections in one party's favour. Key states, also known as swing states or battleground states or purple states, are highly competitive states that have historically swung between voting for different parties in presidential elections. The highstakes game of winning over the swing states means candidates spend more budget and effort to win them. Based on the passage, what can be inferred about presidential election system in the US? a. Every eligible citizen of the US votes for the president directly. b. Each state has the same number of electors no matter how populous it is. c. President of the US is chosen through the Electoral College. d. Winning popular votes means that a candidate wins the presidential election. e. A constitutional amendment cannot change the number of electors

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1

Jawaban terverifikasi
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