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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Okedia O

26 Januari 2022 01:36

Globalization is a subject often talked about today, and no writing can be expected to adequately cover every part of it. However, any aspect of society can be divided into component parts and in analyzing the relative worth of globalization, the four most contentious areas are worth examining. To begin, we need a definition of "globalization", both academically and in the personal effects on our lives. Academically, the term refers to the growing internationalization of the world's economies, financial markets, people and populations, as well as internationalization of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods. Looking at this in a more personal sense, globalization means activities such as watching foreign films, wearing American fashion, buying international brands, eating food in different ethnic restaurants or in fast food chains. It means living in multi-cultural societies, investing in international markets, using the internet, or traveling to other countries for work, study, or pleasure. Globalization is truly TOUCHING ON the lives of almost everyone on earth. One controversial issue is whether globalization is actually "Americanization" that is, a means by which America can spread economic and cultural dominance. "Globalization is certainly bringing changes to the country it reaches, but perhaps change is an essential and natural part of life. We could say that the fact that American products are successful in world markets simply shows that they are well-made, and see nothing more to it than that. However, we could also say that the whole world seems to drink Coca-Cola, watch American TV dramas, and eat at American fast food restaurants. Especially in fi lm, music, and television, there is an overwhelming and growing dominance of US products, mostly at the expense of local economies and culture. The next issue is whether globalization causes inequality. On the one hand, there is evidence that inequalities in global income and poverty are decreasing, as shown by the rise in income and living standards in China. The actual countries that are becoming. Poorer are those that are not open to world trade, such as many nations in Africa. But there is equal evidence that this gap between the rich and the poor, among nations and within nations, is increasing. Market forces give the rich the power to add further to their wealth. Large corporations invest in poorer countries not particularly to help them, but instead so they can make greater profits from lower wage levels, often exploiting the country, and ultimately leaving it more debt-ridden than even before. The role of the internet is also open to debate. English, for example, is the main language of the internet because it is the rich English-speaking countries generating most of the content. Perhaps then, the internet has become a method of cultural takeover, in which Western values dominate and try to intrude upon other legitimate ways of thinking. Contrasting this completely, many people within developing countries see the internet as an opportunity to obtain knowledge and communication from around the world in a way that, before, they would have not thought possible. This gives chances for economic development in many industries, such as tourism-and this is very important in developing countries such as Thailand. The environmental impact of global ization is perhaps the biggest bone of contention. Being connected to the world economy contributes to environmental improvements in some ways. It helps knowledge-sharing, which in tum increases some incomes and improves property-rights, the latter resulting in regulating the distribution and use of agricultural lands more efficiently. Yet, multinational companies have a poor record in environmental protection. Notoriously, industries such as forestry, mining, and fishing, often exploit the many natural resources of poor countries, showing little regard to the long term cost, as in the case of New Guinea and Indonesia. The companies take advantage of less stringent protection policy, which may result in the loss, through rampant and one-sided economic development, of an irreplaceable national treasure. 10. The phrase "touching on" is closest in meaning to .... A. pushing B. caressing C. provoking D. affecting E. blushing

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Bella B

26 Januari 2022 01:36

Globalization is a subject often talked about today, and no writing can be expected to adequately cover every part of it. However, any aspect of society can be divided into component parts and in analyzing the relative worth of globalization, the four most contentious areas are worth examining. To begin, we need a definition of "globalization", both academically and in the personal effects on our lives. Academically, the term refers to the growing internationalization of the world's economies, financial markets, people and populations, as well as internationalization of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods. Looking at this in a more personal sense, globalization means activities such as watching foreign films, wearing American fashion, buying international brands, eating food in different ethnic restaurants or in fast food chains. It means living in multi-cultural societies, investing in international markets, using the internet, or traveling to other countries for work, study, or pleasure. Globalization is truly touching on the lives of almost everyone on earth. One controversial issue is whether globalization is actually "Americanization" that is, a means by which America can spread economic and cultural dominance. "Globalization is certainly bringing changes to the country it reaches, but perhaps change is an essential and natural part of life. We could say that the fact that American products are successful in world markets simply shows that they are well-made, and see nothing more to it than that. However, we could also say that the whole world seems to drink Coca-Cola, watch American TV dramas, and eat at American fast food restaurants. Especially in fi lm, music, and television, there is an overwhelming and growing dominance of US products, mostly at the expense of local economies and culture. The next issue is whether globalization causes inequality. On the one hand, there is evidence that inequalities in global income and poverty are decreasing, as shown by the rise in income and living standards in China. The actual countries that are becoming. Poorer are those that are not open to world trade, such as many nations in Africa. But there is equal evidence that this gap between the rich and the poor, among nations and within nations, is increasing. Market forces give the rich the power to add further to their wealth. Large corporations invest in poorer countries not particularly to help them, but instead so they can make greater profits from lower wage levels, often exploiting the country, and ultimately leaving it more debt-ridden than even before. The role of the internet is also open to debate. English, for example, is the main language of the internet because it is the rich English-speaking countries generating most of the content. Perhaps then, the internet has become a method of cultural takeover, in which Western values dominate and try to intrude upon other legitimate ways of thinking. Contrasting this completely, many people within developing countries see the internet as an opportunity to obtain knowledge and communication from around the world in a way that, before, they would have not thought possible. This gives chances for economic development in many industries, such as tourism-and this is very important in developing countries such as Thailand. The environmental impact of global ization is perhaps the biggest bone of contention. Being connected to the world economy contributes to environmental improvements in some ways. It helps knowledge-sharing, which in tum increases some incomes and improves property-rights, the latter resulting in regulating the distribution and use of agricultural lands more efficiently. Yet, multinational companies have a poor record in environmental protection. Notoriously, industries such as forestry, mining, and fishing, often exploit the many natural resources of poor countries, showing little regard to the long term cost, as in the case of New Guinea and Indonesia. The companies take advantage of less stringent protection policy, which may result in the loss, through rampant and one-sided economic development, of an irreplaceable national treasure. 9. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Differences between global ization and Americanization. B. The impact of globalization in China. C. The Advantage accepting globalization. D. The definition of globalization. E. Problems caused by globalization.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Diandra D

26 Januari 2022 01:36

In recent years, the amount of money spent on advertising has skyrocketed. Expenditures on advertising totaled 40 billion dollars in 1970, 56 billion dollars in 1 980, and a staggering 110 billion dollars by 1988, representing more than two percent of the gross national product of the United States. Furthermore, corporations a e spending more and more money on design, display, packaging, and marketing. While exact figures are not available, conservative estimates indicate that in 1988 businesses spent at least as much on these areas as they did on advertising. Among advertisers, it has become accepted wisdom that in a highly competitive market, corporations must spend more and more money on researching target consumers, attractive packaging and display, and compelling promotional activities. The prodigious amount of money spent on the sales effort has generated some negative consequences. Because of the oversaturation of the market and the struggle for consumers' limited attention, the recent trend has been towards the concentration of power in a small number of giant corporations. Problematically, the monopolization of media capital has led to a situation in which many of the key producers of consumer goods also control the media through which their products are advertised. These conglomerates tend to have limited interests, which results in a restriction of the types of media content and information delivered to the average media Consumer. The concentration of advertising power in the hands of a number of large corporations grants these leviathans a high degree of influence over popular culture and society. While it is traditionally assumed that mass media content is designed for consumers, it is perhaps more accurate to say that the media content is actually geared towards the needs of advertisers. Consider that in 1981 newspapers and magazines brought in 30 billion dollars from their advertisers and a mere 7 billion dollars from their customers. This disparity in income shows who in fact the purveyors of media content are truly beholden to. 8. The author of the passage most likely mentions that newspapers and magazines brought in 30 billion dollars from their advertisers in order to .... A. illustrate a paradoxical relationship in the advertising world B. criticize a commonly occurring business practice C. point out a problem with a long held supposition D. refute an assertion about how typical businesses generate profits E. support an argument about the profitability of the media sector

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Jongdi J

26 Januari 2022 01:36

In recent years, the amount of money spent on advertising has skyrocketed. Expenditures on advertising totaled 40 billion dollars in 1970, 56 billion dollars in 1 980, and a staggering 110 billion dollars by 1988, representing more than two percent of the gross national product of the United States. Furthermore, corporations a e spending more and more money on design, display, packaging, and marketing. While exact figures are not available, conservative estimates indicate that in 1988 businesses spent at least as much on these areas as they did on advertising. Among advertisers, it has become accepted wisdom that in a highly competitive market, corporations must spend more and more money on researching target consumers, attractive packaging and display, and compelling promotional activities. The prodigious amount of money spent on the sales effort has generated some negative consequences. Because of the oversaturation of the market and the struggle for consumers' limited attention, the recent trend has been towards the concentration of power in a small number of giant corporations. Problematically, the monopolization of media capital has led to a situation in which many of the key producers of consumer goods also control the media through which their products are advertised. These conglomerates tend to have limited interests, which results in a restriction of the types of media content and information delivered to the average media Consumer. The concentration of advertising power in the hands of a number of large corporations grants these leviathans a high degree of influence over popular culture and society. While it is traditionally assumed that mass media content is designed for consumers, it is perhaps more accurate to say that the media content is actually geared towards the needs of advertisers. Consider that in 1981 newspapers and magazines brought in 30 billion dollars from their advertisers and a mere 7 billion dollars from their customers. This disparity in income shows who in fact the purveyors of media content are truly beholden to. 7. Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that the author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? A. Advertisers have more control over popular culture than they have ever had in the past. B. One adverse result of the increase in advertising has been the limiting of knowledge available to the typical citizen. C. There are no positive consequences of the concentration of media capital. D. If companies spent less money on advertising and marketing, media monopolization would not occur. E. Media companies do not consider the interests of their customers.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Okedia O

26 Januari 2022 01:36

In recent years, the amount of money spent on advertising has skyrocketed. Expenditures on advertising totaled 40 billion dollars in 1970, 56 billion dollars in 1 980, and a staggering 110 billion dollars by 1988, representing more than two percent of the gross national product of the United States. Furthermore, corporations a e spending more and more money on design, display, packaging, and marketing. While exact figures are not available, conservative estimates indicate that in 1988 businesses spent at least as much on these areas as they did on advertising. Among advertisers, it has become accepted wisdom that in a highly competitive market, corporations must spend more and more money on researching target consumers, attractive packaging and display, and compelling promotional activities. The prodigious amount of money spent on the sales effort has generated some negative consequences. Because of the oversaturation of the market and the struggle for consumers' limited attention, the recent trend has been towards the concentration of power in a small number of giant corporations. Problematically, the monopolization of media capital has led to a situation in which many of the key producers of consumer goods also control the media through which their products are advertised. These conglomerates tend to have limited interests, which results in a restriction of the types of media content and information delivered to the average media Consumer. The concentration of advertising power in the hands of a number of large corporations grants these leviathans a high degree of influence over popular culture and society. While it is traditionally assumed that mass media content is designed for consumers, it is perhaps more accurate to say that the media content is actually geared towards the needs of advertisers. Consider that in 1981 newspapers and magazines brought in 30 billion dollars from their advertisers and a mere 7 billion dollars from their customers. This disparity in income shows who in fact the purveyors of media content are truly beholden to. 6. According to the passage, it can be inferred that in 1988, the amount of money spent on the "sales effort" .... A. represented approximately four percent of the gross national product of the United States B. was expended primarily on packaging, display market research, and promotional efforts C. was no more than twice the amount of money spent on similar activities in 1980 D. can be determined to represent exactly two percent of the United States gross national product E. demonstrates that mass media conglomerates are more concerned about advertisers' interests than consumers' interests

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Bella B

26 Januari 2022 01:36

In recent years, the amount of money spent on advertising has skyrocketed. Expenditures on advertising totaled 40 billion dollars in 1970, 56 billion dollars in 1 980, and a staggering 110 billion dollars by 1988, representing more than two percent of the gross national product of the United States. Furthermore, corporations a e spending more and more money on design, display, packaging, and marketing. While exact figures are not available, conservative estimates indicate that in 1988 businesses spent at least as much on these areas as they did on advertising. Among advertisers, it has become accepted wisdom that in a highly competitive market, corporations must spend more and more money on researching target consumers, attractive packaging and display, and compelling promotional activities. The prodigious amount of money spent on the sales effort has generated some negative consequences. Because of the oversaturation of the market and the struggle for consumers' limited attention, the recent trend has been towards the concentration of power in a small number of giant corporations. Problematically, the monopolization of media capital has led to a situation in which many of the key producers of consumer goods also control the media through which their products are advertised. These conglomerates tend to have limited interests, which results in a restriction of the types of media content and information delivered to the average media Consumer. The concentration of advertising power in the hands of a number of large corporations grants these leviathans a high degree of influence over popular culture and society. While it is traditionally assumed that mass media content is designed for consumers, it is perhaps more accurate to say that the media content is actually geared towards the needs of advertisers. Consider that in 1981 newspapers and magazines brought in 30 billion dollars from their advertisers and a mere 7 billion dollars from their customers. This disparity in income shows who in fact the purveyors of media content are truly beholden to. 5. Which of the following titles would be most appropriate for the passage? A. Advertisers and Consumers: An Examination of Their Complicated Relationship B. Mass Media and Corporate Interests: An Inherent Conflict C. Monopol ization and Its Effect On The Advertising Industry D. Money and Advertising: The Rising Costs of Promoting Consumer Goods E. Concentrated Power and Advertising: Undesirable Consequences of a Modern Trend

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Diandra D

26 Januari 2022 01:36

The spotted hyena, or Crocuta crocuta, found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, is, contrary to popular belief, one of natures fiercest Some early tribes mistook the hyena's distinctive call, which some have equated to hysterical human laughter; for the cries of lost souls, while many others associated the animal with the lords of the underworld. In modern movies, the hyena has most often been caricatured as a buffoon like creature or a villain, preying on the weak. These beliefs have led to the common fallacy that the hyena is primarily a scavenger The reality, however, is that hyenas are predators first and scavengers only through need. Hyena physiology may look comical, but it is designed for pure power. It has been postulated that the laws of a fully-grown hyena are potentially capable of exerting a bite force of 1,000 pounds which would give it one of the most powerful grips in the animal world. he hyena's heart is equally powerful, enabling an adult to run at a steady rate of six miles per hour, with bursts of up to thirty miles per hour. In the wild, hyenas tend to hunt in packs led by a matriarch and have been known to bring down animals as large as the Cape buffalo. It seems that, in the case of the hyena, appearances can certainly be deceiving. 4. The passage best supports the claim that the author of the passage bel ieves the hyena to be ... . A. a commonly misunderstood deadly predator B. prone to scavenging for meals whenever possible C. associated with the lords of the underworld D. with an inappropriate cry E. built more for speed than for endurance

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Jongdi J

26 Januari 2022 01:36

The spotted hyena, or Crocuta crocuta, found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, is, contrary to popular belief, one of natures fiercest Some early tribes mistook the hyena's distinctive call, which some have equated to hysterical human laughter; for the cries of lost souls, while many others associated the animal with the lords of the underworld. In modern movies, the hyena has most often been caricatured as a buffoon like creature or a villain, preying on the weak. These beliefs have led to the common fallacy that the hyena is primarily a scavenger The reality, however, is that hyenas are predators first and scavengers only through need. Hyena physiology may look comical, but it is designed for pure power. It has been postulated that the laws of a fully-grown hyena are potentially capable of exerting a bite force of 1,000 pounds which would give it one of the most powerful grips in the animal world. he hyena's heart is equally powerful, enabling an adult to run at a steady rate of six miles per hour, with bursts of up to thirty miles per hour. In the wild, hyenas tend to hunt in packs led by a matriarch and have been known to bring down animals as large as the Cape buffalo. It seems that, in the case of the hyena, appearances can certainly be deceiving. 3. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? A. The spotted hyena is the most powerful animal found in sub-Saharan Africa. B. It is possible for an animal to look less dangerous than it truly is. C. Animals that hunt in matriarchal packs are able to bring down bigger animals than lone hunters could. D. Early tribes often held mistaken beliefs regarding the animals that shared their territory. E. It is important to be able to run at least six miles an hour in order to bring down animals such as the Cape buffalo.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Okedia O

26 Januari 2022 01:36

The spotted hyena, or Crocuta crocuta, found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, is, contrary to popular belief, one of natures fiercest Some early tribes mistook the hyena's distinctive call, which some have equated to hysterical human laughter; for the cries of lost souls, while many others associated the animal with the lords of the underworld. In modern movies, the hyena has most often been caricatured as a buffoon like creature or a villain, preying on the weak. These beliefs have led to the common fallacy that the hyena is primarily a scavenger The reality, however, is that hyenas are predators first and scavengers only through need. Hyena physiology may look comical, but it is designed for pure power. It has been postulated that the laws of a fully-grown hyena are potentially capable of exerting a bite force of 1,000 pounds which would give it one of the most powerful grips in the animal world. he hyena's heart is equally powerful, enabling an adult to run at a steady rate of six miles per hour, with bursts of up to thirty miles per hour. In the wild, hyenas tend to hunt in packs led by a matriarch and have been known to bring down animals as large as the Cape buffalo. It seems that, in the case of the hyena, appearances can certainly be deceiving. 2. Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the appl ication of the argument presented in the final sentence of the passage to the hyena? A. Many other animals that seem comical are as powerful as the hyena. B. The hyena often walks in a manner that causes it to appear smaller than it is. C. The jaws of hyenas are smaller than those of sharks, and the lion is a faster runner than the hyena over both short and long . D. People who have observed a hyena attack concur that hyenas are fearsome predators. E. Most people unfamiliar with popular beliefs about hyenas find the sight of the animal to be immediately intimidating.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Bella B

26 Januari 2022 01:36

The spotted hyena, or Crocuta crocuta, found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, is, contrary to popular belief, one of natures fiercest Some early tribes mistook the hyena's distinctive call, which some have equated to hysterical human laughter; for the cries of lost souls, while many others associated the animal with the lords of the underworld. In modern movies, the hyena has most often been caricatured as a buffoon like creature or a villain, preying on the weak. These beliefs have led to the common fallacy that the hyena is primarily a scavenger The reality, however, is that hyenas are predators first and scavengers only through need. Hyena physiology may look comical, but it is designed for pure power. It has been postulated that the laws of a fully-grown hyena are potentially capable of exerting a bite force of 1,000 pounds which would give it one of the most powerful grips in the animal world. he hyena's heart is equally powerful, enabling an adult to run at a steady rate of six miles per hour, with bursts of up to thirty miles per hour. In the wild, hyenas tend to hunt in packs led by a matriarch and have been known to bring down animals as large as the Cape buffalo. It seems that, in the case of the hyena, appearances can certainly be deceiving. 1. According to the passage, all of the following are characteristics of hyenas EXCEPT .... A. a tendency to prey upon the weak B. a hierarchical clan structure led by a single female C. dynamic mandibular strength D. vocalizations that some people find unnerving E. a high level of endurance

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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