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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

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Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

The most common causes of tsunamis are underwater earthquakes. To understand underwater earthquakes, you must first understand plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that the lithospehere, or top layer of the Earth, is made up of a series of huge plates. These plates make up the continents and seafloor. They rest on an underlying viscous layer called the asthenosphere. Think of a pie cut into eight sl ices. The pie crust would be the lithosphere and the hot, sticky pie filling underneath would be the asthenosphere. On the earth, these plates are constantly in motion. Moving along each other at a speed of 1 to 2 inches (2,5 - 5 em) per year. The movement occurs most dramatically along fault lines (where the pie is cut). These motions are capable of producing earthquakes and volcanism, which, when they occur at the bottom of the ocean, are two possible sources of tsunamis. When two plates come into contact at a region known as a plate boundary, a heavier plate can slip under a lighter one. This is called subduction. Underwater subduction often leaves enormous "handprints" in the form of deep ocean trenches along the seafloor. In some cases of subduction, part of the seafloor connected to the lighter plate may "snap up" suddenly due to pressure from the sinking plate. This results in an earthquake. The focus of the earthquake is the point within the Earth where the rupture first occurs, rocks break and the first seismic waves are generated. The epicenter is the point on the seafloor directly above the focus. When this place of the plate spans up and sends tons of rock shooting upwar with tremendous force the energy of that force is traQsferred to the water. The energy pushes the water upward above normal sea level. This is the birth of a tsunami. The earthquake that generated the December 26, 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean was a 9,0 on the Richter scale - one of the biggest in recorded history. Implied in the text is that the earthquake will never occur when ... (A) the subduction is evidenced. (B) seismic waves are generated. (C) no fault line of plate tectonics happens. (D) heavier plates and lighter ones break up. (E) ocean trenches lie along the seashore.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

The most common causes of tsunamis are underwater earthquakes. To understand underwater earthquakes, you must first understand plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that the lithospehere, or top layer of the Earth, is made up of a series of huge plates. These plates make up the continents and seafloor. They rest on an underlying viscous layer called the asthenosphere. Think of a pie cut into eight sl ices. The pie crust would be the lithosphere and the hot, sticky pie filling underneath would be the asthenosphere. On the earth, these plates are constantly in motion. Moving along each other at a speed of 1 to 2 inches (2,5 - 5 em) per year. The movement occurs most dramatically along fault lines (where the pie is cut). These motions are capable of producing earthquakes and volcanism, which, when they occur at the bottom of the ocean, are two possible sources of tsunamis. When two plates come into contact at a region known as a plate boundary, a heavier plate can slip under a lighter one. This is called subduction. Underwater subduction often leaves enormous "handprints" in the form of deep ocean trenches along the seafloor. In some cases of subduction, part of the seafloor connected to the lighter plate may "snap up" suddenly due to pressure from the sinking plate. This results in an earthquake. The focus of the earthquake is the point within the Earth where the rupture first occurs, rocks break and the first seismic waves are generated. The epicenter is the point on the seafloor directly above the focus. When this place of the plate spans up and sends tons of rock shooting upwar with tremendous force the energy of that force is traQsferred to the water. The energy pushes the water upward above normal sea level. This is the birth of a tsunami. The earthquake that generated the December 26, 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean was a 9,0 on the Richter scale - one of the biggest in recorded history. Which of the following best states the topic of this text? (A) The birth of a tsunami. (B) The magnitude of tsunamis. (C) Tsunamis in the Indian Ocean. (D) Series of huge plates on the earth. (E) Lithosphere and asthenosphere.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

An entrepreneur is someone who is more than just a business owner. If one is considered an entrepreneur, he/she continuously develops new ideas (niches) for the market. Creativity, that is defined as a process which results in a both original and worthwhile product or a service of a sort, is somewhat synonymous to entrepreneurial endeavors. The competition increases (both in numbers and in innovativeness) as the market broadens and complexities. It is crucial for an entrepreneur to step up the game so as to achieve full potential of his /her business. Creativity spurs new ideas, and new ideas bring new products/services. Additionally, an innovative approach can decrease one's costs and/or improve the quality of the business as a whole. All these add to the competitiveness on the market. However, it is not always easy to be creative or to 'think out of the box' , especially when one's livelihood depends on it. Many creative minds agree on the fact that separation between research and the actual work is unavoidable if qual ity results are in mind. It is advisable to spend some time just observing and collecting impressions regarding a theme - or just noticing consciously everything around us. After some time, one should begin to formulate ideas. Eventually, upon deciding on the specific project that is to be fol lowed through, one should get to work. All these things should be done separately because if done simultaneously they cause chaos - or at least an idea not formed to its full capacity. The mind must be focused on the objectives of each stage to generate beneficial results. Adapted from : www.cleverism.com/creativity-think-out-of-the-box The best word to complete the sentence " .. , upon deciding on the specific project that" in paragraph 3 is ... (A) Directly. (B) Finally. . (C) Immediately. (D) Straightly. (E) Strictly

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

26 Januari 2022 08:12

An entrepreneur is someone who is more than just a business owner. If one is considered an entrepreneur, he/she continuously develops new ideas (niches) for the market. Creativity, that is defined as a process which results in a both original and worthwhile product or a service of a sort, is somewhat synonymous to entrepreneurial endeavors. The competition increases (both in numbers and in innovativeness) as the market broadens and complexities. It is crucial for an entrepreneur to step up the game so as to achieve full potential of his /her business. Creativity spurs new ideas, and new ideas bring new products/services. Additionally, an innovative approach can decrease one's costs and/or improve the quality of the business as a whole. All these add to the competitiveness on the market. However, it is not always easy to be creative or to 'think out of the box' , especially when one's livelihood depends on it. Many creative minds agree on the fact that separation between research and the actual work is unavoidable if qual ity results are in mind. It is advisable to spend some time just observing and collecting impressions regarding a theme - or just noticing consciously everything around us. After some time, one should begin to formulate ideas. Eventually, upon deciding on the specific project that is to be fol lowed through, one should get to work. All these things should be done separately because if done simultaneously they cause chaos - or at least an idea not formed to its full capacity. The mind must be focused on the objectives of each stage to generate beneficial results. Adapted from : www.cleverism.com/creativity-think-out-of-the-box The phrase out of the box has the closest meaning to? (A) very creative. (B) convergent. (C) adjusted. (D) focused. (E) unfocused.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

An entrepreneur is someone who is more than just a business owner. If one is considered an entrepreneur, he/she continuously develops new ideas (niches) for the market. Creativity, that is defined as a process which results in a both original and worthwhile product or a service of a sort, is somewhat synonymous to entrepreneurial endeavors. The competition increases (both in numbers and in innovativeness) as the market broadens and complexities. It is crucial for an entrepreneur to step up the game so as to achieve full potential of his /her business. Creativity spurs new ideas, and new ideas bring new products/services. Additionally, an innovative approach can decrease one's costs and/or improve the quality of the business as a whole. All these add to the competitiveness on the market. However, it is not always easy to be creative or to 'think out of the box' , especially when one's livelihood depends on it. Many creative minds agree on the fact that separation between research and the actual work is unavoidable if qual ity results are in mind. It is advisable to spend some time just observing and collecting impressions regarding a theme - or just noticing consciously everything around us. After some time, one should begin to formulate ideas. Eventually, upon deciding on the specific project that is to be fol lowed through, one should get to work. All these things should be done separately because if done simultaneously they cause chaos - or at least an idea not formed to its full capacity. The mind must be focused on the objectives of each stage to generate beneficial results. Adapted from : www.cleverism.com/creativity-think-out-of-the-box The word *should* has the closest meaning to? (A) compulsion. (B) commitment. (C) responsibility. (D) obligation (E) suggestion.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

In a unique study, researchers at Land University in Sweden have mapped the origins of migratory bird. They used the results to investigate and discover major differences in the immune systems of sedentary and migratory birds. The researchers conclude that migratory species benefit from leaving tropical areas when it is time to rise their young - as moving away from disease in the tropics enables them to survive with a less costly immune system. Analysing the geneoalogy of over 1 ,300 song bird species, passerines, enabled the researchers to establish that both sedentary birds, which do not leave nothern Europe in the winter, and migratory bird, which breed in Europe but spend the winter close to the equator, originate from Africa. The researchers then went on to study the immune system in three different groups: sedentary birds in tropical Africa, European sedentary birds, and migratory bird. Their findings show that African sedentary birds have a more varied and extensive immune system than that of both European sedentary birds and migratory birds. Evolution has quite simply ensured that bird specues migrating to Europe were equipped with a much less variable immune system, as Europe has far fewer diseaes that the tropics. The African sedentary species probably need a more advanced immune system to deal with the richer flore of pathogens to which they are exposed. What really surprised the researchers was that the immune system of migratory birds showed similarity low variation to that of European sedentary birds. After all, migratory birds do not only need to resist diseases in Europe, but alo during their migration and in the tropic. To explain the surprising result, the researchers propose the idea that the costs associated with a strong and complex immune system could be much higher than anyone previously thought. Examples of these costs could be autoimmunity and other immune system diseases such as chronic imflammation. Despite the migratory birds having to deal with pathogens both in Europe and tropical Africa, they have thus lost much of the variation and complexity in their immune system compared to their African ancestors. According to the researchers, this indicates that deal ing with pathogens is the most difficult for the birds the first time they are exposed to them. For migratory birds, this happens in Europe where they rise their young and there are not as many different pathogens. One of the researchers explained that when the migratory birds bred, they had moved away from many diseases and therefore did not need an immune system that was equally varied. Another dvantage was that the risk of damage caused by the immune system dropped considerably if the immune system was less complex. All vertebrates, including human beings, have an immune system built up in a similar way to that of birds. The Lund biologists therefore believe that their findings could also be significant in a broader perspective. Adapted from https//www .sciencedaily .com/releases/20 1 8/04/1 8041 01 03507 .htm Which two groups of birds have a similar immune system? (A) Migratory birds and European sedentary birds. (B) African sedentary birds and migratory birds. (C) European sedentary birds and African sedentary birds. (D) Migratory birds and their ancestors. (E) European sedentary birds and the ancestors of the migratory birds.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

In a unique study, researchers at Land University in Sweden have mapped the origins of migratory bird. They used the results to investigate and discover major differences in the immune systems of sedentary and migratory birds. The researchers conclude that migratory species benefit from leaving tropical areas when it is time to rise their young - as moving away from disease in the tropics enables them to survive with a less costly immune system. Analysing the geneoalogy of over 1 ,300 song bird species, passerines, enabled the researchers to establish that both sedentary birds, which do not leave nothern Europe in the winter, and migratory bird, which breed in Europe but spend the winter close to the equator, originate from Africa. The researchers then went on to study the immune system in three different groups: sedentary birds in tropical Africa, European sedentary birds, and migratory bird. Their findings show that African sedentary birds have a more varied and extensive immune system than that of both European sedentary birds and migratory birds. Evolution has quite simply ensured that bird specues migrating to Europe were equipped with a much less variable immune system, as Europe has far fewer diseaes that the tropics. The African sedentary species probably need a more advanced immune system to deal with the richer flore of pathogens to which they are exposed. What really surprised the researchers was that the immune system of migratory birds showed similarity low variation to that of European sedentary birds. After all, migratory birds do not only need to resist diseases in Europe, but alo during their migration and in the tropic. To explain the surprising result, the researchers propose the idea that the costs associated with a strong and complex immune system could be much higher than anyone previously thought. Examples of these costs could be autoimmunity and other immune system diseases such as chronic imflammation. Despite the migratory birds having to deal with pathogens both in Europe and tropical Africa, they have thus lost much of the variation and complexity in their immune system compared to their African ancestors. According to the researchers, this indicates that deal ing with pathogens is the most difficult for the birds the first time they are exposed to them. For migratory birds, this happens in Europe where they rise their young and there are not as many different pathogens. One of the researchers explained that when the migratory birds bred, they had moved away from many diseases and therefore did not need an immune system that was equally varied. Another dvantage was that the risk of damage caused by the immune system dropped considerably if the immune system was less complex. All vertebrates, including human beings, have an immune system built up in a similar way to that of birds. The Lund biologists therefore believe that their findings could also be significant in a broader perspective. Adapted from https//www .sciencedaily .com/releases/20 1 8/04/1 8041 01 03507 .htm Why does the author mention "what really surprised the researchers" in lines 15-16 (sedentary species probably need a more advanced immune system to deal with the richer flore of pathogens to which they are exposed. What really surprised the researchers was that the immune)? (A) To suggest that the researchers failed in achieving their objectives. (B) To hint that the researchers had. predicted the findings. (C) To emphasize that the research findings were quite unexpected. (D) To indicate that the findings were undesirable. (E) To show that the researchers were happy with the findings.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

26 Januari 2022 08:12

In a unique study, researchers at Land University in Sweden have mapped the origins of migratory bird. They used the results to investigate and discover major differences in the immune systems of sedentary and migratory birds. The researchers conclude that migratory species benefit from leaving tropical areas when it is time to rise their young - as moving away from disease in the tropics enables them to survive with a less costly immune system. Analysing the geneoalogy of over 1 ,300 song bird species, passerines, enabled the researchers to establish that both sedentary birds, which do not leave nothern Europe in the winter, and migratory bird, which breed in Europe but spend the winter close to the equator, originate from Africa. The researchers then went on to study the immune system in three different groups: sedentary birds in tropical Africa, European sedentary birds, and migratory bird. Their findings show that African sedentary birds have a more varied and extensive immune system than that of both European sedentary birds and migratory birds. Evolution has quite simply ensured that bird specues migrating to Europe were equipped with a much less variable immune system, as Europe has far fewer diseaes that the tropics. The African sedentary species probably need a more advanced immune system to deal with the richer flore of pathogens to which they are exposed. What really surprised the researchers was that the immune system of migratory birds showed similarity low variation to that of European sedentary birds. After all, migratory birds do not only need to resist diseases in Europe, but alo during their migration and in the tropic. To explain the surprising result, the researchers propose the idea that the costs associated with a strong and complex immune system could be much higher than anyone previously thought. Examples of these costs could be autoimmunity and other immune system diseases such as chronic imflammation. Despite the migratory birds having to deal with pathogens both in Europe and tropical Africa, they have thus lost much of the variation and complexity in their immune system compared to their African ancestors. According to the researchers, this indicates that deal ing with pathogens is the most difficult for the birds the first time they are exposed to them. For migratory birds, this happens in Europe where they rise their young and there are not as many different pathogens. One of the researchers explained that when the migratory birds bred, they had moved away from many diseases and therefore did not need an immune system that was equally varied. Another dvantage was that the risk of damage caused by the immune system dropped considerably if the immune system was less complex. All vertebrates, including human beings, have an immune system built up in a similar way to that of birds. The Lund biologists therefore believe that their findings could also be significant in a broader perspective. Adapted from https//www .sciencedaily .com/releases/20 1 8/04/1 8041 01 03507 .htm It is implied in paragraph two that (A) migratory birds tend to stay longer near the equator. (B) European and African sedentary birds are of the same species. (C) European sedentary birds return to Africa to raise their young. (D) European sedentary birds fly over the equator. (E) migratory birds live near the equator before they move and breed.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

In a unique study, researchers at Land University in Sweden have mapped the origins of migratory bird. They used the results to investigate and discover major differences in the immune systems of sedentary and migratory birds. The researchers conclude that migratory species benefit from leaving tropical areas when it is time to rise their young - as moving away from disease in the tropics enables them to survive with a less costly immune system. Analysing the geneoalogy of over 1 ,300 song bird species, passerines, enabled the researchers to establish that both sedentary birds, which do not leave nothern Europe in the winter, and migratory bird, which breed in Europe but spend the winter close to the equator, originate from Africa. The researchers then went on to study the immune system in three different groups: sedentary birds in tropical Africa, European sedentary birds, and migratory bird. Their findings show that African sedentary birds have a more varied and extensive immune system than that of both European sedentary birds and migratory birds. Evolution has quite simply ensured that bird specues migrating to Europe were equipped with a much less variable immune system, as Europe has far fewer diseaes that the tropics. The African sedentary species probably need a more advanced immune system to deal with the richer flore of pathogens to which they are exposed. What really surprised the researchers was that the immune system of migratory birds showed similarity low variation to that of European sedentary birds. After all, migratory birds do not only need to resist diseases in Europe, but alo during their migration and in the tropic. To explain the surprising result, the researchers propose the idea that the costs associated with a strong and complex immune system could be much higher than anyone previously thought. Examples of these costs could be autoimmunity and other immune system diseases such as chronic imflammation. Despite the migratory birds having to deal with pathogens both in Europe and tropical Africa, they have thus lost much of the variation and complexity in their immune system compared to their African ancestors. According to the researchers, this indicates that deal ing with pathogens is the most difficult for the birds the first time they are exposed to them. For migratory birds, this happens in Europe where they rise their young and there are not as many different pathogens. One of the researchers explained that when the migratory birds bred, they had moved away from many diseases and therefore did not need an immune system that was equally varied. Another dvantage was that the risk of damage caused by the immune system dropped considerably if the immune system was less complex. All vertebrates, including human beings, have an immune system built up in a similar way to that of birds. The Lund biologists therefore believe that their findings could also be significant in a broader perspective. Adapted from https//www .sciencedaily .com/releases/20 1 8/04/1 8041 01 03507 .htm What is the topic of the text? (A) The diseases of migratory and sedentary birds. (B) The complexity of the immune system of migratory bird. (C) The origins of migratory and sedentary birds. (D) How the immune system of birds responds to diseases. (E) How the immune system of birds changes as they migrate.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

26 Januari 2022 08:12

New research out of Notre Dame is digging into why social media isn't always good for us, especially if you're young and female. Working as an educator, Carmen Papaluca observed a worrying trend with her students. In particular, social media was having a significant negative impact on her students' mental health. For anyone who is a regular user of social media which is most of us these days, this won't come as a surprise. With everyone sharing their 'highlight reels' , Carmen observed, young women find it particularly hard to see their own lives or even their own bodies as good enough. Wanting to understand more about the issue and what could be done, Carmen began a Ph.D. at the University of Notre Dame. The focus of her research is lnstagram use among young women aged 18 to 25. One of the key findings of her work so far is that younger female lnstagram users in her study, late teens and early 20s, found that images on the app made them feel most badly about their bodies. However, women who were sl ightly older (mid 20s) felt the inadequacy around their work and lifestyle. In comparison to the images of the apparently fabulous social lives and careers of others on lnstagram, they felt that their own lives "lacked meaning". The blame of the perceived problems with new technologies gets put entirely on those new technologies. But if we want to find a real solution to these problems, we need to dig a bit deeper. In other words, it's not just lnstagram that is the problem. It's the social pressures put on young women that have been part of our culture for many years that are now becoming amplified by social media. Adapted from https://phys.org/news/201 8-01-instagram-affecting-mental-health.html "In particular, social media was having a significant negative impact on her student's mental health." What is possibly the author's motive in writing the sentence? (A) The information about instagram impacts isn't available. (B) The use of social media is in a level of endangering young female's mental health. (C) Not many people are interested in using instagram and other social media. (D) There is a misconception from researcher and social media users on instagram bad impact. (E) People's awareness about social media use has negatively impacted on female's mental health.

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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