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Titik E, F, dan G ditanahkan sehingga V E = V F = V G = 0 sedangkan V A = 12 volt. Tentukanlah besar tegangan V B , V C, dan V D !

Titik E, F, dan G ditanahkan sehingga VE VF = VG = 0 sedangkan VA = 12 volt. Tentukanlah besar tegangan VB, VC, dan VD!


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F. Afrianto

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Institut Teknologi Bandung

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besar tegangan V B , V C, dan V D berturut-turut adalah 10 V, 3 V, dan 1 V.

 besar tegangan VB, VC, dan VD berturut-turut adalah 10 V, 3 V, dan 1 V.space

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Perhatikan ilustrasi berikut! Untuk menentukanbesar tegangan V B , V C, dan V D , mula-mula kita cari terlebih dahulu hambatan total rangkaian dan arus total, yaitu: sehingga, maka, Sesuai Hukum I Kirchoff maka, Sesuai Hukum I Kirchoff maka, Jadi,besar tegangan V B , V C, dan V D berturut-turut adalah 10 V, 3 V, dan 1 V.

Perhatikan ilustrasi berikut!
 

Untuk menentukan besar tegangan VB, VC, dan VD, mula-mula kita cari terlebih dahulu hambatan total rangkaian dan arus total, yaitu:

begin mathsize 14px style R subscript s subscript 1 end subscript equals 4 plus 2 equals 6 space straight capital omega end style 

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell 1 over R subscript p subscript 1 end subscript end cell equals cell 1 over R subscript s subscript 1 end subscript plus 1 over 6 end cell row blank equals cell 1 over 6 plus 1 over 6 end cell row cell R subscript p subscript 1 end subscript end cell equals cell 3 space straight capital omega end cell end table end style 

begin mathsize 14px style R subscript s subscript 2 end subscript equals R subscript p subscript 1 end subscript plus 7 equals 3 plus 7 equals 10 space straight capital omega end style 

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell 1 over R subscript p subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell 1 over R subscript s subscript 2 end subscript plus 1 over 10 end cell row blank equals cell 1 over 10 plus 1 over 10 end cell row cell R subscript p subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell 5 space straight capital omega end cell end table end style 

begin mathsize 14px style R subscript t o t end subscript equals R subscript p subscript 2 end subscript plus 1 equals 5 plus 1 equals 6 space straight capital omega end style 

sehingga,

begin mathsize 14px style I subscript t o t end subscript equals V subscript t o t end subscript over R subscript t o t end subscript equals fraction numerator 0 minus 12 over denominator 6 end fraction equals negative 2 space straight A end style  

maka,

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript A B end subscript end cell equals cell I subscript t o t end subscript cross times R subscript A B end subscript end cell row cell V subscript B minus V subscript A end cell equals cell negative 2 left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis end cell row cell V subscript B end cell equals cell 12 minus 2 end cell row blank equals cell 10 space straight V end cell end table end style  

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript B E end subscript end cell equals cell I subscript 2 cross times R subscript B E end subscript end cell row cell V subscript E minus V subscript B end cell equals cell 10 I subscript 2 end cell row cell 0 minus 10 end cell equals cell 10 I subscript 2 end cell row cell I subscript 2 end cell equals cell negative 1 space straight A end cell end table end style 

Sesuai Hukum I Kirchoff maka,

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell I subscript 1 end cell equals cell I subscript t minus I subscript 2 end cell row blank equals cell negative 2 minus open parentheses negative 1 close parentheses end cell row blank equals cell negative 1 space straight A end cell end table end style 

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript B C end subscript end cell equals cell I subscript 1 cross times R subscript B C end subscript end cell row cell V subscript C minus V subscript B end cell equals cell negative 1 left parenthesis 7 right parenthesis end cell row cell V subscript C end cell equals cell negative 7 plus 10 end cell row blank equals cell 3 space straight V end cell end table end style 

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript C F end subscript end cell equals cell I subscript 4 cross times R subscript C F end subscript end cell row cell V subscript F minus V subscript C end cell equals cell 6 I subscript 4 end cell row cell 0 minus 3 end cell equals cell 6 I subscript 4 end cell row cell I subscript 2 end cell equals cell negative 0 comma 5 space straight A end cell end table end style 

Sesuai Hukum I Kirchoff maka,

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell I subscript 3 end cell equals cell I subscript 1 minus I subscript 4 end cell row blank equals cell negative 1 minus open parentheses negative 0 comma 5 close parentheses end cell row blank equals cell negative 0 comma 5 space straight A end cell end table end style 

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript C D end subscript end cell equals cell I subscript 3 cross times R subscript C D end subscript end cell row cell V subscript D minus V subscript C end cell equals cell negative 0 comma 5 left parenthesis 4 right parenthesis end cell row cell V subscript D minus 3 end cell equals cell negative 2 plus 3 end cell row cell V subscript D end cell equals cell 1 space straight V end cell end table end style 

Jadi, besar tegangan VB, VC, dan VD berturut-turut adalah 10 V, 3 V, dan 1 V.space

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