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Perhatikan reaksi berikut ini: 2 ClO 2 ​ ( a q ) + 2 OH − ( a q ) → ClO 3 − ​ ( a q ) + ClO 2 − ​ ( a q ) + H 2 ​ O ( l ) Data pengukuran laju awal adalah sebagai berikut. a. Apa jenis reaksi di atas? b. Tentukan orde reaksi terhadap reaktan dan total orde reaksinya. c. Tentukan persamaan laju reaksinya. d. Hitung nilai tetapan laju reaksinya, k , (termasuk satuannya)! e. Bagaimana laju reaksinya bila [ ClO 2 ​ ] dinaikan menjadi 3 kali dan [ OH − ] dinaikan 2 kali?

Perhatikan reaksi berikut ini:

 

Data pengukuran laju awal adalah sebagai berikut.
 


 

a. Apa jenis reaksi di atas?

b. Tentukan orde reaksi terhadap reaktan dan total orde reaksinya.

c. Tentukan persamaan laju reaksinya.

d. Hitung nilai tetapan laju reaksinya, k, (termasuk satuannya)!

e. Bagaimana laju reaksinya bila  dinaikan menjadi 3 kali dan  dinaikan 2 kali?space 

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S. Lubis

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Sumatera Utara

Jawaban terverifikasi

Jawaban

laju reaksinya menjadi 18 kali laju reaksi awal.

laju reaksinya menjadi 18 kali laju reaksi awal.space 

Pembahasan

a. Menentukan jenis reaksi Jenis reaksinya adalah reaksi oksidasi dan reduksi autoredoks atau disproposionasipada suasana basakarena karena ada ion hidroksida pada reaktan.Reaksi autoredoks(disproporsionasi) adalahReaksiredoks dimana hanya satu jenis atom yang bilangan oksidasinya berubah. Jadi jenis reaksinya adalah reaksi disproposionasi atau autoredoks. b. Menentukan orde reaksi misal persamaan laju reaksinya adalah: Pada perobaan 1 dan 2: sama tetapi berbeda maka, Jadi orde reaksi terhadap adalah 2. Pada perobaan 2dan 3: sama tetapi berbeda maka, Jadi orde reaksi terhadap adalah 1. c. Menentukan persamaan laju reaksi Berdasarkan data pada soal (b) di dapat bahwa nilai x=2 dan y=1, maka hukum laju reaksinya adalah: Jadi persamaan laju reaksinya adalah . d. Menghitung nilai tetapan laju reaksi Untuk menentukan nilai tetapan laju reaksi kita tinggal memasukan salah satu data eksperimen ke hukum laju reaksi misal percobaan 1: Jadi nilai konstanta laju reaksinya adalah . e. Menentukan laju reaksi apabila dinaikan menjadi 3 kali dan dinaikan 2 kali Jadi laju reaksinya menjadi 18 kali laju reaksi awal.

a. Menentukan jenis reaksi

Jenis reaksinya adalah reaksi oksidasi dan reduksi autoredoks atau disproposionasi pada suasana basa karena karena ada ion hidroksida pada reaktan. Reaksi autoredoks (disproporsionasi) adalah Reaksi redoks dimana hanya satu jenis atom yang bilangan oksidasinya berubah.

Jadi jenis reaksinya adalah reaksi disproposionasi atau autoredoks.
 

b. Menentukan orde reaksi

misal persamaan laju reaksinya adalah:

v double bond k open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets to the power of x open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets to the power of y 

  • Pada perobaan 1 dan 2: open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets sama tetapi open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets berbeda maka,
    table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell v subscript 1 over v subscript 2 end cell equals cell fraction numerator k space open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 1 superscript x open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 1 superscript y over denominator k space open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 2 superscript x open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 2 superscript y end fraction end cell row cell fraction numerator 5 comma 77 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent over denominator 2 comma 32 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent end fraction end cell equals cell fraction numerator k space open square brackets 0 comma 050 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets subscript 1 superscript x open square brackets 1 comma 00 close square brackets subscript 1 superscript y over denominator k space open square brackets 0 comma 100 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets subscript 2 superscript x open square brackets 1 comma 00 close square brackets subscript 2 superscript y end fraction end cell row cell 1 fourth end cell equals cell open parentheses fraction numerator 0 comma 050 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent over denominator 0 comma 100 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent end fraction close parentheses to the power of italic x end cell row cell 1 fourth end cell equals cell open parentheses 1 half close parentheses blank to the power of italic x end cell row x equals 2 end table 
    Jadi orde reaksi terhadap Cl O subscript bold 2 adalah 2.space 
  • Pada perobaan 2 dan 3:  open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square bracketssama tetapi  open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square bracketsberbeda maka,
    table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell v subscript 2 over v subscript 3 end cell equals cell fraction numerator k space open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 2 superscript x open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 2 superscript y over denominator k space open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 3 superscript x open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 3 superscript y end fraction end cell row cell fraction numerator 2 comma 32 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent over denominator 1 comma 15 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent end fraction end cell equals cell fraction numerator k space open square brackets 1 comma 00 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets subscript 2 superscript x open square brackets 0 comma 100 close square brackets subscript 2 superscript y over denominator k space open square brackets 1 comma 00 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets subscript 3 superscript x open square brackets 0 comma 050 close square brackets subscript 3 superscript y end fraction end cell row 2 equals cell open parentheses fraction numerator 0 comma 100 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent over denominator 0 comma 050 space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent end fraction close parentheses to the power of italic y end cell row 2 equals cell open parentheses 2 close parentheses to the power of italic x end cell row x equals 1 end table 
    Jadi orde reaksi terhadap begin bold style open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets end style adalah 1.

 

c. Menentukan persamaan laju reaksi

Berdasarkan data pada soal (b) di dapat bahwa nilai x=2 dan y=1, maka hukum laju reaksinya adalah:

v double bond k open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets squared open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets to the power of 1 

Jadi persamaan laju reaksinya adalah italic v bold equals italic k begin bold style open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets end style to the power of bold 2 begin bold style open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets end style to the power of bold 1.
 

d. Menghitung nilai tetapan laju reaksi

Untuk menentukan nilai tetapan laju reaksi kita tinggal memasukan salah satu data eksperimen ke hukum laju reaksi misal percobaan 1:

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row v equals cell k open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets squared open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets to the power of 1 end cell row k equals cell fraction numerator v over denominator open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets squared open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets to the power of 1 end fraction end cell row k equals cell fraction numerator 5 comma 77 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 space end exponent mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space over denominator open square brackets 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets squared open square brackets 1 comma 00 space space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets to the power of 1 end fraction end cell row k equals cell fraction numerator 5 comma 77 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 space end exponent mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent space over denominator open square brackets 25 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 4 end exponent space mol squared space L to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent close square brackets open square brackets 1 comma 00 space space mol space L to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent close square brackets to the power of 1 end fraction end cell row k equals cell 23 comma 08 space L squared space mol to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space s to the power of negative sign 1 end exponent end cell end table 
Jadi nilai konstanta laju reaksinya adalah Error converting from MathML to accessible text..
 

e. Menentukan laju reaksi apabila begin bold style open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets end style dinaikan menjadi 3 kali dan begin bold style open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets end style dinaikan 2 kali

table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell v subscript 0 end cell equals cell k open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 0 superscript 2 open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 0 superscript 1 end cell row cell open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 1 end cell equals cell 3 open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 0 space end cell row cell open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 1 end cell equals cell 2 open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 0 space maka end cell row cell v subscript 1 end cell equals cell k open square brackets 3 space Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 0 superscript 2 open square brackets 2 space O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 0 superscript 1 end cell row cell v subscript 1 end cell equals cell k open square brackets 9 space Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 0 open square brackets 2 space O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 0 end cell row cell v subscript 1 end cell equals cell 18 k open square brackets Cl O subscript 2 close square brackets subscript 0 open square brackets O H to the power of minus sign close square brackets subscript 0 end cell row cell v subscript 1 end cell equals cell 18 v subscript 0 end cell end table 

Jadi laju reaksinya menjadi 18 kali laju reaksi awal.space 

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