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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

A popular maxim in the business world states that leaders are supposed to "do the right thing" and managers are supposed to "do things right." There a re a number of different management styles that can be effective; some managers rely on hard quantitative data, including detailed summaries of all business transactions and tables of numbers, while others focus more on qualitative data, such as reports from the field and recent trends in the financial world. Since the late 1 960s, managers in the business world have had access to a new tool to aid them in decision-making . Advances in computer technology and modeling software led to the i ntroduction of Data Support Systems (DSS). This new technology resu lted from a combination of theoretical work carried out in the 1950s on how managers made decisions and technical innovations in computers systems achieved in the early 1960s. A wealth of literature has been produced on DSS since that time, detailing both practical applications and theoretical investigations into the subject. Stephen Alter an early innovator in the DSS field. outlined the three major characteristics of DSS According to Alter, a DSS should be designed to facilitate th decision making process, to support rather than automate decisions, and to be able to quickly adapt to the changing needs of managers. Within this broad framework, programmers have developed a number of different data support systems. Some systems aid the manager by making a huge amount of data readily available. Others contain theoretical models pertaining to specific decision making scenarios. A data support system can be designed for managers who typically arrive at a decision independently or or those who wish to coordinate information among a n umber of individuals in order to arrive at a joint decision . A DSS can be more than just a simple tool for data mining or data warehousing. Advanceed in artificial intelligence capabilities have led to DSS that feature interactive query capabilities and are sophisticated enough to handle problems that are not clearly defined or clearly structured. The passage suggests which of the following about the introduction of DSS? A. The development of DSS has rad ically changed the way managers make decisions. B. At the time DSS was introduced , managers had few quantitative tools to aid in decision making. C. The DSS was designed to help managers who relied mostly on quantitative analysis when making decisions. D. The development of DSS would not have been possible prior to the 1960s. E. Managers who use qualitative factors in decision making were not aided by the introduction of DSS.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

A popular maxim in the business world states that leaders are supposed to "do the right thing" and managers are supposed to "do things right." There a re a number of different management styles that can be effective; some managers rely on hard quantitative data, including detailed summaries of all business transactions and tables of numbers, while others focus more on qualitative data, such as reports from the field and recent trends in the financial world. Since the late 1 960s, managers in the business world have had access to a new tool to aid them in decision-making . Advances in computer technology and modeling software led to the i ntroduction of Data Support Systems (DSS). This new technology resu lted from a combination of theoretical work carried out in the 1950s on how managers made decisions and technical innovations in computers systems achieved in the early 1960s. A wealth of literature has been produced on DSS since that time, detailing both practical applications and theoretical investigations into the subject. Stephen Alter an early innovator in the DSS field. outlined the three major characteristics of DSS According to Alter, a DSS should be designed to facilitate th decision making process, to support rather than automate decisions, and to be able to quickly adapt to the changing needs of managers. Within this broad framework, programmers have developed a number of different data support systems. Some systems aid the manager by making a huge amount of data readily available. Others contain theoretical models pertaining to specific decision making scenarios. A data support system can be designed for managers who typically arrive at a decision independently or or those who wish to coordinate information among a n umber of individuals in order to arrive at a joint decision . A DSS can be more than just a simple tool for data mining or data warehousing. Advanceed in artificial intelligence capabilities have led to DSS that feature interactive query capabilities and are sophisticated enough to handle problems that are not clearly defined or clearly structured. According to the passage, DSS have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT ... . A. application of theoretical models to specific problems B. automation of the decision making process C. provision of large amounts of information D. facilitation of communication among managers E. storage of data and information

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

Have you ever had the desire to wander the world and see what was out there? While some people prefer to stay in the comfort of their own home, others have been bitten by the travel bug and can't wait to explore the world. Exotic places call to them. "Come visit mo and I will show you my mysteries," they say. Every year millions of people pack their suitcases or put on backpacks and flock to visit the seven continents of the world. They wander through the castles and museums of Europe, and the cities and natural wonders of North and South America. Some visit the vast exotic cultures of Asia, Africa and the Middle East. The great outback of Australia is a wonderland for those who go there. And a few lucky people even make it to the most mysterious continent on earth-Antarctica. Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the earth and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them a feel ing of accomplishment, and it makes them feel alive. So save some money, get your passport ready, and see the world. It will change your life forever. According to the text the following sentences are correct, EXCEPT .... A. not all people like travelling B. no one has been to Antarctica C. travellers see both unique places and cultures D. travelling can make people's lives more meaningful E. the countries visited are spread in seven continents

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

In 1980, Michael Porter released the seminal book Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, which shared his work on techniques that businesses can use to achieve and maintain dominance in their respective markets. According to Porter, an engineer who later became an economist, differentiation, cost leadership, and market segmentation are the foremost generic strategies for dominating the market. Strategic scope and strategic strength are two additional variables to the equation and help define the terms under which the three previous conditions are to be analyzed. Porter contends that scope is considered a "demand side" variable that illustrates the size and makeup of the desired market. On the other hand, strategic strength is deemed a "supply-side" factor as it addresses the competency of the company itself. To help others visualize his theory, Porter created a diagram that depicts the overlapping of these specifications. In the concluding summary of his research, Porter points out that, surprisingly, companies with both high and low market share are both profitable; the companies that suffer most in that respect are those that fail in the middle. Porter explains that the companies with high market share are those that have utilized cost leadership while the companies with low market share have taken advantage of market segmentation to hone in on a small but financially rewarding niche. Companies in the middle range, however, inevitably are those that lack a generic strategy and, therefore, are not as profitable. Which of the following, if true, would most undermine Porter's point in the second paragraph about companies with low market share? A. Many such companies also util ize cost leadership within their small but financially rewarding niche. B. Few such companies fail to take advantage of market segmentation. C. All such companies employ generic strategies at least as well as those with higher market share. D. Many such companies formerly had larger market share and have lost it due to failure to adapt to changes in demand-side variables. E. Porter's research excluded the majority of such companies since data on their profit ability was unavailable

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

26 Januari 2022 08:09

In 1980, Michael Porter released the seminal book Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, which shared his work on techniques that businesses can use to achieve and maintain dominance in their respective markets. According to Porter, an engineer who later became an economist, differentiation, cost leadership, and market segmentation are the foremost generic strategies for dominating the market. Strategic scope and strategic strength are two additional variables to the equation and help define the terms under which the three previous conditions are to be analyzed. Porter contends that scope is considered a "demand side" variable that illustrates the size and makeup of the desired market. On the other hand, strategic strength is deemed a "supply-side" factor as it addresses the competency of the company itself. To help others visualize his theory, Porter created a diagram that depicts the overlapping of these specifications. In the concluding summary of his research, Porter points out that, surprisingly, companies with both high and low market share are both profitable; the companies that suffer most in that respect are those that fail in the middle. Porter explains that the companies with high market share are those that have utilized cost leadership while the companies with low market share have taken advantage of market segmentation to hone in on a small but financially rewarding niche. Companies in the middle range, however, inevitably are those that lack a generic strategy and, therefore, are not as profitable. According to the passage, what is the distinction 9 between the variables of strategic strength and strategic scope? A. Strategic strength is a demand side variable as it concerns the strength of interest for a good or service in the market while strategic scope s a supply side variable as it concerns the size and complexity of the companies that respond to market demands. B. Strategic strength is a supply-side variable that focuses upon the aspects of the companies themselves that meet demand while strategic scope is a demand side variable that addresses the make-up of the consumers of the goods and services supplied. C. Strategic strength is a more important variable for companies to consider than strategic scope as the former is internal to the company and thus controllable while the latter is external and thus more difficult for a company to control. D. Strategic scope is a more important variable for companies to consider than strategic strength as the characteristics of the company focused on by the latter are irrelevant if the company does not first consider the characteristics of the market within the former. E. Since it is a supply side variable, strategic strength helps to define the terms under which differentiation, cost leadership, and market segmentation are to be analyzed while strategic scope, as a demand side variable, does not.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

In 1980, Michael Porter released the seminal book Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, which shared his work on techniques that businesses can use to achieve and maintain dominance in their respective markets. According to Porter, an engineer who later became an economist, differentiation, cost leadership, and market segmentation are the foremost generic strategies for dominating the market. Strategic scope and strategic strength are two additional variables to the equation and help define the terms under which the three previous conditions are to be analyzed. Porter contends that scope is considered a "demand side" variable that illustrates the size and makeup of the desired market. On the other hand, strategic strength is deemed a "supply-side" factor as it addresses the competency of the company itself. To help others visualize his theory, Porter created a diagram that depicts the overlapping of these specifications. In the concluding summary of his research, Porter points out that, surprisingly, companies with both high and low market share are both profitable; the companies that suffer most in that respect are those that fail in the middle. Porter explains that the companies with high market share are those that have utilized cost leadership while the companies with low market share have taken advantage of market segmentation to hone in on a small but financially rewarding niche. Companies in the middle range, however, inevitably are those that lack a generic strategy and, therefore, are not as profitable. Which of the following may be inferred based upon the discussion of market share in the passage? A. There is not necessarily a direct relationship between market share and profitability. B. No company in the middle range of market share is profitable. C. Companies with higher market share are the most profitable companies. D. No company that is not profitable is not a company in either the high or low ranges of market share. E. If a company pursues a strategy of cost leadership, then it will gain high market share.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Melati M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

In 1980, Michael Porter released the seminal book Competitive Strategy Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, which shared his work on techniques that businesses can use to achieve and maintain dominance in their respective markets. According to Porter, an engineer who later became an economist, differentiation, cost leadership, and market segmentation are the foremost generic strategies for dominating the market. Strategic scope and strategic strength are two additional variables to the equation and help define the terms under which the three previous conditions are to be analyzed. Porter contends that scope is considered a "demand side" variable that illustrates the size and makeup of the desired market. On the other hand, strategic strength is deemed a "supply-side" factor as it addresses the competency of the company itself. To help others visualize his theory, Porter created a diagram that depicts the overlapping of these specifications. In the concluding summary of his research, Porter points out that, surprisingly, companies with both high and low market share are both profitable; the companies that suffer most in that respect are those that fail in the middle. Porter explains that the companies with high market share are those that have utilized cost leadership while the companies with low market share have taken advantage of market segmentation to hone in on a small but financially rewarding niche. Companies in the middle range, however, inevitably are those that lack a generic strategy and, therefore, are not as profitable. The main purpose of the passage is to .... A. offer evidence of a recently emergent trend in business modeling B. argue that utilization of cost leadershipbest indicator of profitability for a company C. describe a business study and discuss one of its unexpected findings for companies D. show how following Porter's strategies can create increased market share for companies E. disprove the traditional bel ief that one must increase market share to be profitable

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Mawar M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

For many years, scientists have recognized a number of symbiotic relationships that develop between human and animal species. Typically, these relationships have been categorized as mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal in the cases of wild animals, and domestication in the cases of livestock and companion animals. Recent studies, however, suggest that there should perhaps be another category to describe those creatures that seem able to set e within human societies, benefiting from certain human behaviors while nonetheless remaining wild. In order to more fully comprehend this phenomenon, commonly referred to as synanthropy, a new breed of scientists has developed. Traditionally, the fields considered most prestigious and thus most likely to draw financial support have been those centering on exotic and endangered animals, or those animals actively used as labor, companionship, or food stock by humans. Species that can be characterized as having a synanthropic relationship with humans, however, fall into neither category, as they tend to be both common and local. Ironically, it is those very species with which humans must interact on a daily basis. So perhaps it is fortuitous that, at long last curious individuals have begun to study those species on a more serious basis. Urban wildlife, such as rats and pigeons, may not draw the admiring looks that a cassowary or koala do, but most people living in metropolitan areas will interact with the former on a regular basis while never seeing the letter outside of a zoo. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? A. The fact that an animal does not appeal to our aesthetic sensibil ities or to our sense of responsibility does not indicate that the animal is not worthy of legitimate scholarship. B. Pigeons, like rats, may live within human society but they have never become fully incorporated into the ecosystem of the city remaining, instead, perpetual outsiders. C. If scientists were willing to dedicate their time to less glamorous pursuits, humans would be better able to coexist with the many other living organisms found on the planet. D. The governments of the world have a responsibil ity to support scientific studies of the plants and animals found within that government's area of dominion. E. It is more important to study the animal species that share our immediate territory than it is to study those that we are likely to see only inside of zoos.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Fifa H

26 Januari 2022 08:09

For many years, scientists have recognized a number of symbiotic relationships that develop between human and animal species. Typically, these relationships have been categorized as mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal in the cases of wild animals, and domestication in the cases of livestock and companion animals. Recent studies, however, suggest that there should perhaps be another category to describe those creatures that seem able to set e within human societies, benefiting from certain human behaviors while nonetheless remaining wild. In order to more fully comprehend this phenomenon, commonly referred to as synanthropy, a new breed of scientists has developed. Traditionally, the fields considered most prestigious and thus most likely to draw financial support have been those centering on exotic and endangered animals, or those animals actively used as labor, companionship, or food stock by humans. Species that can be characterized as having a synanthropic relationship with humans, however, fall into neither category, as they tend to be both common and local. Ironically, it is those very species with which humans must interact on a daily basis. So perhaps it is fortuitous that, at long last curious individuals have begun to study those species on a more serious basis. Urban wildlife, such as rats and pigeons, may not draw the admiring looks that a cassowary or koala do, but most people living in metropolitan areas will interact with the former on a regular basis while never seeing the letter outside of a zoo. According to the passage, all of the following studies would traditionally be likely to receive funding EXCEPT .... A. an experiment designed to monitor milk production in dairy cows in order to better regulate vitamin dosages B. a survey of the population of aye-ayes, a rare type of lemur found primarily in the rainforests of Madagascar C. a research group dedicated to mapping the location of raccoon habitats against areas of high human population density D. a joint venture between an animal shelter and correctional facil ity designed to measure the effect of animal companionship on prisoners E. tagging endangered Cal ifornia condors at birth and following them for years in order to monitor birth and death rates

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Matahari M

26 Januari 2022 08:09

For many years, scientists have recognized a number of symbiotic relationships that develop between human and animal species. Typically, these relationships have been categorized as mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal in the cases of wild animals, and domestication in the cases of livestock and companion animals. Recent studies, however, suggest that there should perhaps be another category to describe those creatures that seem able to set e within human societies, benefiting from certain human behaviors while nonetheless remaining wild. In order to more fully comprehend this phenomenon, commonly referred to as synanthropy, a new breed of scientists has developed. Traditionally, the fields considered most prestigious and thus most likely to draw financial support have been those centering on exotic and endangered animals, or those animals actively used as labor, companionship, or food stock by humans. Species that can be characterized as having a synanthropic relationship with humans, however, fall into neither category, as they tend to be both common and local. Ironically, it is those very species with which humans must interact on a daily basis. So perhaps it is fortuitous that, at long last curious individuals have begun to study those species on a more serious basis. Urban wildlife, such as rats and pigeons, may not draw the admiring looks that a cassowary or koala do, but most people living in metropolitan areas will interact with the former on a regular basis while never seeing the letter outside of a zoo. The author of the passage refers to the cassowary in order to .... A. contrast its exoticism with the more familiar figures of rats and pigeons B. refute the claim that exotic animals cannot also have a symbiotic relationship with humans C. draw a parallel between the plights of exotic animals in other countries with those in the United States D. underscore the need to support funding to protect animals whether they be prolific or not E. demonstrate one example of an animal that is both urbanized and yet still endangered

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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