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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Jongdi J

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Delivering medicine to the world’s poorest people is a challenge. Hot, poor places such as Tanzania have many microbes but microscopic health budgets. Dangerous myths deter many sick rural folk from seeking medical help. Even if they do seek help, it is often unavailable, for they do not have the money to pay for it, and their government rarely has the money to give it to them for free. Because they cannot afford adequate health care, poor people are sick a lot of the time. And because they are sick a lot of the time, they find it hard to put in the long hours of productive labour that might make them less poor. All hope is not lost, however. A recent experiment in Tanzania has shown that a small health budget can go a long way, provided that the money is spent with care. With the help of a Canadian charity, the Tanzanian health ministry set up a health project in two rural districts, with a combined population of about 700,000. Five years ago, annual health spending in Tanzania was about 8 a head. This figure included an estimate for the annual cost of trained staff. The charity added 2 a head to the pot, on condition that it was spent rationally. By this, the donors meant that the amount of money spent on fighting a particular disease should reflect the burden that disease imposed on the local population. This may sound obvious; however, in this region, no one had a clue which diseases caused the most trouble, so the first task was to find out. Researchers were sent out to carry out a door-to-door survey, asking representative households whether anyone had been ill or died recently, and if so with what symptoms. These raw numbers were then crunched to produce a ‘burden of disease’ profile for the two districts. In other words, researchers sought to measure how many years of life were being lost to each disease, including the damage done to families when breadwinners die. They then compared their results with the amount spent by the local health authorities on each disease and found that it bore no relation whatsoever to the harm which the disease inflicted on local people. Some diseases were horribly neglected, such as malaria, which accounted for 30% of the years of life lost but only 5% of the health budget. Other conditions, meanwhile, attracted more than their fair share of cash. Tuberculosis, which accounted for less than 4% of years of life lost, received 22% of the budget. This tiny infusion of cash from the Canadians, in the form of an extra 2 a head, was enough to allow the districts health authorities to make their spending reflect the disease burden. The results of all this were stunning. Infant mortality fell by 28% between 1999 and 2000 and the proportion of children dying before their fifth birthday dropped by 14%. 19. Which of the following statements about the text is FALSE? (A) The additional amount donated by the Canadian charity was carefully spent (B) The Budget allocated for each person in cluded the training cost for the medical staff (C) The presence of myth in Tanzanian may have discouraged people to go to doctors (D) A serious disease probably affected not only the patient but also the family (E) The amount of budget allocted to cach disease depended on how harmful a discase was

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Okedia O

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Delivering medicine to the world’s poorest people is a challenge. Hot, poor places such as Tanzania have many microbes but microscopic health budgets. Dangerous myths deter many sick rural folk from seeking medical help. Even if they do seek help, it is often unavailable, for they do not have the money to pay for it, and their government rarely has the money to give it to them for free. Because they cannot afford adequate health care, poor people are sick a lot of the time. And because they are sick a lot of the time, they find it hard to put in the long hours of productive labour that might make them less poor. All hope is not lost, however. A recent experiment in Tanzania has shown that a small health budget can go a long way, provided that the money is spent with care. With the help of a Canadian charity, the Tanzanian health ministry set up a health project in two rural districts, with a combined population of about 700,000. Five years ago, annual health spending in Tanzania was about 8 a head. This figure included an estimate for the annual cost of trained staff. The charity added 2 a head to the pot, on condition that it was spent rationally. By this, the donors meant that the amount of money spent on fighting a particular disease should reflect the burden that disease imposed on the local population. This may sound obvious; however, in this region, no one had a clue which diseases caused the most trouble, so the first task was to find out. Researchers were sent out to carry out a door-to-door survey, asking representative households whether anyone had been ill or died recently, and if so with what symptoms. These raw numbers were then crunched to produce a ‘burden of disease’ profile for the two districts. In other words, researchers sought to measure how many years of life were being lost to each disease, including the damage done to families when breadwinners die. They then compared their results with the amount spent by the local health authorities on each disease and found that it bore no relation whatsoever to the harm which the disease inflicted on local people. Some diseases were horribly neglected, such as malaria, which accounted for 30% of the years of life lost but only 5% of the health budget. Other conditions, meanwhile, attracted more than their fair share of cash. Tuberculosis, which accounted for less than 4% of years of life lost, received 22% of the budget. This tiny infusion of cash from the Canadians, in the form of an extra 2 a head, was enough to allow the districts health authorities to make their spending reflect the disease burden. The results of all this were stunning. Infant mortality fell by 28% between 1999 and 2000 and the proportion of children dying before their fifth birthday dropped by 14%. 18 The term a ‘burden of disease’ in paragraph 3 means ___ (A) The worse the disease the more the burden (B) The relative effects of different diseases on a society (C) A disease is burdensome for the poor (D) Each society and family has its own burden caused by disease (E) A disease affects not only the sick but also the breadwinner

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Bella B

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Delivering medicine to the world’s poorest people is a challenge. Hot, poor places such as Tanzania have many microbes but microscopic health budgets. Dangerous myths deter many sick rural folk from seeking medical help. Even if they do seek help, it is often unavailable, for they do not have the money to pay for it, and their government rarely has the money to give it to them for free. Because they cannot afford adequate health care, poor people are sick a lot of the time. And because they are sick a lot of the time, they find it hard to put in the long hours of productive labour that might make them less poor. All hope is not lost, however. A recent experiment in Tanzania has shown that a small health budget can go a long way, provided that the money is spent with care. With the help of a Canadian charity, the Tanzanian health ministry set up a health project in two rural districts, with a combined population of about 700,000. Five years ago, annual health spending in Tanzania was about 8 a head. This figure included an estimate for the annual cost of trained staff. The charity added 2 a head to the pot, on condition that it was spent rationally. By this, the donors meant that the amount of money spent on fighting a particular disease should reflect the burden that disease imposed on the local population. This may sound obvious; however, in this region, no one had a clue which diseases caused the most trouble, so the first task was to find out. Researchers were sent out to carry out a door-to-door survey, asking representative households whether anyone had been ill or died recently, and if so with what symptoms. These raw numbers were then crunched to produce a ‘burden of disease’ profile for the two districts. In other words, researchers sought to measure how many years of life were being lost to each disease, including the damage done to families when breadwinners die. They then compared their results with the amount spent by the local health authorities on each disease and found that it bore no relation whatsoever to the harm which the disease inflicted on local people. Some diseases were horribly neglected, such as malaria, which accounted for 30% of the years of life lost but only 5% of the health budget. Other conditions, meanwhile, attracted more than their fair share of cash. Tuberculosis, which accounted for less than 4% of years of life lost, received 22% of the budget. This tiny infusion of cash from the Canadians, in the form of an extra 2 a head, was enough to allow the districts health authorities to make their spending reflect the disease burden. The results of all this were stunning. Infant mortality fell by 28% between 1999 and 2000 and the proportion of children dying before their fifth birthday dropped by 14%. 17. What can be inferred from paragraph 1? (A) People in African countries do not go to doctors due to perilous myth (B) The budget for health in Tanzania is low as there aren't many diseases (C) When people in Tanzania are sick, they have no hope to recover (D) In Tanzania medical treatment is accessible for the poor (E) Poverty and illness in Tanzania are like a vicious cycle

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Diandra D

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Delivering medicine to the world’s poorest people is a challenge. Hot, poor places such as Tanzania have many microbes but microscopic health budgets. Dangerous myths deter many sick rural folk from seeking medical help. Even if they do seek help, it is often unavailable, for they do not have the money to pay for it, and their government rarely has the money to give it to them for free. Because they cannot afford adequate health care, poor people are sick a lot of the time. And because they are sick a lot of the time, they find it hard to put in the long hours of productive labour that might make them less poor. All hope is not lost, however. A recent experiment in Tanzania has shown that a small health budget can go a long way, provided that the money is spent with care. With the help of a Canadian charity, the Tanzanian health ministry set up a health project in two rural districts, with a combined population of about 700,000. Five years ago, annual health spending in Tanzania was about 8 a head. This figure included an estimate for the annual cost of trained staff. The charity added 2 a head to the pot, on condition that it was spent rationally. By this, the donors meant that the amount of money spent on fighting a particular disease should reflect the burden that disease imposed on the local population. This may sound obvious; however, in this region, no one had a clue which diseases caused the most trouble, so the first task was to find out. Researchers were sent out to carry out a door-to-door survey, asking representative households whether anyone had been ill or died recently, and if so with what symptoms. These raw numbers were then crunched to produce a ‘burden of disease’ profile for the two districts. In other words, researchers sought to measure how many years of life were being lost to each disease, including the damage done to families when breadwinners die. They then compared their results with the amount spent by the local health authorities on each disease and found that it bore no relation whatsoever to the harm which the disease inflicted on local people. Some diseases were horribly neglected, such as malaria, which accounted for 30% of the years of life lost but only 5% of the health budget. Other conditions, meanwhile, attracted more than their fair share of cash. Tuberculosis, which accounted for less than 4% of years of life lost, received 22% of the budget. This tiny infusion of cash from the Canadians, in the form of an extra 2 a head, was enough to allow the districts health authorities to make their spending reflect the disease burden. The results of all this were stunning. Infant mortality fell by 28% between 1999 and 2000 and the proportion of children dying before their fifth birthday dropped by 14%. The most suitable title for the text is .... A. The Effects of an Aid Package from a Canadian Charity B. The General Health Condition of Tanzanian People C. A Survey on the Health Condition in Tanzania D. The Difference a Small Increase in a Tiny Health Budget can Make E. Deadly and Virulent Diseases Found among the Tanzanian

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Jongdi J

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama." 15. The purpose of the writer ts to show ___ (A) That the term “reality television program” is not precise (B) Some criticism on reality television programs (C) Various formats that the reality television programs have (D) The maneuvers used in the reality television programs (E) Screen manipulation in the reality television programs

1

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Okedia O

27 Januari 2022 02:28

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama." 14. Which statement is NOT true about Survivor? (A) It is a popular reality TV show (B) Its creator dees not think it shows reality (C) Its participants can become celebrities like those of pop idol (D) lt involves an important element of competition {E) It is considered to be in the same category of shows as The Real World

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Bella B

27 Januari 2022 02:27

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama." 13. The words “heightened documentary” in paragraph 1 means that .... (A) The story in the reality television program is made up (B) The story in the reality lelevisiun program is of a real event (C) The reality lefevision is able to locate people in an ectraordinary situation (D) The reality television focuses on games and quizzes (E) The production of the reality television programs is well - managed

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Diandra D

27 Januari 2022 02:27

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama." 12. In the first line, the writer says “it is claimed” to show that ____ in the first sentence (A) the writer agrees with the statement (B) Everyone agrees with the statement (C) No one agrees with the statement (D) The writer gives his approval to the statement (E) The writer somewhat disagrees with the statement

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Jongdi J

27 Januari 2022 02:27

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama." 11. ‘The topic of this text is____ (A) Critics on reality television programs (B) What reality television programs really are (C) The popularity of reality television programs (D) Manipulation in reality television programs (E) The appeal of reality television programs

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Okedia O

27 Januari 2022 02:27

Is it true that animals tell us about bad weather is coming? If your dog always comes inside right before it rains, you may think that animals can predict the weather. You might hear that cats get frisky as kittens when a bad storm is approaching. It’s probably more accurate to say that animals react to certain environmental signals that accompany weather changes, not to the weather itself. A prevalent opinion is that animals can detect certain events, like earthquakes, as soon as they happen, even if the originating event is a great distance away. While this ability wouldn’t make much of a difference to people at the scene of the disaster, it could conceivably assist those located farther from the epicenter. Some researchers even believe animals may be able to sense the precursors to these events before they actually strike. They are saying that animals make greater use of their existing five senses, especially when compared to humans. However, hard evidence of this is extremely limited; most of the evidence is anecdotal. The most critical sense is hearing. There are some sounds people can’t hear. On the low end of the scale are infrasonic, low-pitched sound vibrations on the hertz frequency scale falling below 20 hertz (Hz). On the other end are high-pitched sounds, like dog whistles. People typically hear in a range between 20 and 20,000 Hz (middle-aged adults usually don’t hear beyond 12,000 or 14,000 Hz). Elephants, however, generally hear between 16 and 12,000 Hz. Cattle also start hearing sound at 16 Hz, but can continue to hear all the way to 40,000 Hz. And earthquake shockwaves and ocean waves produce sounds in the infrasonic range. Some researchers think certain animals, like elephants, get an early earthquake warning because they can sense shockwaves in the ground through their large feet. They don’t hear the sound but they do sense distant, unfamiliar vibrations rolling in that terrify them into fleeing for safety. How animals, not just elephants, sense these vibrations is generally unknown. Researchers are examining different organs, body parts and nerve chains in a variety of species that may be able to pick up sound vibrations that humans just can’t sense. This theory could also account for the just-in-time-reactions of other animals with less acute hearing just prior to the tsunami. Researchers note that infrasonic sound produces uneasiness and nausea in people. Animals may perceive these sound vibrations as dangerous and instinctively seek safety. 10. The passage is most likely found in a... (A) popular setence magazine (B) weather review (C) natural alarm text (D) warning sign booklet (E) vet handbook

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