The following text is for questions 10 to 12.

Factory Farming

Source: Sarwoko. 2017. Mandiri English on Target for SMA/MA Grade XI. Jakarta: Erlangga

    Poultry farming is not a good industry. To get good profits, farmers put thousands of hens in small cages. Many people are aware that, for some reasons, it is a cruel practice that should be banned.

    Firstly, the hens' natural behavior is affected because they are kept in cages which are designed to restrict movement. They are unable to walk around, stretch their wings or build a nest. Secondly, the natural and artificial light used to keep hens laying, as an instinctive response to the light, disregards the well-being of the hens. Unlike their laying habits in a natural setting, they are constantly laying and this must exhaust the birds. Thirdly, the use of sloping, wire-bottomed cages makes it difficult for the hens to stand. Sometimes their claws become permanently entangled with the wire. Finally, they get stressed because of the crowded cages. It leads them to fight with each other. In a cage of thousands of hens, there will be hundreds of hens killed because of their fighting. Sometimes farmers partly remove their beaks in an attempt to prevent the damage during fighting.

    Based on the facts above, this cruel practice must be banned. Animal welfare organisations, poultry farmers, and law-makers need to work together to create farming practices that not only make money for the farmer but respect the welfare and rights of the hens.

"... this cruel practice must be banned." (Paragraph 3)

What is the synonym of the underlined word?