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UTBK/SNBT Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Urutkan

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:55

According to new estimates that will be presented at this year's World Economic Forum in Davos US 100 trilion is needed by 2030 to finance infrastructure needs worldwide. This investment needs to be greened its design and use must rely on less carbon and fewer natural resources- if we are to avoid a steady increase in global temperature of four degrees Celcius or more in the coming decades. At last in the short term green investment- about $700 milion a year to the 020-inspired Green Growth Action Alliance, chaired by former Mexican President Felipe Calderon. Additional outlays of $140 bilion annually are required just to green the estimed $ 15 trillion investment in energy generation needed by 2020. These incremental costs are insignificant compared to the economic and other damage-including, for example, rising and volatile commodity and food prices-implimed by unrestrained, with global spending on renewable energy six-fold since 2004. But the total remains far too small. While active government support remains crucial to advancing green investment at scale, wide spread fiscal wekness is pulling in the opposite direction. Germany, the United Kingdom, and Spain. For example, have reduced their rates for solar photo-voltaic feed-in tariffs, while the expiration of the United State federal production tax credited for renewable energy has undermined investment in wind installations there. The points discussed in paragraph 2 give an example .... (A) Additional budget could not afford to cover all of expenses (B) Economic damage significantly influenced clean energy (C) Crisis overshadowed most of green energy investment (D) European countries and the US showed different agenda (E) Active government uneasily supported green investment

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar S

27 Januari 2022 21:55

Over this decade, employment in job requiring education beyond a high school diploma will grow rapidly than employment in jobs that do not; of the 30 fastest growing occupatons, more than half require post secondary education. With the average earnings of college graduatest at a level that is twice as high that workers whit only a high school diploma, higher education is now the clearest (31) _____ into the middle class. ln higher education, the U. S. Has been outpaced internationally. While the United States ranks ninth in world in the proportion of young adults enrolled in college, we have fallen to 16th in the world in our share certificates and degrees awarded to adult ages 25-34- lagging behind Korea, Canada, Japan, and other nations. While more than half of college students graduate within six years, the (32) _____ for low-income students is around 25 percent. Acknowledging these factor early in his Administration, President Obama challenged every America commit to at least one year of higher education or post-secondary training. (33) ________ that America would on again have the highest proposion of college graduates in the world by 2020. 33. The option that best completes (33) is .... (A) Americans will deserve higher education for their future (B) The president has set up a new educational goal for the country (C) American students are suggested to take entrepreneurial skills (D) The goverment recommends Americans for college education (E) Middle class Americans are invited to provide financial

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:55

TEXT A The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system of the world first nuclear submarine the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-MW prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States. In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower- energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fission. The heat from the nuclear chain reactor is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas. The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam in produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600UF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor. TEXT B The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. ln the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1.000 psi (2kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur. A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. ln a-dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is required. The Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11 , 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3, hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3, an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4. Which of the following statements is supported by both texts? A. BWR power plants are more prone to earthquakes than those of PWR. B. BWR nuclear power plants can stand severe earthquakes but tsunamis. C. PWR yields steam through pressured water, BWR through boiling water. D. PWR nuclear vessels are more efficient and cheaper than those of BWR. E. The size of PWR and BWR is much smaller than that of the modem one.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar S

27 Januari 2022 21:55

TEXT A The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system of the world first nuclear submarine the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-MW prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States. In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower- energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fission. The heat from the nuclear chain reactor is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas. The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam in produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600UF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor. TEXT B The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. ln the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1.000 psi (2kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur. A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. ln a-dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is required. The Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11 , 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3, hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3, an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4. Based on the two texts, we can hypothesize that.... A. Bigger reactor vessels are safer and more cost-efficient than the smaller ones. B. The more electric power needed, the more and bigger reactor vessel required. C. The more electric power produced, the more efficient its unit cost will be. D. Bigger reactor vessels are more expensive than those of smaller size. E. PWR is only made for military purpose while BWR is for commercial uses.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lili R

27 Januari 2022 21:54

TEXT A The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system of the world first nuclear submarine the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-MW prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States. In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower- energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fission. The heat from the nuclear chain reactor is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas. The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam in produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600UF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor. TEXT B The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. ln the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1.000 psi (2kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur. A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. ln a-dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is required. The Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11 , 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3, hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3, an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4. From the two texts, we can conclude that, in both PWR and BWR. .. . A. Two fluid loops are used to avoid the mixture of coolant and steam. B. The reactor vessel should be very large to make it more efficient. C. Pressurized pure water is used as a moderator and a coolant. D. Reactors can be shut down automaticany after an earthquake. E. Steam is delivered to drive the turbine to generate electricity.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lala S

27 Januari 2022 21:54

TEXT A The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system of the world first nuclear submarine the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-MW prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States. In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower- energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fission. The heat from the nuclear chain reactor is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas. The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam in produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600UF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor. TEXT B The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. ln the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1.000 psi (2kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur. A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. ln a-dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is required. The Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11 , 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3, hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3, an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4. Which of the following is factual information supported by both texts? A. Electricity is produced in the reactor core when boiling occurs. B. Water boils because the temperature is kept above 545UF. C. The smaller reactor is more efficient than the bigger one. D. Two fluid loops are used as a coolant and as a steam collector. E. Similar pressurized water is used to generate head and steam.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar K

27 Januari 2022 21:54

TEXT A The pressurized-water reactor (PWR) evolved from the reactor design for the propulsion system of the world first nuclear submarine the U.S.S. Nautilus, launched in January 1954. A 60-MW prototype PWR installed at Shipping port, Pa., for electric power generation began delivering for commercial use in 1957. This was the first nuclear power plant in the United States. In the PWR, ordinary pure water under pressure is used both as the moderator and the coolant. A moderator is used in a reactor core to slow down the neutrons from their initial fission energies because lower- energy neutrons have a greater probability of being absorbed in the fuel to produce more fission. The heat from the nuclear chain reactor is removed from the reactor by a coolant, which may include ordinary water, heavy water, liquid metal, molten salt, or gas. The water passes through the reactor core at a pressure of about 2.250 pounds per square inch and a temperature of 600UF (315UC) enters a heat exchanger in which steam in produced to drive a turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. There are two distinct fluid loops in the design so that the coolant for the reactor core does not mix with the fluid for driving the turbine. Because of the high pressure in the coolant loop, the water there cannot boil, even at a temperature of 600UF. A PWR constructed for commercial power generation is very large because a large reactor provides power at a lower unit cost than does a smaller reactor. TEXT B The boiling water reactor (BWR) was developed from PWR. ln the BWR, cooling water enters the reactor core and is heated when it travels between the nuclear fuel elements. The water boils under the influence of the heat generated in the reactor core. The steam is collected at the top of the reactor vessel and is subsequently delivered to a turbine that drives an electric generator. The pressure in the reactor is kept at about 1.000 psi (2kgs/sq cm), and the steam temperature is about 545UF (285UC). Under these conditions, boiling can occur. A single-cycle BWR has only one fluid loop and thus has fewer main components than does a PWR. ln a-dual cycle BWR, a secondary fluid is used for the production of steam. The components of a BWR tend to be very large. For an 800-MW electrical power plant, a reactor vessel about 70 feet (21 meters) high and 20 feet (6 meters) in diameter is required. The Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant consists of six BWRs. On March 11 , 2011, reactors 4, 5 and 6 had been shut down prior to the earthquake for planned maintenance. The remaining reactors were shut down automatically after the earthquake, but the subsequent tsunami flooded the plant, knocking out emergency generators needed to run pumps which cool and control the reactors. Over the following days there was evidence of partial nuclear meltdowns in reactors 1, 2 and 3, hydrogen explosions destroyed the upper cladding of the building housing reactors 1 and 3, an explosion damaged reactor 2's containment; and severe fires broke out at reactor 4. The two texts above mainly talk about ... . A. how boiling water is used as a moderator and a coolant B. the example of how pressure is used in nuclear reactions C. the type of nuclear power plant to drive electric generators D. the use of water in the reactor core of a nuclear power plant E. bow partial nuclear meltdowns can be detected beforehand

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Binar S

27 Januari 2022 21:54

Some people believe that the key to averting a potential food crisis may lie in recent advances in science and biotechnology. By manipulating the genetic composition of basic crops, such as rice, it is possible to boost a plant's rate of photosynthesis and to produce bigger crop yields. This process is known as genetic modification; plants that are produced in such a way are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic modification can be carried out for a variety of purposes-not only to enhance the crop yield. Scientists have produced GMOs with higher than normal vitamin content, for example; other genetically modified crops are resistant to commonly used agricultural herbicides that used to kill the weeds round them, as well as insects and fungal and viral pests. Food products that are made from, or contain traces of genetically modified organisms are known as GM foods. Scientists claim that a GM strain of 'super-rice' could boost rice yields by as much as 35 percent. Another strain called golden rice-which contains added amounts of vitamin A could reduce vitamin A deficiency in more than 120 children worldwide. Some might think that such advances in biotechnology would be welcomed enthusiastically by people around the world. But, in fact, the issue of genetic modification has become one of the most controversial issues of our age. For many people, it highlights the fme line that exists between the benefits of technology and scientific innovation, on the one hand, and the risks of environmental destruction, on the other. The word 'it' in " ... it highlights the fine line that exists between ... ," refers to .... A. super-rice B. golden rice C. biotechnology D. vitamin A deficiency E. issue of genetic modification

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lili R

27 Januari 2022 21:54

Some people believe that the key to averting a potential food crisis may lie in recent advances in science and biotechnology. By manipulating the genetic composition of basic crops, such as rice, it is possible to boost a plant's rate of photosynthesis and to produce bigger crop yields. This process is known as genetic modification; plants that are produced in such a way are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic modification can be carried out for a variety of purposes-not only to enhance the crop yield. Scientists have produced GMOs with higher than normal vitamin content, for example; other genetically modified crops are resistant to commonly used agricultural herbicides that used to kill the weeds round them, as well as insects and fungal and viral pests. Food products that are made from, or contain traces of genetically modified organisms are known as GM foods. Scientists claim that a GM strain of 'super-rice' could boost rice yields by as much as 35 percent. Another strain called golden rice-which contains added amounts of vitamin A could reduce vitamin A deficiency in more than 120 children worldwide. Some might think that such advances in biotechnology would be welcomed enthusiastically by people around the world. But, in fact, the issue of genetic modification has become one of the most controversial issues of our age. For many people, it highlights the fme line that exists between the benefits of technology and scientific innovation, on the one hand, and the risks of environmental destruction, on the other. How is the information in the text organized? A. Technology and products are classified. B. Problem solving and examples are presented. C. Debates on genetic modification are highlighted. D. Technology for genetic modification is discussed. E. Vitamin A deficiency and its effects are described.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Lala S

27 Januari 2022 21:54

Some people believe that the key to averting a potential food crisis may lie in recent advances in science and biotechnology. By manipulating the genetic composition of basic crops, such as rice, it is possible to boost a plant's rate of photosynthesis and to produce bigger crop yields. This process is known as genetic modification; plants that are produced in such a way are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetic modification can be carried out for a variety of purposes-not only to enhance the crop yield. Scientists have produced GMOs with higher than normal vitamin content, for example; other genetically modified crops are resistant to commonly used agricultural herbicides that used to kill the weeds round them, as well as insects and fungal and viral pests. Food products that are made from, or contain traces of genetically modified organisms are known as GM foods. Scientists claim that a GM strain of 'super-rice' could boost rice yields by as much as 35 percent. Another strain called golden rice-which contains added amounts of vitamin A could reduce vitamin A deficiency in more than 120 children worldwide. Some might think that such advances in biotechnology would be welcomed enthusiastically by people around the world. But, in fact, the issue of genetic modification has become one of the most controversial issues of our age. For many people, it highlights the fme line that exists between the benefits of technology and scientific innovation, on the one hand, and the risks of environmental destruction, on the other. It can be inferred from the text that what scientist should do is .... A. avoid the controversial issue of GM food B. discover more environment-friendly GM food C. add new genes that 100 percent free of harmful consequences D. predict and calculate the potential risks of GM food E. work with environment activists to solve the problems of GM food

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Jawaban terverifikasi
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