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38
As colleges and universities have shuttered their physical campuses in the face of the spread of COVID-19, they have moved their courses to remote and online formats in rapid fashion. And that's prompted many to wonder what the ultimate impact this period of time may have on online learning in higher education. Based on the present situation, where individuals come to stand on online learning will depend on where they sit currently. That is, there will be both positive and negative impacts on the state of online learning in higher education.
On the bad side, given that college and university faculty hastily moved courses online without much support, online learning is being done poorly in many quarters of the United States. It's consequently getting a bad reputation at many campuses. Faculty members who have struggled in the online environment and haven't received enough support from their college or university are unlikely to have much enthusiasm for online learning in the future. Even in cases where teaching and learning centers on campuses intervene and help build the courses, they are likely overstretched at the moment, and so many courses have been poor substitutes for the originals (even if the originals weren't terribly inspiring). When colleges eventually resume physical instruction, many will breathe a collective sigh of relief and resume their studies as usual. It's unlikely they will look back fondly on their online experiences and wonder why it is that they ever dragged themselves to a classroom in the first place.
If the closure of physical campuses continues into the fall. some residential students and their parents will start asking why they should pay large tuition bills for an in-person experience they are not receiving. If they are going to be learning online anyway, why not opt for a provider that has strong experience with online learning and that can offer it more affordably than can a traditional college or university? Institutions with robust online learning programs, particularly if they are more affordable than a traditional program, will stand to gain ground. Online learning will grow from where it was pre- COVID-19. Universities that offer robust online programs as well as in-person ones and can offer the potential for seamless transfer between the two are also likely to benefit.
The longer physical distancing continues - even policies of intermittent physical distancing - the more online learning will benefit. Traditional colleges and universities are more likely to pour more resources into innovating and constructing more robust online experiences. Even if their faculty and current students have soured on the experience, they will have no choice. Granted, many institutions won't be able to afford the investment this will require. But many institutions are also likely to close, merge or declare financial exigency given the financial pressures mounting throughout the economy- so the volume of students will go elsewhere.lnstitutions that are sturdy or have forward-thinking leadership will innovate.
https://campustechnology.col1}/ Artlcles/2020/04/30/COVID19s-Ultimate-Impact-on-online-Learning-The-Good-and-the-Bad.aspx?Page=2
Why does the author write the passage?
1
0.0
As colleges and universities have shuttered their physical campuses in the face of the spread of COVID-19, they have moved their courses to remote and online formats in rapid fashion. And that's prompted many to wonder what the ultimate impact this period of time may have on online learning in higher education. Based on the present situation, where individuals come to stand on online learning will depend on where they sit currently. That is, there will be both positive and negative impacts on the state of online learning in higher education.
On the bad side, given that college and university faculty hastily moved courses online without much support, online learning is being done poorly in many quarters of the United States. It's consequently getting a bad reputation at many campuses. Faculty members who have struggled in the online environment and haven't received enough support from their college or university are unlikely to have much enthusiasm for online learning in the future. Even in cases where teaching and learning centers on campuses intervene and help build the courses, they are likely overstretched at the moment, and so many courses have been poor substitutes for the originals (even if the originals weren't terribly inspiring). When colleges eventually resume physical instruction, many will breathe a collective sigh of relief and resume their studies as usual. It's unlikely they will look back fondly on their online experiences and wonder why it is that they ever dragged themselves to a classroom in the first place.
If the closure of physical campuses continues into the fall. some residential students and their parents will start asking why they should pay large tuition bills for an in-person experience they are not receiving. If they are going to be learning online anyway, why not opt for a provider that has strong experience with online learning and that can offer it more affordably than can a traditional college or university? Institutions with robust online learning programs, particularly if they are more affordable than a traditional program, will stand to gain ground. Online learning will grow from where it was pre- COVID-19. Universities that offer robust online programs as well as in-person ones and can offer the potential for seamless transfer between the two are also likely to benefit.
The longer physical distancing continues - even policies of intermittent physical distancing - the more online learning will benefit. Traditional colleges and universities are more likely to pour more resources into innovating and constructing more robust online experiences. Even if their faculty and current students have soured on the experience, they will have no choice. Granted, many institutions won't be able to afford the investment this will require. But many institutions are also likely to close, merge or declare financial exigency given the financial pressures mounting throughout the economy- so the volume of students will go elsewhere.lnstitutions that are sturdy or have forward-thinking leadership will innovate.
https://campustechnology.col1}/ Artlcles/2020/04/30/COVID19s-Ultimate-Impact-on-online-Learning-The-Good-and-the-Bad.aspx?Page=2
Where in the passage does the author mention about students and their parents questioning expensive education cost if the closure of physical learning continues?
1
0.0
As colleges and universities have shuttered their physical campuses in the face of the spread of COVID-19, they have moved their courses to remote and online formats in rapid fashion. And that's prompted many to wonder what the ultimate impact this period of time may have on online learning in higher education. Based on the present situation, where individuals come to stand on online learning will depend on where they sit currently. That is, there will be both positive and negative impacts on the state of online learning in higher education.
On the bad side, given that college and university faculty hastily moved courses online without much support, online learning is being done poorly in many quarters of the United States. It's consequently getting a bad reputation at many campuses. Faculty members who have struggled in the online environment and haven't received enough support from their college or university are unlikely to have much enthusiasm for online learning in the future. Even in cases where teaching and learning centers on campuses intervene and help build the courses, they are likely overstretched at the moment, and so many courses have been poor substitutes for the originals (even if the originals weren't terribly inspiring). When colleges eventually resume physical instruction, many will breathe a collective sigh of relief and resume their studies as usual. It's unlikely they will look back fondly on their online experiences and wonder why it is that they ever dragged themselves to a classroom in the first place.
If the closure of physical campuses continues into the fall. some residential students and their parents will start asking why they should pay large tuition bills for an in-person experience they are not receiving. If they are going to be learning online anyway, why not opt for a provider that has strong experience with online learning and that can offer it more affordably than can a traditional college or university? Institutions with robust online learning programs, particularly if they are more affordable than a traditional program, will stand to gain ground. Online learning will grow from where it was pre- COVID-19. Universities that offer robust online programs as well as in-person ones and can offer the potential for seamless transfer between the two are also likely to benefit.
The longer physical distancing continues - even policies of intermittent physical distancing - the more online learning will benefit. Traditional colleges and universities are more likely to pour more resources into innovating and constructing more robust online experiences. Even if their faculty and current students have soured on the experience, they will have no choice. Granted, many institutions won't be able to afford the investment this will require. But many institutions are also likely to close, merge or declare financial exigency given the financial pressures mounting throughout the economy- so the volume of students will go elsewhere. lnstitutions that are sturdy or have forward-thinking leadership will innovate.
https://campustechnology.col1}/ Artlcles/2020/04/30/COVID19s-Ultimate-Impact-on-online-Learning-The-Good-and-the-Bad.aspx?Page=2
The best summary for the passage is ...
1
0.0
As colleges and universities have shuttered their physical campuses in the face of the spread of COVID-19, they have moved their courses to remote and online formats in rapid fashion. And that's prompted many to wonder what the ultimate impact this period of time may have on online learning in higher education. Based on the present situation, where individuals come to stand on online learning will depend on where they sit currently. That is, there will be both positive and negative impacts on the state of online learning in higher education.
On the bad side, given that college and university faculty hastily moved courses online without much support, online learning is being done poorly in many quarters of the United States. It's consequently getting a bad reputation at many campuses. Faculty members who have struggled in the online environment and haven't received enough support from their college or university are unlikely to have much enthusiasm for online learning in the future. Even in cases where teaching and learning centers on campuses intervene and help build the courses, they are likely overstretched at the moment, and so many courses have been poor substitutes for the originals (even if the originals weren't terribly inspiring). When colleges eventually resume physical instruction, many will breathe a collective sigh of relief and resume their studies as usual. It's unlikely they will look back fondly on their online experiences and wonder why it is that they ever dragged themselves to a classroom in the first place.
If the closure of physical campuses continues into the fall. some residential students and their parents will start asking why they should pay large tuition bills for an in-person experience they are not receiving. If they are going to be learning online anyway, why not opt for a provider that has strong experience with online learning and that can offer it more affordably than can a traditional college or university? Institutions with robust online learning programs, particularly if they are more affordable than a traditional program, will stand to gain ground. Online learning will grow from where it was pre- COVID-19. Universities that offer robust online programs as well as in-person ones and can offer the potential for seamless transfer between the two are also likely to benefit.
The longer physical distancing continues - even policies of intermittent physical distancing - the more online learning will benefit. Traditional colleges and universities are more likely to pour more resources into innovating and constructing more robust online experiences. Even if their faculty and current students have soured on the experience, they will have no choice. Granted, many institutions won't be able to afford the investment this will require. But many institutions are also likely to close, merge or declare financial exigency given the financial pressures mounting throughout the economy- so the volume of students will go elsewhere.lnstitutions that are sturdy or have forward-thinking leadership will innovate.
https://campustechnology.col1}/ Artlcles/2020/04/30/COVID19s-Ultimate-Impact-on-online-Learning-The-Good-and-the-Bad.aspx?Page=2
From the second paragraph it can be inferred that ...
1
0.0
The extreme weather that's hammered California with runaway wildfires and hit Louisiana with its most powerful hurricane in 160 years may be about to get even worse. La Nina -- a phenomenon that occurs when the surface of the Pacific Ocean cools -- has officially formed, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. It triggers an atmospheric chain reaction that stands to roil weather around the globe, often turning the western U.S. into a tinder box, fueling more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic and flooding parts of Australia and South America.
The effects are already evident. Rising temperatures and an extreme mega-drought across the U.S. West are fueling fires from Washington to Arizona. California is having its worst fire season on record, torching an unprecedented 2.5 million acres. The first half of 2020 was already quite hot -- just 0.05 degrees Celsius lower than the record set in 2016, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina. The odds are high 2020 will end up in the top five warmest years ever. Across the 11 Western states, nearly 87% of the landscape was abnormally dry, a slight uptick from a week ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor said Thursday. More than half of California is in drought.
La Nina doesn't just mean more heat. It also raises the chances for a colder winter across the northern U.S. and increases the prospects of floods in northern Australia and more rain in Indonesia and in Brazil's three southern most states. And in the Atlantic, a record number of tropical storms have formed by September, including Hurricane Laura, which killed more than a dozen people across the Caribbean and the U.S. last month. California's rainy season typically starts by early winter, and can counter the fire- spreading Santa Ana winds that are starting now. But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry.
In the Atlantic, having La Nina develop in the last three months of hurricane season could mean more storms of greater power. This year's 17 named storms make for the quickest that tally has been reached in data going back to 1851, well above the annual average of 12. La Nina can lead to more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic because it chokes off turbulent winds that blow at varying speeds, directions and altitudes. Those gusts, known as wind shear, can lop to the top off a growing tropical storm or hurricane -- weakening it or destroying it altogether. The Climate Prediction Center forecast in August that there would be 19 to 25 Atlantic storms this year, based in part on the potential for La Nina to appear.
What is the overall tone of the passage?
1
0.0
The extreme weather that's hammered California with runaway wildfires and hit Louisiana with its most powerful hurricane in 160 years may be about to get even worse. La Nina -- a phenomenon that occurs when the surface of the Pacific Ocean cools -- has officially formed, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. It triggers an atmospheric chain reaction that stands to roil weather around the globe, often turning the western U.S. into a tinder box, fueling more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic and flooding parts of Australia and South America.
The effects are already evident. Rising temperatures and an extreme mega-drought across the U.S. West are fueling fires from Washington to Arizona. California is having its worst fire season on record, torching an unprecedented 2.5 million acres. The first half of 2020 was already quite hot -- just 0.05 degrees Celsius lower than the record set in 2016, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina. The odds are high 2020 will end up in the top five warmest years ever. Across the 11 Western states, nearly 87% of the landscape was abnormally dry, a slight uptick from a week ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor said Thursday. More than half of California is in drought.
La Nina doesn't just mean more heat. It also raises the chances for a colder winter across the northern U.S. and increases the prospects of floods in northern Australia and more rain in Indonesia and in Brazil's three southern most states. And in the Atlantic, a record number of tropical storms have formed by September, including Hurricane Laura, which killed more than a dozen people across the Caribbean and the U.S. last month. California's rainy season typically starts by early winter, and can counter the fire- spreading Santa Ana winds that are starting now. But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry.
In the Atlantic, having La Nina develop in the last three months of hurricane season could mean more storms of greater power. This year's 17 named storms make for the quickest that tally has been reached in data going back to 1851, well above the annual average of 12. La Nina can lead to more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic because it chokes off turbulent winds that blow at varying speeds, directions and altitudes. Those gusts, known as wind shear, can lop to the top off a growing tropical storm or hurricane -- weakening it or destroying it altogether. The Climate Prediction Center forecast in August that there would be 19 to 25 Atlantic storms this year, based in part on the potential for La Nina to appear.
Based on the passage, the followings are the incidents that occur as a result of Ia Nina, EXCEPT ...
1
0.0
The extreme weather that's hammered California with runaway wildfires and hit Louisiana with its most powerful hurricane in 160 years may be about to get even worse. La Nina -- a phenomenon that occurs when the surface of the Pacific Ocean cools -- has officially formed, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. It triggers an atmospheric chain reaction that stands to roil weather around the globe, often turning the western U.S. into a tinder box, fueling more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic and flooding parts of Australia and South America.
The effects are already evident. Rising temperatures and an extreme mega-drought across the U.S. West are fueling fires from Washington to Arizona. California is having its worst fire season on record, torching an unprecedented 2.5 million acres. The first half of 2020 was already quite hot -- just 0.05 degrees Celsius lower than the record set in 2016, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina. The odds are high 2020 will end up in the top five warmest years ever. Across the 11 Western states, nearly 87% of the landscape was abnormally dry, a slight uptick from a week ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor said Thursday. More than half of California is in drought.
La Nina doesn't just mean more heat. It also raises the chances for a colder winter across the northern U.S. and increases the prospects of floods in northern Australia and more rain in Indonesia and in Brazil's three southern most states. And in the Atlantic, a record number of tropical storms have formed by September, including Hurricane Laura, which killed more than a dozen people across the Caribbean and the U.S. last month. California's rainy season typically starts by early winter, and can counter the fire- spreading Santa Ana winds that are starting now. But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry.
In the Atlantic, having La Nina develop in the last three months of hurricane season could mean more storms of greater power. This year's 17 named storms make for the quickest that tally has been reached in data going back to 1851, well above the annual average of 12. La Nina can lead to more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic because it chokes off turbulent winds that blow at varying speeds, directions and altitudes. Those gusts, known as wind shear, can lop to the top off a growing tropical storm or hurricane -- weakening it or destroying it altogether. The Climate Prediction Center forecast in August that there would be 19 to 25 Atlantic storms this year, based in part on the potential for La Nina to appear.
The word 'dire' in the sentence "But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry." can be best substitute with ....
35
0.0
The extreme weather that's hammered California with runaway wildfires and hit Louisiana with its most powerful hurricane in 160 years may be about to get even worse. La Nina -- a phenomenon that occurs when the surface of the Pacific Ocean cools -- has officially formed, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. It triggers an atmospheric chain reaction that stands to roil weather around the globe, often turning the western U.S. into a tinder box, fueling more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic and flooding parts of Australia and South America.
The effects are already evident. Rising temperatures and an extreme mega-drought across the U.S. West are fueling fires from Washington to Arizona. California is having its worst fire season on record, torching an unprecedented 2.5 million acres. The first half of 2020 was already quite hot -- just 0.05 degrees Celsius lower than the record set in 2016, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina. The odds are high 2020 will end up in the top five warmest years ever. Across the 11 Western states, nearly 87% of the landscape was abnormally dry, a slight uptick from a week ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor said Thursday. More than half of California is in drought.
La Nina doesn't just mean more heat. It also raises the chances for a colder winter across the northern U.S. and increases the prospects of floods in northern Australia and more rain in Indonesia and in Brazil's three southern most states. And in the Atlantic, a record number of tropical storms have formed by September, including Hurricane Laura, which killed more than a dozen people across the Caribbean and the U.S. last month. California's rainy season typically starts by early winter, and can counter the fire- spreading Santa Ana winds that are starting now. But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry.
In the Atlantic, having La Nina develop in the last three months of hurricane season could mean more storms of greater power. This year's 17 named storms make for the quickest that tally has been reached in data going back to 1851, well above the annual average of 12. La Nina can lead to more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic because it chokes off turbulent winds that blow at varying speeds, directions and altitudes. Those gusts, known as wind shear, can lop to the top off a growing tropical storm or hurricane -- weakening it or destroying it altogether. The Climate Prediction Center forecast in August that there would be 19 to 25 Atlantic storms this year, based in part on the potential for La Nina to appear.
The author mentions Louisiana in paragraph 1 in order to ...
1
0.0
The extreme weather that's hammered California with runaway wildfires and hit Louisiana with its most powerful hurricane in 160 years may be about to get even worse. La Nina -- a phenomenon that occurs when the surface of the Pacific Ocean cools -- has officially formed, the U.S. Climate Prediction Center said Thursday. It triggers an atmospheric chain reaction that stands to roil weather around the globe, often turning the western U.S. into a tinder box, fueling more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic and flooding parts of Australia and South America.
The effects are already evident. Rising temperatures and an extreme mega-drought across the U.S. West are fueling fires from Washington to Arizona. California is having its worst fire season on record, torching an unprecedented 2.5 million acres. The first half of 2020 was already quite hot -- just 0.05 degrees Celsius lower than the record set in 2016, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, North Carolina. The odds are high 2020 will end up in the top five warmest years ever. Across the 11 Western states, nearly 87% of the landscape was abnormally dry, a slight uptick from a week ago, the U.S. Drought Monitor said Thursday. More than half of California is in drought.
La Nina doesn't just mean more heat. It also raises the chances for a colder winter across the northern U.S. and increases the prospects of floods in northern Australia and more rain in Indonesia and in Brazil's three southern most states. And in the Atlantic, a record number of tropical storms have formed by September, including Hurricane Laura, which killed more than a dozen people across the Caribbean and the U.S. last month. California's rainy season typically starts by early winter, and can counter the fire- spreading Santa Ana winds that are starting now. But if La Nina gets in the way, it could have dire consequences for the state where fires have already charred more than 2.5 million acres, the most on record, and 80% of the land is abnormally dry.
In the Atlantic, having La Nina develop in the last three months of hurricane season could mean more storms of greater power. This year's 17 named storms make for the quickest that tally has been reached in data going back to 1851, well above the annual average of 12. La Nina can lead to more powerful hurricanes in the Atlantic because it chokes off turbulent winds that blow at varying speeds, directions and altitudes. Those gusts, known as wind shear, can lop to the top off a growing tropical storm or hurricane -- weakening it or destroying it altogether. The Climate Prediction Center forecast in August that there would be 19 to 25 Atlantic storms this year, based in part on the potential for La Nina to appear.
What does the passage primarily discuss?
2
0.0
It was previously believed that dinosaurs were cold-blooded creatures, like reptiles. However, a recent discovery has led researchers to believe they may have been warm-blooded. The fossilized remains of a 66 million-year-old dinosaur's heart were discovered and examined by x-ray. The basis for the analysis that they were warm-blooded is the number of chambers in the heart as well as the existence of a single aorta.
Most reptiles have three chambers in their hearts, although some do have four. But those that have four chambers, such as the crocodile, have two arteries to mix the oxygen-heavy blood with oxygen-lean blood. Reptiles are cold-blooded, meaning that they are dependent on the environment for body heat. Yet the fossilized heart had four chambers in the heart as well as a single aorta. The single aorta means that the oxygen-rich blood was completely separated from the oxygen-poor blood and sent through the aorta to all parts of the body.
Mammals, on the other hand, are warm blooded, meaning that they generate their own body heat and are thus more tolerant of temperature extremes. Birds and mammals, because they are warm blooded, move more swiftly and have greater physical endurance than reptiles.
Scientists believe that the evidence now points to the idea that all dinosaurs were actually warm-blooded. Ironically, the particular dinosaur in which the discovery was made was a Tescelosaurus, which translates to "marvelous lizard." A lizard, of course, is a reptile.
What is the basis of the researchers' new theory?
2
0.0
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