SMA Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

The following text is for questions 13 to 16.

    Rescuers are working frantically to find dozens of people thought to be buried at an illegal Indonesian gold mine after a landslide on Tuesday. They are searching for survivors at the site, in the Bolaang Mongondow area, of Sulawesi. Seven people died and at least 19 have been rescued, officials say.

    Rescuers are hampered by the steep terrain and muddy, unstable ground, which means heavy lifting machinery, cannot be used. They have to use their bare hands, as well as spades and ropes, to get people out. The survivors are being carried away in makeshift stretchers.

    One local official said cracks had appeared at the mine, which collapsed on Tuesday and triggered a landslide, raising fears of a further collapse.

    Dozens of people were mining for gold when support beams gave way at the mine due to shifting soil land and numerous mining shafts, officials said. The collapse then triggered a landslide.

    A local official said it was difficult to say exactly how many were trapped underground.

    Based on statements from people who survived, the numbers are inconsistent. Some say there were more than 100 in the mine, some said about 80. We are still in the dark when it comes to the actual number."

    Small-scale gold mining is banned in Indonesia but remains widespread in rural areas. Lack of regulation and the poor construction of makeshift mines means accidents are relatively frequent. Campaigners have long argued that a lack of local employment opportunities mean people feel forced to rely on illegal mining.

(Adopted from: https://www.bbc.com/newslworld-asia-47381579?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.cornlnewsltopicslcmj34zmw7vmt/indonesia&link_location=live-reporting-story (April 6, 2019))

"Rescuers are hampered by the steep terrain and muddy, unstable ground .... "

The underlined word is similar in meaning to ____. 

The following text is for questions 13 to 16.

    Rescuers are working frantically to find dozens of people thought to be buried at an illegal Indonesian gold mine after a landslide on Tuesday. They are searching for survivors at the site, in the Bolaang Mongondow area, of Sulawesi. Seven people died and at least 19 have been rescued, officials say.

    Rescuers are hampered by the steep terrain and muddy, unstable ground, which means heavy lifting machinery, cannot be used. They have to use their bare hands, as well as spades and ropes, to get people out. The survivors are being carried away in makeshift stretchers.

    One local official said cracks had appeared at the mine, which collapsed on Tuesday and triggered a landslide, raising fears of a further collapse.

    Dozens of people were mining for gold when support beams gave way at the mine due to shifting soil land and numerous mining shafts, officials said. The collapse then triggered a landslide.

    A local official said it was difficult to say exactly how many were trapped underground.

    Based on statements from people who survived, the numbers are inconsistent. Some say there were more than 100 in the mine, some said about 80. We are still in the dark when it comes to the actual number."

    Small-scale gold mining is banned in Indonesia but remains widespread in rural areas. Lack of regulation and the poor construction of makeshift mines means accidents are relatively frequent. Campaigners have long argued that a lack of local employment opportunities mean people feel forced to rely on illegal mining.

(Adopted from: https://www.bbc.com/newslworld-asia-47381579?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.cornlnewsltopicslcmj34zmw7vmt/indonesia&link_location=live-reporting-story (April 6, 2019))

What caused the rescuers to work manually? 

basement = ____

corpse = ____

minor crime = ____

penalty = ____

allegation (kb): ____

Complete the text with correct words from the box.

Rapid Urbanization Increasing Pressure on Rural Water Supplies Globally

    An international team of (1) ____ has carried.out the first systematic global (2) ____ of water reallocation from rural to urban regions the practice of transferring water from (3) ____ areas to cities to meet demand from growing urban populations. They found that 69 cities with a population of 383 million people receive approximately 16 billion cubic meters of reallocated ( 4) ____ per year.

    The study, published in Environmental Research Letters, found North America and Asia are hotspots for rural-to-urban water reallocation, with the practice on the rise in Asia. Twenty-one cities rely on multiple water reallocation projects, such as Amman in Jordan and Hyderabad in India.

    Since 1960 the global urban (5) ____ has quadrupled, driving demand and increasing competition between cities and agriculture for water. With 2.5 billion more urban dwellers expected by 2050, this trend is set to rise. Even in the UK-where water is considered (6) ____ concerns about water (7) ____ are prompting interest in water transfers, with Environment Agency Chief Sir James Bevan warning that England could run short of water in 25 years. Climate (8) ____ will further put (9) ____ on water resources and regional decision-making around water reallocation, as highlighted by drought crises in Cape Town, Melbourne and Sao Paolo over the past decade.

    The researchers observed that cities often hold the economic and political sway in water deals. When rural (10) ____ are not involved in the design, development and implementation of a reallocation project, reallocation can deepen inequality and foster resentment and resistance. The spectre of dusty and deserted agricultural towns looms large since the iconic project that reallocated water from Owens Valley farmers to Los Angeles, California in the early 20th century. Flashpoints of conflict have emerged from Melbourne to Monterrey.

    "Our research indicates. that governance matters," said lead author Dr Dustin Garrick, associate professor in environmental management at the University of Oxford's Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment. "Cities 'and rural regions need forums to negotiate deals, assuage conflicts, mitigate impacts and share the benefits from these projects."

(Adopted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190411083816.htm (April 6, 2019))  

(10) ....

Complete the text with correct words from the box.

Rapid Urbanization Increasing Pressure on Rural Water Supplies Globally

    An international team of (1) ____ has carried.out the first systematic global (2) ____ of water reallocation from rural to urban regions the practice of transferring water from (3) ____ areas to cities to meet demand from growing urban populations. They found that 69 cities with a population of 383 million people receive approximately 16 billion cubic meters of reallocated ( 4) ____ per year.

    The study, published in Environmental Research Letters, found North America and Asia are hotspots for rural-to-urban water reallocation, with the practice on the rise in Asia. Twenty-one cities rely on multiple water reallocation projects, such as Amman in Jordan and Hyderabad in India.

    Since 1960 the global urban (5) ____ has quadrupled, driving demand and increasing competition between cities and agriculture for water. With 2.5 billion more urban dwellers expected by 2050, this trend is set to rise. Even in the UK-where water is considered (6) ____ concerns about water (7) ____ are prompting interest in water transfers, with Environment Agency Chief Sir James Bevan warning that England could run short of water in 25 years. Climate (8) ____ will further put (9) ____ on water resources and regional decision-making around water reallocation, as highlighted by drought crises in Cape Town, Melbourne and Sao Paolo over the past decade.

    The researchers observed that cities often hold the economic and political sway in water deals. When rural (10) ____ are not involved in the design, development and implementation of a reallocation project, reallocation can deepen inequality and foster resentment and resistance. The spectre of dusty and deserted agricultural towns looms large since the iconic project that reallocated water from Owens Valley farmers to Los Angeles, California in the early 20th century. Flashpoints of conflict have emerged from Melbourne to Monterrey.

    "Our research indicates. that governance matters," said lead author Dr Dustin Garrick, associate professor in environmental management at the University of Oxford's Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment. "Cities 'and rural regions need forums to negotiate deals, assuage conflicts, mitigate impacts and share the benefits from these projects."

(Adopted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190411083816.htm (April 6, 2019))

(9) .... 

Complete the text with correct words from the box.

Rapid Urbanization Increasing Pressure on Rural Water Supplies Globally

    An international team of (1) ____ has carried.out the first systematic global (2) ____ of water reallocation from rural to urban regions the practice of transferring water from (3) ____ areas to cities to meet demand from growing urban populations. They found that 69 cities with a population of 383 million people receive approximately 16 billion cubic meters of reallocated ( 4) ____ per year.

    The study, published in Environmental Research Letters, found North America and Asia are hotspots for rural-to-urban water reallocation, with the practice on the rise in Asia. Twenty-one cities rely on multiple water reallocation projects, such as Amman in Jordan and Hyderabad in India.

    Since 1960 the global urban (5) ____ has quadrupled, driving demand and increasing competition between cities and agriculture for water. With 2.5 billion more urban dwellers expected by 2050, this trend is set to rise. Even in the UK-where water is considered (6) ____ concerns about water (7) ____ are prompting interest in water transfers, with Environment Agency Chief Sir James Bevan warning that England could run short of water in 25 years. Climate (8) ____ will further put (9) ____ on water resources and regional decision-making around water reallocation, as highlighted by drought crises in Cape Town, Melbourne and Sao Paolo over the past decade.

    The researchers observed that cities often hold the economic and political sway in water deals. When rural (10) ____ are not involved in the design, development and implementation of a reallocation project, reallocation can deepen inequality and foster resentment and resistance. The spectre of dusty and deserted agricultural towns looms large since the iconic project that reallocated water from Owens Valley farmers to Los Angeles, California in the early 20th century. Flashpoints of conflict have emerged from Melbourne to Monterrey.

    "Our research indicates. that governance matters," said lead author Dr Dustin Garrick, associate professor in environmental management at the University of Oxford's Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment. "Cities 'and rural regions need forums to negotiate deals, assuage conflicts, mitigate impacts and share the benefits from these projects."

(Adopted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190411083816.htm (April 6, 2019)) 

(8) ....