SMA Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

     It's late and you're hungry. Maybe you skipped a meat earlier in the day, and you're tired after working long hours. Naturally, you stop to grab something to eat on the way home. If you're concerned about your health, you may want to rethink your late-night eating habits due the followings reasons.

     First, eating late can aggravate the symptoms of acids reflux. Acids reflux is caused by your stomach acid not staying where it belongs. After eating, it's important to stay upright because gravity helps keep the contents in the stomach. Lying down with a full stomach makes reflux much more likely.

     Second, late-night feasts may also contribute to heart disease. The study results showed that 24.2% of people who ate dinner two hours or less before bedtime had blood pressure that did not drop at night-significantly increasing their risk of a heart attack. Meanwhile, only 14.2% of people who ate their dinners earlier had this problem

     Finally, eating after 8 p.m. doesn't necessarily read to weight gain. Eating extra calories at any time can cause weight gain. Our body digests and uses calories the same way at morning, noon and night. Our metabolism slows while we sleep, but it does not stop completely.

Adopted from: https://www.thisisinsider.com/is-eating-at-night-bad-for-you-2018-2 (4th December 2018)

What will the readers probably do after reading the text?

     It's late and you're hungry. Maybe you skipped a meat earlier in the day, and you're tired after working long hours. Naturally, you stop to grab something to eat on the way home. If you're concerned about your health, you may want to rethink your late-night eating habits due the followings reasons.

     First, eating late can aggravate the symptoms of acids reflux. Acids reflux is caused by your stomach acid not staying where it belongs. After eating, it's important to stay upright because gravity helps keep the contents in the stomach. Lying down with a full stomach makes reflux much more likely.

     Second, late-night feasts may also contribute to heart disease. The study results showed that 24.2% of people who ate dinner two hours or less before bedtime had blood pressure that did not drop at night-significantly increasing their risk of a heart attack. Meanwhile, only 14.2% of people who ate their dinners earlier had this problem

     Finally, eating after 8 p.m. doesn't necessarily read to weight gain. Eating extra calories at any time can cause weight gain. Our body digests and uses calories the same way at morning, noon and night. Our metabolism slows while we sleep, but it does not stop completely.

Adopted from: https://www.thisisinsider.com/is-eating-at-night-bad-for-you-2018-2 (4th December 2018)

We should not lay down after eating because ....

     This large waterbird is unmistakable due to its unique 'shoe-shaped' bill which gives it an almost prehistoric appearance-reminding us of birds' dinosaur ancestry.

     Found in nine countries across Africa, the species has a large range, but exist in small localised populations concentrate around swamps and wetlands. Individuals are highly solitary-often the male and female in a breeding pair prefer to occupy different ends of their shared territory.

     The nest is large and flattened, built amid swamp grasses or sedges and usually on a mound of floating vegetation or a small island. The construction can be up to three metres wide. Although a clutch of up to three dull, chalky-white eggs is laid, typically only one nestling survives due to enter-siblings rivalry, where the larger (generally first born) chick will out-compete and/or kill its siblings. The breeding season varies, being dependent on Africa's seasonal flood cycle.

     The shoebill is undergoing a continuing decline owing to the effects of habital destruction and degradation, pollution, nest disturbance, hunting a capture for the live bird trade. The global population is currently estimated at between 5,000-8,000 birds and the species is classed as vulnerable by the IUCN red list of threatened species.

     This species inhabits wetland habitats, preferring large, seasonally flooded marshes with dense vegetation and areas of floating vegetation often formed by papyrus. They are highly solitary and they forage by 'walking slowly' or standing. Large fish such as lungfish are their preferred prey item, but it will feed on a variety of aquatic animals including amphibians, water snakes, young crocodiles, as well as rodents and waterfowl chicks.

Adopted from: http://wws.edgeofexistence.org/species/shoebill/ (5th December 2018)

How can people easily identify this animal?

     Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati said Indonesia still had a long way to go to improve education system, adding that programmes designed and implemented by local governments were key to improving the quality and standard.

     She said Indonesian students often lack critical thinking skills and empathy and that the country must therefore tweak its education system to nurture these values.

     "We recognise that there is still a long way to go for Indonesia to improve the quality of education," Sri Mulyani said at the inauguration of World Conference on Creative Economy in Nusa Dua, Bali, on Wednesday.

     The country has been allocating 20 percent of its annual state budget to education, while the average Indonesian student is expected to spend at least 12.3 years in school-above the global average. However, according to the World Bank's Human Capital Index published last month, the learning quality of most Indonesian children receive is only equivalent to 7.9 years in school.

     The government plans to spend Rp 490 trillion ($33 billion) on education, research and development, and innovation in formal education and vocational training next year, which would be 10 percent more than this year.

     The minister said it has become more pressing for Indonesia to ensure that the funds allocated to training and the development of valuable skills are well spent, if the country hopes to benefit from the creative economy and faster growth. She noted that local governments, which are responsible for the implementation of education programmes and policies, must improve their capacity to achieve this goal. It's a problem of how we can use this resource in the most effective and also most efficient way, to achieve the best result," Sri Mulyani said.

Adopted from: https:/jakartaglobe.id/news/long-way-to-go improve-education-in-indonesia-finance-minister-says/ (5th December 2018)

What problem belongs to the education world in Indonesia?

     People always want to have newest things, but they don't look what are involved in producing these items. The consumption has been increasing in a couple decades and it is still growing up. It is time for people to think about the bad influence of consumerism and what it may lead to if they don't change their behaviours.

     Consumerism is bad because it is trashing the planet. Because of people big usage of land for factories, the planet is running out of resources. People cut down the trees, blow out the mountains to get the metal inside, pollute the water and wipe out the animals to build industries. According to the video "The Story of Stuff", in the past three decades 1/3 natural resources of the planet have been consumed. Furthermore, in the U.S less than 4% of the original forest is left and 40% of the water wastes have become undrinkable. In the future if this continue, it might be no ability for people to live on Earth.

     Another way that consumption harms the planet is garbage. People buy a lot of stuff and trash them because they no longer have space to keep them all. Nowadays we make twice as much garbage as we made 40 years ago. Wastes are burned releasing toxics in the air like dioxin and dumped into land field. As a result, it contaminates air, land, and water and change the climate.

     In addition, consumerism has a bad influence on human's personality. Despite that young adults own more goods than their grandparents, they are less happy. Sometimes materialistic people to get desired items experience dissatisfaction if they can't buy what they want and this leads them to unhappiness. They earn money and they spend it, and that takes time away from things that really make them happy such as family and friends.

     In conclusion, consumerism has a bad influence on our planet and human being.

Adopted from:https://sclaga.pl/tekst/127056-128-why-consumerism-consumption-is-bad (5th December 2018)

After reading the text, the readers are expected to ....

     People always want to have newest things, but they don't look what are involved in producing these items. The consumption has been increasing in a couple decades and it is still growing up. It is time for people to think about the bad influence of consumerism and what it may lead to if they don't change their behaviours.

     Consumerism is bad because it is trashing the planet. Because of people big usage of land for factories, the planet is running out of resources. People cut down the trees, blow out the mountains to get the metal inside, pollute the water and wipe out the animals to build industries. According to the video "The Story of Stuff", in the past three decades 1/3 natural resources of the planet have been consumed. Furthermore, in the U.S less than 4% of the original forest is left and 40% of the water wastes have become undrinkable. In the future if this continue, it might be no ability for people to live on Earth.

     Another way that consumption harms the planet is garbage. People buy a lot of stuff and trash them because they no longer have space to keep them all. Nowadays we make twice as much garbage as we made 40 years ago. Wastes are burned releasing toxics in the air like dioxin and dumped into land field. As a result, it contaminates air, land, and water and change the climate.

     In addition, consumerism has a bad influence on human's personality. Despite that young adults own more goods than their grandparents, they are less happy. Sometimes materialistic people to get desired items experience dissatisfaction if they can't buy what they want and this leads them to unhappiness. They earn money and they spend it, and that takes time away from things that really make them happy such as family and friends.

     In conclusion, consumerism has a bad influence on our planet and human being.

Adopted from:https://sclaga.pl/tekst/127056-128-why-consumerism-consumption-is-bad (5th December 2018)

What is the text about?

Why will customers feel cooled when shopping there?

What can people buy from the place?

To: Mrs. Zaskia

PT Arga Husada
JI. Anggrek no.45
Medan

Subject: Invitation for a seminar on "Transforming the Company through Technology Trends”

Dear Sir (Madam):

With this letter we hereby want to inform you that The Institute of Technology is organising a seminar on “Transforming the Company through Techncogy Trends" on 20th February 2019. The seminar will gather eminent speakers and scholars engaged in business and applicatíon of technology. We are using this opportunity to invite you to participate in this event. 

This seminar will discuss about how technology developments and social media enable new business opportunities This seminar is aimed at

empowering participants to encourage similar technology-based innovation processes in their own work environments. The seminar emphasizes the importance of understarding both business and technology considerations in making IT-based business innovation a reality.

It would be our great honour if you can attend this seminar. In a case you cannot attend this seminar, we would appreciate if you can appoint one of your colleagues to represent your company in the seminar. 

In the enclosure you can find the draft agenda of the seminar and registration form. Please complete full details on the attached RSVP and return by thoe 10th February 2019. Unfortunately, we are not in posìtion to accept replies received after this date.

We eagerly await your participation in the seminar.

Thanks and regards,

Prima Andika

The seminar is held to encourage participants ....

What should an employee do right after reading the announcement?