SMA Bahasa Inggris: Pertanyaan, Jawaban, Latihan Soal & Pembahasan

Tornados occur when the conditions that cause thunderstorms are unusually violent. Winds blow in opposite directions around a strong updraft start a narrow, violent whirl. Centrifugal force effectively throws the hair away from the center, leaving a core of very low pressure. This is much like stirring water in a cup, thus forming a vortex- like dip in the surface.

This low-pressure core acts as a partial vacuum, sometimes helping to life the roofs off houses. Most of the damage, though, results from the force of the wind itself. Around the edges of the whirl, wind speeds may reach 300 miles (480 kilometers) per hour. At first, the tornados funnel is whitish-gray because it is composed of minute water droplets formed as the hair in the funnel expands and cools. After touching down, the funnel becomes dark because of all of the debris it has picked up. This debris can included soil, tree limbs, and parts of buildings; tornados have been known to pick up automobiles, horses, and whole trees.

A tornado usually moves toward the east (or often northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and southeast Hemisphere) at 25 to 40 miles (40 to 65 kilometers) per hour. Fortunately, most tornados are less than half a mile (800 meters) wide; the edge of one may destroy all of the houses on one side of a street while leaving those on the other side completely undamaged.

Deaths from tornados in the United States averaged roughly 100 per year over the last century. However, they have dropped somewhat in recent decades as better forecasting and warning systems have been implemented.

 

Why is tornado's funnel dark as soon as it touches the ground?

Supply & Demand: How Markets Work

The two basic terms used most often by economists are supply and demand. The amount of something that is available - the supply - and the amount of something that people want - the demand - make up a working market. The market is the way in which an economic activity is organized between buyers and sellers through their behavior and interaction with one another.

Buyers as a group, determine the overall demand for a particular product at various prices. The interaction of buyers and sellers in the market helps to determine the market price, thereby allocating scarce goods and services efficiently. The price is taken into account when deciding how much of something to consume, and also how much to produce.

The relationship between price and quantity demanded is so universal that it is called the law of demand. This law states that with all else equal, when the price of goods rises, the quantity demanded falls - and when the price falls, the quantity demanded rises. The supply curve provides the opposite information: the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied - and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied.

A key function of the market is to find the equilibrium price when supply and demand are in balance. At this price, the goods supplied are equal to what is being demanded thereby bringing about the most efficient allocation of the goods. An efficient allocation of goods in a market is one in which no one can be made better off unless someone else is made worse off.

 

 “ ... the market to find the equilibrium price ....”

The underlined word is closest in meaning to ...

Supply & Demand: How Markets Work

The two basic terms used most often by economists are supply and demand. The amount of something that is available - the supply - and the amount of something that people want - the demand - make up a working market. The market is the way in which an economic activity is organized between buyers and sellers through their behavior and interaction with one another.

Buyers as a group, determine the overall demand for a particular product at various prices. The interaction of buyers and sellers in the market helps to determine the market price, thereby allocating scarce goods and services efficiently. The price is taken into account when deciding how much of something to consume, and also how much to produce.

The relationship between price and quantity demanded is so universal that it is called the law of demand. This law states that with all else equal, when the price of goods rises, the quantity demanded falls - and when the price falls, the quantity demanded rises. The supply curve provides the opposite information: the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied - and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied.

A key function of the market is to find the equilibrium price when supply and demand are in balance. At this price, the goods supplied are equal to what is being demanded thereby bringing about the most efficient allocation of the goods. An efficient allocation of goods in a market is one in which no one can be made better off unless someone else is made worse off.

 

Which of the followings statements is TRUE according to the text?

Supply & Demand: How Markets Work

The two basic terms used most often by economists are supply and demand. The amount of something that is available - the supply - and the amount of something that people want - the demand - make up a working market. The market is the way in which economic activity is organized between buyers and sellers through their behavior and interaction with one another.

Buyers as a group, determine the overall demand for a particular product at various prices. The interaction of buyers and sellers in the market helps to determine the market price, thereby allocating scarce goods and services efficiently. The price is taken into account when deciding how much of something to consume, and also how much to produce.

The relationship between price and quantity demanded is so universal that it is called the law of demand. This law states that with all else equal, when the price of goods rises, the quantity demanded falls - and when the price falls, the quantity demanded rises. The supply curve provides the opposite information: the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied - and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied.

A key function of the market is to find the equilibrium price when supply and demand are in balance. At this price, the goods supplied are equal to what is being demanded thereby bringing about the most efficient allocation of the goods. An efficient allocation of goods in a market is one in which no one can be made better off unless someone else is made worse off.

 

According to the law of demand, the quantity of consumption and production of goods is determined by ...

Australia has another kind of animal besides kangaroo, that is wombat. While kangaroo and wombat physically dissimilar, they both share the common marsupial feature of having a pouch. The pouch of wombat is, perhaps strangely, backward facing.

This is evolutionary benefit to the wombat’s natural behaviour though, as wombats use their rodent like front teeth and powerful claws to burrow, and their backwards pouches prevent their offspring from getting covered in dirt.

Though these stubby creatures may appear cute, they commonly become increasingly aggressive as they reach adulthood. The wombat is, however, still cuddly  enough to have its own day, which is celebrated every October 22.

 

Based on the text, we may conclude that wombat ...

Australia has another kind of animal besides kangaroo, that is wombat. While kangaroo and wombat physically dissimilar, they both share the common marsupial feature of having a pouch. The pouch of wombat is, perhaps strangely, backward facing.

This is evolutionary benefit to the wombat’s natural behaviour though, as wombats use their rodent like front teeth and powerful claws to burrow, and their backwards pouches prevent their offspring from getting covered in dirt.

Though these stubby creatures may appear cute, they commonly become increasingly aggressive as they reach adulthood. The wombat is, however, still cuddly  enough to have its own day, which is celebrated every October 22.

 

The information given in the text describes that wombat ...

Australia has another kind of animal besides kangaroo, that is wombat. While kangaroo and wombat physically dissimilar, they both share the common marsupial feature of having a pouch. The pouch of wombat is, perhaps strangely, backward facing.

This is evolutionary benefit to the wombat’s natural behaviour though, as wombats use their rodent like front teeth and powerful claws to burrow, and their backwards pouches prevent their offspring from getting covered in dirt.

Though these stubby creatures may appear cute, they commonly become increasingly aggressive as they reach adulthood. The wombat is, however, still cuddly  enough to have its own day, which is celebrated every October 22.

 

What is the similarity between kangaroo and wombat?

Many people imagine the sea-horse to be real horse living in the sea. This is not true at all. The sea - horse is so called because it is a tiny creature with a horse-liked head which lives in the sea. Sea-horse are found mostly in warm seas.

They have a long, flexible tail which is used for wrapping around weeds for support. They swim upright position, their movements being helped by a rapidly oscillating fin on their back. The male sea-horse lays her eggs in this pouch.

The most remarkable thing about the sea-horse is that part of the process of reproduction is taken over by the male creature. Once the female sea-horse has laid her eggs in the male creature's pouch, she leaves. The hatching of the egg is done by the male fish. Mating begins with the male and the female sea-horses doing courtship dance. The male and female creatures swim around each other in circles: ,

At the end of the dance, the male appears to bow to its partner, but actually, the male is banding to pump water from his pouch. Next, the female fish lays eggs into the male's pouch. About two hundred eggs arc laid. The pouch, then close up. The female sea- horse now swims away, leaving the male sea-horse to do hatching. The eggs are hatched about a month later. The young sea-horses are ejected from the male creature's pouch by means of muscular contractions.

We know from the text that ....

Many people imagine the sea-horse to be real horse living in the sea. This is not true at all. The sea - horse is so called because it is a tiny creature with a horse-liked head which lives in the sea. Sea-horse are found mostly in warm seas.

They have a long, flexible tail which is used for wrapping around weeds for support. They swim upright position, their movements being helped by a rapidly oscillating fin on their back. The male sea-horse lays her eggs in this pouch.

The most remarkable thing about the sea-horse is that part of the process of reproduction is taken over by the male creature. Once the female sea-horse has laid her eggs in the male creature's pouch, she leaves. The hatching of the egg is done by the male fish. Mating begins with the male and the female sea-horses doing courtship dance. The male and female creatures swim around each other in circles: ,

At the end of the dance, the male appears to bow to its partner, but actually, the male is banding to pump water from his pouch. Next, the female fish lays eggs into the male's pouch. About two hundred eggs arc laid. The pouch, then close up. The female sea- horse now swims away, leaving the male sea-horse to do hatching. The eggs are hatched about a month later. The young sea-horses are ejected from the male creature's pouch by means of muscular contractions.

What makes sea-horse remarkable?

Many people imagine the sea-horse to be real horse living in the sea. This is not true at all. The sea - horse is so called because it is a tiny creature with a horse-liked head which lives in the sea. Sea-horse are found mostly in warm seas.

They have a long, flexible tail which is used for wrapping around weeds for support. They swim upright position, their movements being helped by a rapidly oscillating fin on their back. The male sea-horse lays her eggs in this pouch.

The most remarkable thing about the sea-horse is that part of the process of reproduction is taken over by the male creature. Once the female sea-horse has laid her eggs in the male creature's pouch, she leaves. The hatching of the egg is done by the male fish. Mating begins with the male and the female sea-horses doing courtship dance. The male and female creatures swim around each other in circles: ,

At the end of the dance, the male appears to bow to its partner, but actually, the male is banding to pump water from his pouch. Next, the female fish lays eggs into the male's pouch. About two hundred eggs arc laid. The pouch, then close up. The female sea- horse now swims away, leaving the male sea-horse to do hatching. The eggs are hatched about a month later. The young sea-horses are ejected from the male creature's pouch by means of muscular contractions.

How does the sea-horse swing its fin?