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Pertanyaan

With the increasing concern about use and misuse of pesticides in commercial agriculture and home gardens, more and more inquiries for “organically grown” commodities are received every year. Non-chemical control practices for plant diseases have been known and recommended for years. The backbone of any integrated pest control program must always include cultural and sanitation practices, two important components of non-chemical disease control. Unfortunately, disease problems may begin as soon as seeds are planted and can continue into harvest and storage. Plant diseases may be caused by several different living pathogenic organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses. Phytoplasmas, and nematodes. In addition to these parasitic organisms, non-living factors such as deficiencies or excesses of water, light, temperatures, air pollution, pesticides, and nutrients can either presdispose a plant to disease or directly cause plant injury. Fortunately, many disease problems can be prevented or controlled without the use of pesticides. Effective plant disease control must begin at the onset of disease or even before symptoms appear. Several non-chemical practices that can reduce plant loss are as follows. First is resistance. Effective plant disease control through resistance (or a plant’s tolerance or immunity to a disease) is based on the knowledge of diseases known to occur in an area. Selection of resistant plants may eliminate many disease problems. Exclusion, another non-chemical practice, is preventing the entrance and establishment of disease causing organism (pathogens) into arcas where plants are grown. This means avoid bringing diseases into and/or moving them around in the garden. Use certified, disease-free seeds or transplants in sterilized beds or buy them from a reputable dealer. Also, avoid transporting soil or tools from knowm disease areas to disease-free areas. Last but not least is eradication. Eradication is the elimination of the disease-causing organism after it has become established on a plant. Eradication can be accomplished by sanitation, crop rotation, fallowing, and soil sanitation treatments. What topic does the paragraph following the passage most likely discuss?

               With the increasing concern about use and misuse of pesticides in commercial agriculture and home gardens, more and more inquiries for “organically grown” commodities are received every year. Non-chemical control practices for plant diseases have been known and recommended for years. The backbone of any integrated pest control program must always include cultural and sanitation practices, two important components of non-chemical disease control. Unfortunately, disease problems may begin as soon as seeds are planted and can continue into harvest and storage.

               Plant diseases may be caused by several different living pathogenic organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses. Phytoplasmas, and nematodes. In addition to these parasitic organisms, non-living factors such as deficiencies or excesses of water, light, temperatures, air pollution, pesticides, and nutrients can either presdispose a plant to disease or directly cause plant injury. Fortunately, many disease problems can be prevented or controlled without the use of pesticides.

               Effective plant disease control must begin at the onset of disease or even before symptoms appear. Several non-chemical practices that can reduce plant loss are as follows. First is resistance. Effective plant disease control through resistance (or a plant’s tolerance or immunity to a disease) is based on the knowledge of diseases known to occur in an area. Selection of resistant plants may eliminate many disease problems.

               Exclusion, another non-chemical practice, is preventing the entrance and establishment of disease causing organism (pathogens) into arcas where plants are grown. This means avoid bringing diseases into and/or moving them around in the garden. Use certified, disease-free seeds or transplants in sterilized beds or buy them from a reputable dealer. Also, avoid transporting soil or tools from knowm disease areas to disease-free areas.

               Last but not least is eradication. Eradication is the elimination of the disease-causing organism after it has become established on a plant. Eradication can be accomplished by sanitation, crop rotation, fallowing, and soil sanitation treatments.

What topic does the paragraph following the passage most likely discuss?

  1. Most effective preventive treatments of plant disease 

  2. Selection of resistant plants to eliminate many disease problems 

  3. Examination of leaves and root systems of diseased plants

  4. How disease-causing organisms establish themselves and proliferate in plants

  5. How certain measures such as sanitation are effectively use to fertilize harmful organisms

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N. Supriyaningsih

Master Teacher

Jawaban terverifikasi

Jawaban

jawaban yang benar adalah A, karena meskipun sudak dibahas langkah-langkah pencegahan atau pengobatan dalam teks tersebut, belum dijelaskan langkah mana yang paling efektif. Maka paragraf selanjutnya kemungkinan akan membahas langkah tersebut.

jawaban yang benar adalah A, karena meskipun sudak dibahas langkah-langkah pencegahan atau pengobatan dalam teks tersebut, belum dijelaskan langkah mana yang paling efektif. Maka paragraf selanjutnya kemungkinan akan membahas langkah tersebut. 

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Pembahasan

Pilihan jawaban (B) juga terdapat pada paragraf tiga. Pilihan jawaban (C) terdapat pada paragraf empat dan pilihan jawaban (D) terdapat pada paragraf lima. Pilihan jawaban (E) jelas salah karena sanitation itu adalah bagian dari eradication. Eradikasi merupakan upaya untuk menghilangkan penyakit yang diakibatkan organisme. Sementara itu pilihan E artinya 'bagaimana tindakan tertentu seperti sanitasi digunakan secara efektif untuk memupuk organisme berbahaya'. Pernyataan tersebut bertentangan dengan teks, jadi tidak akan dibahas dalam paragraf selanjutnya. Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah A, karena meskipun sudak dibahas langkah-langkah pencegahan atau pengobatan dalam teks tersebut, belum dijelaskan langkah mana yang paling efektif. Maka paragraf selanjutnya kemungkinan akan membahas langkah tersebut.

Pilihan jawaban (B) juga terdapat pada paragraf tiga. Pilihan jawaban (C) terdapat pada paragraf empat dan pilihan jawaban (D) terdapat pada paragraf lima. Pilihan jawaban (E) jelas salah karena sanitation itu adalah bagian dari eradication. Eradikasi merupakan upaya untuk menghilangkan penyakit yang diakibatkan organisme. Sementara itu pilihan E artinya 'bagaimana tindakan tertentu seperti sanitasi digunakan secara efektif untuk memupuk organisme berbahaya'. Pernyataan tersebut bertentangan dengan teks, jadi tidak akan dibahas dalam paragraf selanjutnya. Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah A, karena meskipun sudak dibahas langkah-langkah pencegahan atau pengobatan dalam teks tersebut, belum dijelaskan langkah mana yang paling efektif. Maka paragraf selanjutnya kemungkinan akan membahas langkah tersebut. 

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