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This finding implies that the high level of consumption of added sugars among teenagers may result in lower levels of high density lipoprotein levels (HDL), the good cholesterol, and higher levels of triglycerides and low density lipoproteins (LDL), the bad cholesterol. “This is first study about the association of added sugars and the indicators of heart disease risk in adolescent,” said Jean Welsh, study author and post-doctoral fellow at Emory University in Atlanta, Ga. “The higher consumers of added sugar have more unfavorable cholesterol levels. The concern is long-term exposure would place them at risk for heart disease later in adulthood.” Teenagers with the highest levels of added sugar consumption at more than 30 percent of total energy had 49.5 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) compared to 54 mg/dL of HDL levels in those with the lowest levels of added sugar consumption – a 9 percent difference. Previous studies indicate that the largest contributors of added sugars to the diet are sugary beverages such as sodas, fruit drinks, and teas. Welsh said. The study included dietary recall from one 24-hour period that researchers merged with sugar content data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Researchers estimated cardiovascular risks by added sugar consumption of less than 10 percents up to more than 30 percent of daily total enegy. Two days of dietary data were used among a subsample of 646 adolescents. The findings remained consistent. Those with higher intake of added sugar had higher LDL levels of 94.3 mg/dL compared to 86.7 in thoses with the lowest levels, a 9 percent difference. Triglyceride levels in those with the highest consumption were 79 mg/dL compared to 71.7 mg/dL among the lowest, a 9 percent difference. Overweight or obese adolescents with the highest level of added sugar consumption had increased sign of insulin resistance. The researchers used cross-sectional data so they cannot know if added sugar intake caused the differing cholesterol levels, only that they are linked. They also assessed the diet using one 24-hour recall of intake, which may not reflect on a person’s usual intake. What is the best summary of the passage?

             This finding implies that the high level of consumption of added sugars among teenagers may result in lower levels of high density lipoprotein levels (HDL), the good cholesterol, and higher levels of triglycerides and low density lipoproteins (LDL), the bad cholesterol. “This is first study about the association of added sugars and the indicators of heart disease risk in adolescent,” said Jean Welsh, study author and post-doctoral fellow at Emory University in Atlanta, Ga. “The higher consumers of added sugar have more unfavorable cholesterol levels. The concern is long-term exposure would place them at risk for heart disease later in adulthood.”

            Teenagers with the highest levels of added sugar consumption at more than 30 percent of total energy had 49.5 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL) compared to 54 mg/dL of HDL levels in those with the lowest levels of added sugar consumption – a 9 percent difference. Previous studies indicate that the largest contributors of added sugars to the diet are sugary beverages such as sodas, fruit drinks, and teas. Welsh said.

            The study included dietary recall from one 24-hour period that researchers merged with sugar content data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Researchers estimated cardiovascular risks by added sugar consumption of less than 10 percents up to more than 30 percent of daily total enegy. Two days of dietary data were used among a subsample of 646 adolescents.

            The findings remained consistent. Those with higher intake of added sugar had higher LDL levels of 94.3 mg/dL compared to 86.7 in thoses with the lowest levels, a 9 percent difference. Triglyceride levels in those with the highest consumption were 79 mg/dL compared to 71.7 mg/dL among the lowest, a 9 percent difference. Overweight or obese adolescents with the highest level of added sugar consumption had increased sign of insulin resistance.

            The researchers used cross-sectional data so they cannot know if added sugar intake caused the differing cholesterol levels, only that they are linked. They also assessed the diet using one 24-hour recall of intake, which may not reflect on a person’s usual intake.

What is the best summary of the passage? 

 

  1. High levels of added sugars may lead to low level of good cholesterol, high level of bad cholesterol, and triglyceride as well as insulin intolerance, especially in obese teenager. Based on 24-hour dietary recall, this study cannot determine the causal relation adeed sugar and different cholesterol levels. 

  2. Experts have found that there is a link between the levels of cholesterol. This can be harmful in the long term as it might lead to heart diseases. Moreover, obese or overweight children with the highest level added sugars show signs of insulin resistance. 

  3. A study was conducted to find out the correlation between added sugar and cholesterol levels. High level of sugar consumption lead to high levels of bad cholesterol and triglyceride. Therefore, people should not consume these kinds of drink too frequently. 

  4. A 24-hour dietary recall was used to asses the effect of added sugars. However, there are still two limitations. First, it cannot determine the connection between added sugars and differing cholesterol levels. Second, the recall may not represent the usual daily intake. 

  5. High levels of added sugars may lead to high level of triglyceride. Furthermore, among teenagers with overweight and obesity cases,  there can be insulin resistance. The largest sources of added sugar are sugary beverages. It is then important not to have sugary beverages to much. 

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Berdasarkan paragraf pertama dapat diketahui bahwa konsumsi gula tambahan pada remaja menyebabkan tingkat rendah dari kolesterol yang baik dan tingkat yang tinggi dari kolesterol yang jahat sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi gula yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Paragraf kedua menjelaskan tentang penelitian yang mengungkapkan bahwa minuman manis seperti soda, jus buah dan teh merupakan produk minuman yang mengandung gula yang tinggi. Paragraf ketiga dan keempat menceritakan tentang penelitian yang dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa konsumsi gula berlebih dapat meningkatkan resistensi insulin. Paragraf terakhir merupakan opini dari opini penulis yang menyatakan bahwa para peneliti menggunakan ‘data cross-sectional’ sehingga mereka tidak dapat mengetahui apakah tambahan asupan gula menyebabkan tingkat kolesterol yang berbeda, hanya saja karena mereka terhubung, dan penelitian berdasarkan kebiasaan makan selama 24 jam tidak bisa menentukan kebiasaannya sehari-hari, sehingga pilihan jawaban yang tepat untuk menyimpulkan teks tersebut adalah pilihan jawaban (D).

Berdasarkan paragraf pertama dapat diketahui bahwa konsumsi gula tambahan pada remaja menyebabkan tingkat rendah dari kolesterol yang baik dan tingkat yang tinggi dari kolesterol yang jahat sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi gula yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Paragraf kedua menjelaskan tentang penelitian yang mengungkapkan bahwa minuman manis seperti soda, jus buah dan teh merupakan produk minuman yang mengandung gula yang tinggi. Paragraf ketiga dan keempat menceritakan tentang penelitian yang dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa konsumsi gula berlebih dapat meningkatkan resistensi insulin. Paragraf terakhir merupakan opini dari opini penulis yang menyatakan bahwa para peneliti menggunakan ‘data cross-sectional’ sehingga mereka tidak dapat mengetahui apakah tambahan asupan gula menyebabkan tingkat kolesterol yang berbeda, hanya saja karena mereka terhubung, dan penelitian berdasarkan kebiasaan makan selama 24 jam tidak bisa menentukan kebiasaannya sehari-hari, sehingga pilihan jawaban yang tepat untuk menyimpulkan teks tersebut adalah pilihan jawaban (D).

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