This following text is for questions 77 to 78.
 

    Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and ornament manufacture. He was the inventor of dynamite. He also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannons and other ornaments. He held 355 different patents, dynamite being the most famous, In his last will, he used his enomous fortune to institute the Nobel prizes. The synthetic element nobelium was named after him. He was the third son of Immanuel Nobel and Adriette Ahsell Nobel. Born in Stockholm on 21 October 1833, he went with his family to Sain Petersburg in 1842, where his father invented modern plywood. He stud ied chemistry with Professor Nikolay Nikolaevich Zinin . When he was 18, he went to the United States to study chemistry for four years and worked for a short period under John Ericsosn, who designed the American Civil War ironclad USS Monitor.

    Returning to Sweden with his father after the bankruptcy of his family business, he then devoted himself to the study of explosives, and especially to the save manufacture and use of nitroglycerine (discovered in 1847 by Ascanio Sobrero, one of his fellow students under Theophile-Jules Pelouze at the University of Turin ). A big axplosion occured on 2 September 1864 at his factory in Heleneborg in Stockholm, killing five people. Among them was his younger brother, Emil.

The foundations of the Nobel Prize were laid i n 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will, leaving much of his wealth for its estabilshment. Since 1901, the prize has honores men and women for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and for work in peace.

What is the main idea of paragraph 2?