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This text is for questions 24 to 26.
The Concept of Kibun in South Korea
Kibun is a word with no literal English translation; the closest terms are pride, face, mood, feelings, or state of mind. If you hurt someone's kibun, you can hurt their pride, cause them to lose dignity, and lose face. Korean interpersonal relationship operates on the principle of harmony. It is important to maintain a peaceful, comfortable atmosphere at all times, even if it means telling a '"white lie". It is important to know how to judge the state of someone else's kibun, how to avoid hurting it, and how to keep your won kibun at the same time. In business, a manager's kibun is damaged if his subordinate cannot show proper respect. A subordinate's kibun is damaged if his manager criticizes him in public.
Nunchi is the ability to determine another person's kibun by using the eye. Since this is a culture where social harmony is crucial, being able to judge another person's state of mind is critical to maintain the person's kibun. Nunchi is accomplished by watching body language and listening to the tone of voice as well as what it said.
Adopted from: https://www.commisceo-global.com/resources/country-guides/south-korea-guide (April 11, 2020)
How does South Korean interpersonal relationship operate?
It must keep dignity.
It must judge others.
It must maintain the pride.
It must have strong principles.
It must keep a peaceful atmosphere.
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