Questions 64-65 are based on the following passage.

    Antarctica has lost 3 trillion tons of ice in the past 25 years, and that ice loss has accelerated rapidly over the last five years. In a new study, the most comprehensive in date of the continent's icy status, an international group of 84 researchers analyzed data from multiple satellite surveys, from 1992 to 2017. They discovered that Antartica is currently losing ice about three times faster than it did until 2012, climbing to a rate of more than 241 billion tons (219 billion metric tons) per year. Total we loss during the 25 year period contributed to sea level rise of about 0.3 inches (around 8 millimeters), approximately 40 percent of which about 0.1 inches (3 mm) ­ happened in the past five years.

    Millimeters of sea level rise may not sound like much, but previous surveys suggested that Antartica's massive ice sheets likely wouldn't be affected by climate change at all. The new findings hint that the continent's ice cover may not be as resistant to warming as once thought, and present a very different picture of Antartica's potential contributions to a rising ocean. Consider that if all of Antartica's ice melted, the resulting water could elevate sea levels by about 190 feet (58 meters), the researchers reported.

    Their study, published online today (June 13) in the journal Nature Research, is one of five Antartica reports released simultaneously. Together, the studies evaluate past and present conditions in Antartica to determine the impact of climate change and human activity on the continent, and to present strategies for the future of its ecology and geology. For the new study, the scientists combined data from three types of satellite measurements to track changes in ice over time, study co-author Andrew Shepherd, a professor of Earth observation with the School of Earth and Environment at the University of Leeds in the U.K told Live Science.

    "The satellite measurements tell us that the ice sheet is much more dynamic than we used to think," he said. "If you take a look at the first I PCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assessment report - 30 years ago, before we had satellite measurements of the polar regions - you'll see that the ice sheets were not expected to respond to climate change at all. The general consensus in glaciology was that ice sheets couldn't change rapidly - but that's not the case," Shepherd said.

The author begins paragraph 3 by explaining the purpose of the studies followed by ....