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Lengkapilah tabel di bawah ini dengan cara menggabungkan antara kation dan anion serta tuliskanlah nama senyawa sesuai dengan tata nama senyawa IUPAC. RUMUS : Kation + Anion

Lengkapilah tabel di bawah ini dengan cara menggabungkan antara kation dan anion serta tuliskanlah nama senyawa sesuai dengan tata nama senyawa IUPAC.

RUMUS : Kation + Anion


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Pembahasan

Untuk menyelesaikan soal diatas perlu diperhatikan hal-hal berikut. Secara umum rumus pembentukan senyawa ionik yaitu: Tata nama senyawa asam yaitu kation mengacu untuk "asam", sementara anionnya diberi akhiran "ida" jika biner, dan jika anion poliatom maka mengikuti nama khusus anion poliatom tersebut. Tata nama senyawa ionik dengan kation golongan utama yaitu indeks atom tidak disebutkan, nama kation ditulis terlebih dahulu, diikuti nama anion. Jika senyawa ionik biner, maka anion diberi akhiran "ida". Dengan demikian, rumus senyawa yang terbentuk beserta nama-namanya pada soal adalah sebagai berikut. Anion Anion Anion Anion Anion Jadi, tabel secara lengkap adalah sebagai berikut. .

Untuk menyelesaikan soal diatas perlu diperhatikan hal-hal berikut.

  • Secara umum rumus pembentukan senyawa ionik yaitu:


Senyawa space biner space colon X to the power of a plus end exponent space plus space Y to the power of b minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space X subscript b Y subscript a  Senyawa space poliatom space colon X to the power of a plus end exponent space plus space YZ to the power of b minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space X subscript b open parentheses YZ close parentheses subscript a

 

  • Tata nama senyawa asam yaitu kation H to the power of plus sign mengacu untuk "asam", sementara anionnya diberi akhiran "ida" jika biner, dan jika anion poliatom maka mengikuti nama khusus anion poliatom tersebut.
  • Tata nama senyawa ionik dengan kation golongan utama yaitu indeks atom tidak disebutkan, nama kation ditulis terlebih dahulu, diikuti nama anion. Jika senyawa ionik biner, maka anion diberi akhiran "ida".

Dengan demikian, rumus senyawa yang terbentuk beserta nama-namanya pada soal adalah sebagai berikut.

  • Anion Cl to the power of minus sign


Kation space Na to the power of plus sign space colon Na to the power of plus sign space plus space Cl to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Na Cl space space space space space space space left parenthesis natrium space klorida right parenthesis Kation space Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space Cl to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Ca Cl subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis kalsium space klorida right parenthesis Kation space Al to the power of 3 plus sign space colon Al to the power of 3 plus sign space plus space Cl to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Al Cl subscript 3 space space space space space space space space left parenthesis aluminium space klorida right parenthesis Kation space Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space Cl to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Mg Cl subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis magnesium space klorida right parenthesis 

 

  • Anion N O subscript 3 to the power of minus sign


Kation space H to the power of plus sign space colon H to the power of plus sign space plus space N O subscript 3 to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space H N O subscript 3 space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis asam space nitrat right parenthesis Kation space Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space N O subscript 3 to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Ca open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis kalsium space nitrat right parenthesis Kation space Al to the power of 3 plus sign space colon Al to the power of 3 plus sign space plus space N O subscript 3 to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Al open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 3 space space space space space space space space left parenthesis aluminium space nitrat right parenthesis Kation space Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space N O subscript 3 to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Mg open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis magnesium space nitrat right parenthesis 

 

  • Anion S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent


Kation space H to the power of plus sign space colon H to the power of plus sign space plus space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space H subscript 2 S O subscript 4 space space space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis asam space sulfat right parenthesis Kation space Na to the power of plus sign space colon Na to the power of plus sign space plus space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Na subscript 2 S O subscript 4 space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis natrium space sulfat right parenthesis Kation space Al to the power of 3 plus sign space colon Al to the power of 3 plus sign space plus space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Al subscript 2 open parentheses S O subscript 4 close parentheses subscript 3 space space space space space space left parenthesis aluminium space sulfat right parenthesis Kation space Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Mg S O subscript 4 space space space space space space space space left parenthesis magnesium space sulfat right parenthesis 

 

  • Anion P O subscript 4 to the power of 3 minus sign end exponent


Kation space H to the power of plus sign space colon H to the power of plus sign space plus space P O subscript 4 to the power of 3 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space H subscript 3 P O subscript 4 space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis asam space fosfat right parenthesis Kation space Na to the power of plus sign space colon Na to the power of plus sign space plus space P O subscript 4 to the power of 3 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Na subscript 3 P O subscript 4 space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis natrium space fosfat right parenthesis Kation space Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space P O subscript 4 to the power of 3 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Ca subscript 3 open parentheses P O subscript 4 close parentheses subscript 2 space space space space space space left parenthesis kalsium space fosfat right parenthesis Kation space Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Mg to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space P O subscript 4 to the power of 3 minus sign end exponent space rightwards arrow space Mg subscript 3 open parentheses P O subscript 4 close parentheses subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis magnesium space fosfat right parenthesis

 

  • Anion O H to the power of minus sign


Kation space H to the power of plus sign space colon H to the power of plus sign space plus space O H to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space H subscript 2 O space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis dihirogen space monoksida double bond air right parenthesis Kation space Na to the power of plus sign space colon Na to the power of plus sign space plus space O H to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Na O H space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis natrium space hidroksida right parenthesis Kation space Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space colon Ca to the power of 2 plus sign space plus space O H to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Ca open parentheses O H close parentheses subscript 2 space space space space space left parenthesis kalsium space hidroksida right parenthesis Kation space Al to the power of 3 plus sign space colon Al to the power of 3 plus sign space plus space O H to the power of minus sign space rightwards arrow space Al open parentheses O H close parentheses subscript 3 space space space space space space space space left parenthesis aluminium space hidroksida right parenthesis 


Jadi, tabel secara lengkap adalah sebagai berikut.


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