Pertanyaan

The Cultivation System in Java

To overcome bankruptcy, the Dutch colonial government implemented The Cultivation System or cultuurstelsel (Dutch) in Java in the mid 19th century. With that system, the Dutch Government planned to monopolize the cultivation of export crops on Java. As a result, much of Java became Dutch plantations.

The system obliged the villagers to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops that were decided by the Dutch. Among the crops were tobacco, sugar cane, rubber, and cocoa. Villagers then had to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year. To make sure people did not escape the work, the Dutch Government restricted human mobility. People were not allowed to travel freely without permission. Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned.

To handle and control the process, the Dutch set up a network of local middlemen, who profited greatly from the system. The Dutch gave a lot of bonuses if a residency gave more crops than before. It resulted in the local people suffering severe oppression.

The Cultivation System was very successful. The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government. Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony. The figure increased to 33% between 1860 and 1866.

For the local people, the system was horrible. They suffered a lot because of their living standards. They worked hard to plant the crops but they got little money, because the Dutch government applied fixed pricing.

From several source (PR/100/GG)

H. Main ideas. Work in groups and find the main ideas of theparagraph. The main idea of the secondparagraph: ____ Write the details that support the main idea.

H. Main ideas. Work in groups and find the main ideas of the paragraph.

The main idea of the second paragraph: ____

Write the details that support the main idea.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

Pembahasan

Soal memerintahkan untuk menemukan dan menulis ide pokok paragraf 2dan detail yang mendukungide pokok tersebut. Ide pokok merupakangambaran keseluruhan dari sebuah paragraf. Detailyang mendukungide pokok dapat berupa pernyataan dan juga fakta yang spesifik. Terjemahan paragraf 2adalah "Sistem tersebut mewajibkan penduduk desa untuk memberikan 20%lahan pertanian mereka untuk tanaman ekspor yang diputuskan oleh Belanda. Tanaman itu antara lain tembakau, tebu, karet, dan kakao. Penduduk desa kemudian harus bekerja di perkebunan Belanda selama 60 hari dalam setahun. Untuk memastikan orang tidak luput dari pekerjaan, Pemerintah Belanda membatasi mobilitas manusia. Orang-orang tidak diizinkan untuk bepergian dengan bebas tanpa izin. Mereka yang melanggar aturan ditangkap dan dipenjarakan.". Dari terjemahan tersebut, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa ide pokok pada paragraf 2adalah "Peraturan Sistem Tanam Paksa yang diputuskanoleh pemerintah Belanda.". Kemudian, detail yang mendukungide pokok tersebut adalah "Penduduk desa diwajibkan untuk memberikan 20%lahanmereka untuk tanaman ekspor. Kemudian, Penduduk desa harus bekerja di perkebunan Belanda selama 60 hari dalam setahun. Orang-orang tidak diizinkan untuk bepergian dengan bebas tanpa izin. Mereka yang melanggar aturan ditangkap dan dipenjarakan.". Sehingga, contoh jawaban untuk soal tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: 1. The main idea of the secondparagraph: The policy of the Cultivation System decided by the Dutch colonial government. 2. Write the details that support the main idea: The villagers were obliged to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops. Villagershad to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year. People were not allowed to travel freely without permission. Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned. Jadi, contoh jawaban yang benar adalah sebagai berikut: 1. The main idea of the secondparagraph: The policy of the Cultivation System decided by the Dutch colonial government. 2. Write the details that support the main idea: The villagers were obliged to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops. Villagershad to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year. People were not allowed to travel freely without permission. Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned.

Soal memerintahkan untuk menemukan dan menulis ide pokok paragraf 2 dan detail yang mendukung ide pokok tersebut.

Ide pokok merupakan gambaran keseluruhan dari sebuah paragraf. Detail yang mendukung ide pokok dapat berupa pernyataan dan juga fakta yang spesifik.

Terjemahan paragraf 2 adalah "Sistem tersebut mewajibkan penduduk desa untuk memberikan 20% lahan pertanian mereka untuk tanaman ekspor yang diputuskan oleh Belanda. Tanaman itu antara lain tembakau, tebu, karet, dan kakao. Penduduk desa kemudian harus bekerja di perkebunan Belanda selama 60 hari dalam setahun. Untuk memastikan orang tidak luput dari pekerjaan, Pemerintah Belanda membatasi mobilitas manusia. Orang-orang tidak diizinkan untuk bepergian dengan bebas tanpa izin. Mereka yang melanggar aturan ditangkap dan dipenjarakan.".

Dari terjemahan tersebut, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa ide pokok pada paragraf 2 adalah "Peraturan Sistem Tanam Paksa yang diputuskan oleh pemerintah Belanda.".

Kemudian, detail yang mendukung ide pokok tersebut adalah "Penduduk desa diwajibkan untuk memberikan 20% lahan mereka untuk tanaman ekspor. Kemudian, Penduduk desa harus bekerja di perkebunan Belanda selama 60 hari dalam setahun. Orang-orang tidak diizinkan untuk bepergian dengan bebas tanpa izin. Mereka yang melanggar aturan ditangkap dan dipenjarakan.".

Sehingga, contoh jawaban untuk soal tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:

1. The main idea of the second paragraph:

The policy of the Cultivation System decided by the Dutch colonial government.

2. Write the details that support the main idea:

The villagers were obliged to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops.
Villagers had to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year.
People were not allowed to travel freely without permission.
Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned.

Jadi, contoh jawaban yang benar adalah sebagai berikut:

1. The main idea of the second paragraph:

The policy of the Cultivation System decided by the Dutch colonial government.

2. Write the details that support the main idea:

The villagers were obliged to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops.
Villagers had to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year.
People were not allowed to travel freely without permission.
Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned.

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