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The Cultivation System in Java
To overcome bankruptcy, the Dutch colonial government implemented The Cultivation System or cultuurstelsel (Dutch) in Java in the mid 19th century. With that system, the Dutch Government planned to monopolize the cultivation of export crops on Java. As a result, much of Java became Dutch plantations.
The system obliged the villagers to devote 20% of their cultivation field to export crops that were decided by the Dutch. Among the crops were tobacco, sugar cane, rubber, and cocoa. Villagers then had to work on the Dutch plantations for 60 days in a year. To make sure people did not escape the work, the Dutch Government restricted human mobility. People were not allowed to travel freely without permission. Those who broke the rules were arrested and imprisoned.
To handle and control the process, the Dutch set up a network of local middlemen, who profited greatly from the system. The Dutch gave a lot of bonuses if a residency gave more crops than before. It resulted in the local people suffering severe oppression.
The Cultivation System was very successful. The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government. Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony. The figure increased to 33% between 1860 and 1866.
For the local people, the system was horrible. They suffered a lot because of their living standards. They worked hard to plant the crops but they got little money, because the Dutch government applied fixed pricing.
From several source (PR/100/GG)
H. Main ideas. Work in groups and find the main ideas of theparagraph. The main idea of the fourth paragraph: ____ Write the details that support the main idea.
H. Main ideas. Work in groups and find the main ideas of the paragraph.
The main idea of the fourth paragraph: ____
Write the details that support the main idea.
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Pembahasan
Soal memerintahkan untuk menemukan dan menulis ide pokok paragraf 4dan detail yang mendukungide pokok tersebut. Ide pokok merupakangambaran keseluruhan dari sebuah paragraf. Detailyang mendukungide pokok dapat berupa pernyataan dan juga fakta yang spesifik. Terjemahan paragraf 4adalah "Sistem Tanam Paksasangat berhasil. Belanda memperoleh banyak uang untuk menjalankan pemerintahan kolonialnya. Antara 1832 dan 1852, 19% dari total pendapatan Belanda berasal dari koloni Jawa mereka. Angka tersebut meningkat menjadi 33% antara tahun 1860 dan 1866.". Dari terjemahan tersebut, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa ide pokok paragraf 4 adalah "Keberhasilan Sistem Tanam Paksa.". Kemudian, detail yang mendukungide pokok tersebut adalah "Belanda memperoleh banyak uang untuk menjalankan pemerintahan kolonialnya. Kemudian, di antara tahun 1832 dan 1852, 19% dari total pendapatan Belanda berasal dari koloni Jawa mereka (1832-1852). Pendapatan mereka terus meningkat 33%di antaratahun 1860 dan 1866.". Sehingga, contoh jawaban untuk soal tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: 1. The main idea of the fourthparagraph: The Cultivation System was very successfull 2. Write the details that support the main idea: The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government. Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony. Theincome continued to increase by 33% between 1860 and 1866. Jadi, contoh jawaban yang benar adalah sebagai berikut: 1. The main idea of the fourth paragraph: The Cultivation System was very successfull 2. Write the details that support the main idea: The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government. Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony. Theincome continued to increase by 33% between 1860 and 1866.
Soal memerintahkan untuk menemukan dan menulis ide pokok paragraf 4 dan detail yang mendukung ide pokok tersebut.
Ide pokok merupakan gambaran keseluruhan dari sebuah paragraf. Detail yang mendukung ide pokok dapat berupa pernyataan dan juga fakta yang spesifik.
Terjemahan paragraf 4 adalah "Sistem Tanam Paksa sangat berhasil. Belanda memperoleh banyak uang untuk menjalankan pemerintahan kolonialnya. Antara 1832 dan 1852, 19% dari total pendapatan Belanda berasal dari koloni Jawa mereka. Angka tersebut meningkat menjadi 33% antara tahun 1860 dan 1866.".
Dari terjemahan tersebut, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa ide pokok paragraf 4 adalah "Keberhasilan Sistem Tanam Paksa.".
Kemudian, detail yang mendukung ide pokok tersebut adalah "Belanda memperoleh banyak uang untuk menjalankan pemerintahan kolonialnya. Kemudian, di antara tahun 1832 dan 1852, 19% dari total pendapatan Belanda berasal dari koloni Jawa mereka (1832-1852). Pendapatan mereka terus meningkat 33% di antara tahun 1860 dan 1866.".
Sehingga, contoh jawaban untuk soal tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:
1. The main idea of the fourth paragraph:
- The Cultivation System was very successfull
2. Write the details that support the main idea:
- The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government.
- Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony.
- The income continued to increase by 33% between 1860 and 1866.
Jadi, contoh jawaban yang benar adalah sebagai berikut:
1. The main idea of the fourth paragraph:
- The Cultivation System was very successfull
2. Write the details that support the main idea:
- The Dutch earned a lot of money to run their colonial government.
- Between 1832 and 1852, 19% of total Dutch income was from their Javanese colony.
- The income continued to increase by 33% between 1860 and 1866.
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