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Diketahui a = ( x + 1 ) x + 1 ( 2 x + 1 + 2 x + 2 + 2 x + 3 ) dan b = ( 7 3 x + 8 ​ ) x + 1 4 9 2 1 ​ x + 1 . Jika a = b , maka banyaknya nilai x yang memenuhi adalah ....

Diketahui  dan . Jika , maka banyaknya nilai  yang memenuhi adalah ....

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I. Roy

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Jawaban terverifikasi

Jawaban

jawaban yang tepat adalah B.

jawaban yang tepat adalah B.

Pembahasan

Perhatikan bahwa dan Karena , maka Ingat bahwa jika , maka dengan syarat dan dengan syarat bahwa haruslah bilangan genap Pandang persamaan . Pada persamaan ini, dapat kita misalkan , sehingga didapat dengan syarat dan Selanjutnya, kita periksa nilai dan saat . Karena , maka tidak memenuhi persamaan . dengan syarat bahwa haruslah bilangan genap Selanjutnya, kita periksa nilai saat . Karena (ganjil), maka tidak memenuhi persamaan . Dengan demikian, kita peroleh nilai yang memenuhi persamaan adalah , sehingga banyaknya nilai yang memenuhi ada sebanyak 1. Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah B.

Perhatikan bahwa

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row a equals cell open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent open parentheses 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent plus 2 to the power of x plus 2 end exponent plus 2 to the power of x plus 3 end exponent close parentheses end cell row blank equals cell open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent open parentheses 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent plus 2 times 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent plus 2 squared times 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent close parentheses end cell row blank equals cell open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent open parentheses 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent plus 2 times 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent plus 4 times 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent close parentheses end cell row blank equals cell open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent open parentheses 1 plus 2 plus 4 close parentheses space 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent space 2 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 open parentheses 2 open parentheses x plus 1 close parentheses close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 open parentheses 2 x plus 2 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell end table end style

dan

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row b equals cell open parentheses fraction numerator 3 x plus 8 over denominator 7 end fraction close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent 49 to the power of 1 half x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell open parentheses fraction numerator 3 x plus 8 over denominator 7 end fraction close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent open parentheses 7 squared close parentheses to the power of 1 half x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell open parentheses fraction numerator 3 x plus 8 over denominator 7 end fraction close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent 7 to the power of x plus 2 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 space open parentheses 7 to the power of x plus 1 end exponent close parentheses open parentheses fraction numerator 3 x plus 8 over denominator 7 end fraction close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 open parentheses 7 open parentheses fraction numerator 3 x plus 8 over denominator 7 end fraction close parentheses close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank equals cell 7 open parentheses 3 x plus 8 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row blank blank blank end table end style

Karena begin mathsize 14px style a equals b end style, maka

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell 7 left parenthesis 2 x plus 2 right parenthesis to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell equals cell 7 open parentheses 3 x plus 8 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell row cell left parenthesis 2 x plus 2 right parenthesis to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell equals cell left parenthesis 3 x plus 8 right parenthesis to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end cell end table end style

Ingat bahwa jika begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis to the power of h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end exponent equals g left parenthesis x right parenthesis to the power of h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end exponent end style, maka

  1. begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style
  2. begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 0 end style dengan syarat size 14px f size 14px left parenthesis size 14px x size 14px right parenthesis size 14px not equal to size 14px 0 dan size 14px g size 14px left parenthesis size 14px x size 14px right parenthesis size 14px not equal to size 14px 0
  3. begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals negative g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style dengan syarat bahwa begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style haruslah bilangan genap
     

Pandang persamaan begin mathsize 14px style open parentheses 2 x plus 2 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent equals open parentheses 7 x minus 8 close parentheses to the power of x plus 1 end exponent end style. Pada persamaan ini, dapat kita misalkan

begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 2 x plus 2 end style
begin mathsize 14px style g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 3 x plus 8 end style
begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals x plus 1 end style,

sehingga didapat

  1. begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell 2 x plus 2 end cell equals cell 3 x plus 8 end cell row cell 2 x minus 3 x end cell equals cell 8 minus 2 end cell row cell negative x end cell equals 6 row x equals cell negative 6 end cell end table end style
     
  2. begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 0 end style dengan syarat size 14px f size 14px left parenthesis size 14px x size 14px right parenthesis size 14px not equal to size 14px 0 dan size 14px g size 14px left parenthesis size 14px x size 14px right parenthesis size 14px not equal to size 14px 0

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell equals 0 row cell x plus 1 end cell equals 0 row x equals cell negative 1 end cell end table end style

    Selanjutnya, kita periksa nilai begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style dan size 14px g size 14px left parenthesis size 14px x size 14px right parenthesis saat begin mathsize 14px style x equals negative 1 end style.

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell f left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell equals cell 2 x plus 2 end cell row cell f left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals cell 2 left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis plus 2 end cell row cell f left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals cell negative 2 plus 2 end cell row cell f left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals 0 end table end style

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell equals cell 3 x plus 8 end cell row cell g left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals cell 3 left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis plus 8 end cell row cell g left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals cell negative 3 plus 8 end cell row cell g left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis end cell equals 5 end table end style

    Karena begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis equals 0 end style, makabegin mathsize 14px style x equals negative 1 end style  tidak memenuhi persamaan.
     
  3. begin mathsize 14px style f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals negative g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style dengan syarat bahwa begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style haruslah bilangan genap

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell f left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell equals cell negative g left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell row cell 2 x plus 2 end cell equals cell negative left parenthesis 3 x plus 8 right parenthesis end cell row cell 2 x plus 2 end cell equals cell negative 3 x minus 8 end cell row cell 2 x plus 3 x end cell equals cell negative 8 minus 2 end cell row cell 5 x end cell equals cell negative 10 end cell row x equals cell negative 2 end cell end table end style

    Selanjutnya, kita periksa nilai begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end style saat begin mathsize 14px style x equals negative 2 end style.

    begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell h left parenthesis x right parenthesis end cell equals cell x plus 1 end cell row cell h left parenthesis negative 2 right parenthesis end cell equals cell negative 2 plus 1 end cell row cell h left parenthesis negative 2 right parenthesis end cell equals cell negative 1 end cell end table end style

    Karena begin mathsize 14px style h left parenthesis negative 2 right parenthesis equals negative 1 end style (ganjil), maka begin mathsize 14px style x equals negative 2 end style tidak memenuhi persamaan.

Dengan demikian, kita peroleh nilai begin mathsize 14px style x end style yang memenuhi persamaan adalah begin mathsize 14px style negative 6 end style, sehingga banyaknya nilai begin mathsize 14px style x end style yang memenuhi ada sebanyak 1.

Jadi, jawaban yang tepat adalah B.

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