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Pertanyaan

Apakah terjadi pengendapan jika larutan-larutan berikut dicampur dan jika terbentuk, berapa gram endapan yang terbentuk? a.100 mL AgNO 3 ​ 0,05 M + 100 mL Na 2 ​ C 2 ​ O 4 ​ 0,1 M b.100 mL Sr ( NO 3 ​ ) 2 ​ 0,05 M + 100 mL Na 2 ​ SO 4 ​ 0,1 M

Apakah terjadi pengendapan jika larutan-larutan berikut dicampur dan jika terbentuk, berapa gram endapan yang terbentuk?

a. 100 mL  0,05 M + 100 mL  0,1 M 

b. 100 mL  0,05 M + 100 mL  0,1 M

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J. Siregar

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Negeri Medan

Jawaban terverifikasi

Jawaban

kedua campuran tersebut menghasilkan endapan dengan massa masing-masing adalah 0,76 g dan 0,92 g.

kedua campuran tersebut menghasilkan endapan dengan massa masing-masing adalah 0,76 g dan 0,92 g.

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Pembahasan

Pengendapan dapat diperkirakan apabila hasil kali konsentrasi ion ( ) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan ( ) atau . a.100 mL 0,05 M + 100 mL 0,1 M Persamaan reaksi yang terjadi: Keadaan awal : Setelah pencampuran : Persamaan reaksi kesetimbangan yang terjadi adalah: Hasil kali konsentrasi ion ( ) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan( ) maka akan terjadi pengendapan. Massa endapan yang terbentuk: b.100 mL 0,05 M + 100 mL 0,1 M Persamaan reaksi yang terjadi: Keadaan awal : Setelah pencampuran : Persamaan reaksi kesetimbangan yang terjadi adalah: Hasil kali konsentrasi ion ( ) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan( ) maka akan terjadi pengendapan. Massa endapan yang terbentuk: Jadi, kedua campuran tersebut menghasilkan endapan dengan massa masing-masing adalah 0,76 g dan 0,92 g.

Pengendapan dapat diperkirakan apabila hasil kali konsentrasi ion (begin mathsize 14px style Q subscript sp end style) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan (begin mathsize 14px style K subscript sp end style) atau begin mathsize 14px style Q subscript sp greater than K subscript sp end style.

a. 100 mL begin mathsize 14px style Ag N O subscript 3 end style 0,05 M + 100 mL begin mathsize 14px style Na subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 end style 0,1 M

Persamaan reaksi yang terjadi:

begin mathsize 14px style 2 Ag N O subscript 3 and Na subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 yields Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 and 2 Na N O subscript 3 end style 

Keadaan awal:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell n space Ag N O subscript 3 end cell row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell left parenthesis M cross times V right parenthesis subscript Ag N O subscript 3 end subscript end cell row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell 0 comma 05 space M cross times 100 space mL end cell row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell 5 space mmol end cell row blank blank blank row cell n space C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end cell equals cell n space Na subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 end cell row cell n space C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end cell equals cell left parenthesis M cross times V right parenthesis subscript Na subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 end subscript end cell row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell 0 comma 1 space M cross times 100 space mL end cell row cell n space Ag to the power of plus sign end cell equals cell 10 space mmol end cell row blank blank blank row cell Volume space total end cell equals cell left parenthesis 100 plus 100 right parenthesis space mL end cell row cell Volume space total end cell equals cell 200 space mL end cell end table end style 

Setelah pencampuran:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open square brackets Ag to the power of plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell mol over V subscript total end cell row cell open square brackets Ag to the power of plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell fraction numerator 5 space mmol over denominator 200 space mL end fraction end cell row cell open square brackets Ag to the power of plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space M end cell row blank blank blank row cell open square brackets C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent close square brackets end cell equals cell mol over V subscript total end cell row cell open square brackets C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent close square brackets end cell equals cell fraction numerator 10 space mmol over denominator 200 space mL end fraction end cell row cell open square brackets C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent close square brackets end cell equals cell 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space M end cell end table end style 

Persamaan reaksi kesetimbangan yang terjadi adalah:

begin mathsize 14px style Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 equilibrium 2 Ag to the power of plus sign and C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end style 

 begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell K subscript sp end cell equals cell 1 comma 1 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 11 end exponent end cell row blank blank blank row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell open square brackets Ag to the power of plus sign close square brackets squared open square brackets C subscript 2 O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign close square brackets end cell row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell left parenthesis 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent right parenthesis squared cross times left parenthesis 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent right parenthesis end cell row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell 6 comma 25 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 4 end exponent cross times 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent end cell row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell 3 comma 125 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 5 end exponent end cell end table end style 

Hasil kali konsentrasi ion (begin mathsize 14px style Q subscript sp end style) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan (begin mathsize 14px style K subscript sp end style) maka akan terjadi pengendapan.

Massa endapan begin mathsize 14px style Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 end style yang terbentuk:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open square brackets Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell fraction numerator koefisien space Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 over denominator koefisien space Ag to the power of plus sign end fraction cross times open square brackets Ag to the power of plus sign close square brackets end cell row cell open square brackets Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell 1 half cross times 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent end cell row cell open square brackets Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell 0 comma 0125 space M end cell row blank blank blank row M equals cell m over M subscript r cross times 1000 over V end cell row cell 0 comma 0125 end cell equals cell m over 304 cross times 1000 over 200 end cell row cell m space Ag subscript 2 C subscript 2 O subscript 4 end cell equals cell 0 comma 76 space g end cell end table end style 

 

b. 100 mL begin mathsize 14px style Sr open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 2 end style 0,05 M + 100 mL begin mathsize 14px style Na subscript 2 S O subscript 4 end style 0,1 M

Persamaan reaksi yang terjadi:

begin mathsize 14px style Sr left parenthesis N O subscript 3 right parenthesis subscript 2 plus Na subscript 2 S O subscript 4 yields Sr S O subscript 4 and 2 Na N O subscript 3 end style  

Keadaan awal:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell n space Sr to the power of 2 plus sign end cell equals cell n space Sr open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 2 end cell row cell n space Sr to the power of 2 plus sign end cell equals cell left parenthesis M cross times V right parenthesis subscript Sr open parentheses N O subscript 3 close parentheses subscript 2 end subscript end cell row cell n space Sr to the power of 2 plus sign end cell equals cell 0 comma 05 space M cross times 100 space mL end cell row cell n space Sr to the power of 2 plus sign end cell equals cell 5 space mmol end cell row blank blank blank row cell n space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end cell equals cell n space Na subscript 2 S O subscript 4 end cell row cell n space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end cell equals cell left parenthesis M cross times V right parenthesis subscript Na subscript 2 S O subscript 4 end subscript end cell row cell n space S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end cell equals cell 0 comma 1 space M cross times 100 space mL end cell row cell n space S O blank subscript 4 superscript 2 minus sign end superscript end cell equals cell 10 space mmol end cell row blank blank blank row cell Volume space total end cell equals cell left parenthesis 100 plus 100 right parenthesis space mL end cell row cell Volume space total end cell equals cell 200 space mL end cell end table end style  

Setelah pencampuran:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open square brackets Sr to the power of 2 plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell mol over V subscript total end cell row cell open square brackets Sr to the power of 2 plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell fraction numerator 5 space mmol over denominator 200 space mL end fraction end cell row cell open square brackets Sr to the power of 2 plus sign close square brackets end cell equals cell 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space M end cell row blank blank blank row cell left square bracket S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent right square bracket end cell equals cell mol over V subscript total end cell row cell left square bracket S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent right square bracket end cell equals cell fraction numerator 10 space mmol over denominator 200 space mL end fraction end cell row cell left square bracket S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end exponent right square bracket end cell equals cell 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent space M end cell end table end style   

Persamaan reaksi kesetimbangan yang terjadi adalah:

begin mathsize 14px style Sr S O subscript 4 equilibrium Sr to the power of 2 plus sign and S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign end style  

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell K subscript sp end cell equals cell 3 comma 2 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 7 end exponent end cell row blank blank blank row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell open square brackets Sr to the power of 2 plus sign close square brackets open square brackets S O subscript 4 to the power of 2 minus sign close square brackets end cell row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell left parenthesis 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent right parenthesis cross times left parenthesis 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent right parenthesis end cell row cell Q subscript sp end cell equals cell 1 comma 25 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 3 end exponent end cell end table end style 

Hasil kali konsentrasi ion (begin mathsize 14px style Q subscript sp end style) lebih besar dibandingkan hasil kali kelarutan (begin mathsize 14px style K subscript sp end style) maka akan terjadi pengendapan.

Massa endapan begin mathsize 14px style Sr S O subscript 4 end style yang terbentuk:

begin mathsize 14px style table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell open square brackets Sr S O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell fraction numerator koefisien space Sr S O subscript 4 over denominator koefisien space Sr to the power of 2 plus sign end fraction cross times open square brackets Sr to the power of 2 plus sign close square brackets end cell row cell open square brackets Sr S O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell 1 over 1 cross times 2 comma 5 cross times 10 to the power of negative sign 2 end exponent end cell row cell open square brackets Sr S O subscript 4 close square brackets end cell equals cell 0 comma 025 space M end cell row blank blank blank row M equals cell m over M subscript r cross times 1000 over V end cell row cell 0 comma 025 end cell equals cell fraction numerator m over denominator 183 comma 62 end fraction cross times 1000 over 200 end cell row cell m space Sr S O subscript 4 end cell equals cell 0 comma 92 space g end cell end table end style  

Jadi, kedua campuran tersebut menghasilkan endapan dengan massa masing-masing adalah 0,76 g dan 0,92 g.

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