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Text 2 (Questions number 55-59)


    Microscopy is the technique used to view objects that cannot be seen by the naked eye. The range can be anything between mm and nm. Microscopy has proven to be one of the most attractive and progressive research tools available to the scientific community, and remains at the forefront of research in many disciplines, from nanotechnology to live cell molecular imaging.

    Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of singlecelled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscopes have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now another type of microscope, one that utilize x-rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details, it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world.

    The dream of building an x-ray microscope dates to 1895, its development, however, was virtually halted in the 1940's because the development of the electron microscope was progressing rapidly. During the 1940's electron microscopes routinely achieved resolution better than that possible with a visible-light microscope, while the performance of x-ray microscopes resisted improvement. In recent years, however, interest in x-ray microscopes has revived, largely because of advances such as the development of new sources of x-ray illumination. As a result, the brightness available today is millions of times that of x-ray tubes, which, for most of the century, were the only available sources of soft x-rays.

    The new x-ray microscopes considerably improve on the resolution provided by optical microscopes. They can also be used to map the distribution of certain chemical elements. Some can form pictures in extremely short time; others hold the promise of special capabilities such as three dimensional imaging. Unlike conventional electron microscopy, x-ray microscopy enables specimens to be kept in air and in water, which means that biological samples can be studied under conditions similar to their natural state. The illumination used, so-called soft x-rays in the wavelength range of twenty to forty angstroms (an angstrom is one ten-billionth of a meter), is also sufficiently penetrating to image intact biological cells in many cases. Because of the wavelength of the x-rays used, soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution possible with electron microscopes. Rather, their special properties will make possible investigations that will complement those performed with light- and electron-based instruments.

58. The tone used by author when writing the passage can be described as ____.

58. The tone used by author when writing the passage can be described as ____.

  1. detached

  2. defensive

  3. inspirational

  4. curious

  5. ironic

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Jawaban

jawaban yang benar adalah A. detached .

jawaban yang benar adalah A. detached.

Pembahasan

Pembahasan
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Soal ini memiliki jawaban A. detached . Soal tersebut menanyakan tone (sikap) penulis saat menulis teks. Tone (sikap) disampaikan melalui pilihan kata penulis mengenai topik yang sedang dibahas. Untuk menentukan tone yang dipakai penulis, pembaca bisamemeriksa inti bahasan tiap paragraf dan memeriksa pilihan kata dalam kalimat. Paragraf 1 intinya membahas penggunaan mikroskop sebagai alat penelitian. Melalui kalimat " microscopy has proven to be one of the most attractive and progressive research tools available to the scientific community, ...." artinya "penggunaan mikroskop sudah terbukti menjadi salah satu alat penelitian paling menarik dan modern yang tersedia untuk komunitas sains, ...." Dengan kalimat ini penulis menyatakan fakta. Paragraf 2 intinya membahas perkembangan dalam teknik mikroskopis. Melalui kalimat " each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientist with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself artinya "tiap perkembangan dalam teknik mikroskopis sudah memberi peneliti pandangan baru tentang fungsi kehidupan organisme dan dunianya." Kalimat ini pun menyatakan fakta. Paragraf 3 intinya membahas perkembangan mikroskop sinar X. Melalui kalimat" the dream of building an x-ray microscope dates to 1895, its development, however, was virtually halted in the 1940's .... " artinya "impian untuk mengembangkan mikroskop sinar X mulai pada tahun 1895, tapi perkembangannya terhenti di tahun 1940 ...." Di kalimat ini penulis masih menyatakan fakta. Terakhir, paragraf 4 intinya membahas mengenai mikroskop sinar X baru. Melalui kalimat " because of the wavelength of the x-rays used, soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution possible with electron microscopes. " artinya "karena panjang gelombang sinar X yang dipakai, resolusi soft x-ray microscope tidak akan pernah menandingi resolusi tertinggi dari mikroskop elektron." Kalimat ini pun menyajikan fakta. Berdasarkan kalimat di keempat paragraf tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teks disusun berdasarkan fokus penulis menyampaikan informasi sesuai fakta mengenai mikroskop. Hal ini berarti penulis bersikap objektif dalam tulisannya, sehingga tone penulis pada teks di soal ini adalah objektif atau detached . Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah A. detached .

Soal ini memiliki jawaban A. detached.

Soal tersebut menanyakan tone (sikap) penulis saat menulis teks.

Tone (sikap) disampaikan melalui pilihan kata penulis mengenai topik yang sedang dibahas. Untuk menentukan tone yang dipakai penulis, pembaca bisa memeriksa inti bahasan tiap paragraf dan memeriksa pilihan kata dalam kalimat.

Paragraf 1 intinya membahas penggunaan mikroskop sebagai alat penelitian. Melalui kalimat "microscopy has proven to be one of the most attractive and progressive research tools available to the scientific community, ...." artinya "penggunaan mikroskop sudah terbukti menjadi salah satu alat penelitian paling menarik dan modern yang tersedia untuk komunitas sains, ...." Dengan kalimat ini penulis menyatakan fakta.

Paragraf 2 intinya membahas perkembangan dalam teknik mikroskopis. Melalui kalimat "each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientist with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself artinya "tiap perkembangan dalam teknik mikroskopis sudah memberi peneliti pandangan baru tentang fungsi kehidupan organisme dan dunianya." Kalimat ini pun menyatakan fakta.

Paragraf 3 intinya membahas perkembangan mikroskop sinar X. Melalui kalimat "the dream of building an x-ray microscope dates to 1895, its development, however, was virtually halted in the 1940's ...." artinya "impian untuk mengembangkan mikroskop sinar X mulai pada tahun 1895, tapi perkembangannya terhenti di tahun 1940 ...." Di kalimat ini penulis masih menyatakan fakta.

Terakhir, paragraf 4 intinya membahas mengenai mikroskop sinar X baru. Melalui kalimat "because of the wavelength of the x-rays used, soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution possible with electron microscopes." artinya "karena panjang gelombang sinar X yang dipakai, resolusi soft x-ray microscope tidak akan pernah menandingi resolusi tertinggi dari mikroskop elektron." Kalimat ini pun menyajikan fakta.

Berdasarkan kalimat di keempat paragraf tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teks disusun berdasarkan fokus penulis menyampaikan informasi sesuai fakta mengenai mikroskop. Hal ini berarti penulis bersikap objektif dalam tulisannya, sehingga tone penulis pada teks di soal ini adalah objektif atau detached

Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah A. detached.

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