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<p><strong>Pengertian Passive Voice</strong></p><p>Passive voice adalah bentuk kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris di mana fokusnya terletak pada objek yang dikenai tindakan, bukan pada pelaku tindakan (subject). Dalam passive voice, objek dari active voice menjadi subject, sedangkan subject dari active voice bisa disebutkan dengan kata <strong>"by"</strong> atau bahkan dihilangkan jika tidak diperlukan.</p><p>Passive voice biasanya digunakan dalam situasi berikut:</p><p><strong>Ketika pelaku tidak diketahui</strong></p><p>Contoh: <i>The window was broken last night.</i> (Jendela pecah tadi malam.)</p><p>Tidak diketahui siapa yang memecahkan jendela.</p><p><strong>Ketika pelaku tidak penting</strong></p><p>Contoh: <i>A new road is being built.</i> (Jalan baru sedang dibangun.)</p><p>Yang penting adalah jalan yang sedang dibangun, bukan siapa yang membangun.</p><p><strong>Ketika ingin lebih formal atau objektif</strong></p><p>Contoh: <i>The experiment was conducted carefully.</i> (Eksperimen dilakukan dengan hati-hati.)</p><p>Biasanya digunakan dalam tulisan ilmiah atau laporan.</p><p><strong>Rumus Passive Voice</strong></p><p>Passive voice dibentuk dengan menggunakan <strong>to be</strong> + <strong>past participle (V3)</strong> dari kata kerja utama.</p><p><strong>1. Simple Present</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> She writes a letter.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> A letter is written (by her).</p><p><strong>2. Present Continuous</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> They are watching a movie.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> A movie is being watched (by them).</p><p><strong>3. Simple Past</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> He painted the house.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> The house was painted (by him).</p><p><strong>4. Past Continuous</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> She was reading a novel.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> A novel was being read (by her).</p><p><strong>5. Present Perfect</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> They have completed the project.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> The project has been completed (by them).</p><p><strong>6. Past Perfect</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> He had repaired the car.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> The car had been repaired (by him).</p><p><strong>7. Simple Future</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> She will write a book.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> A book will be written (by her).</p><p><strong>8. Future Perfect</strong></p><p><strong>Active:</strong> They will have finished the work.<br><strong>Passive:</strong> The work will have been finished (by them).</p><p><strong>Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice dalam Berbagai Situasi</strong></p><p><strong>Dalam berita:</strong></p><p><i>A new law has been passed by the government.</i> (Undang-undang baru telah disahkan oleh pemerintah.)</p><p><strong>Dalam instruksi:</strong></p><p><i>The cake should be baked for 30 minutes.</i> (Kue harus dipanggang selama 30 menit.)</p><p><strong>Dalam laporan ilmiah:</strong></p><p><i>The data was analyzed using special software.</i> (Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak khusus.)</p><p><strong>Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari:</strong></p><p><i>My phone was stolen yesterday.</i> (Ponselku dicuri kemarin.)</p><p>Dengan memahami passive voice, kita bisa lebih fleksibel dalam menyusun kalimat, terutama dalam konteks akademik, profesional, atau saat ingin menyoroti hasil daripada pelaku.</p>