Questions 53 - 56 are based on the following passage.

    The history of the Alhambra is linked with the geographical place where it is located: Granada, Spain. On a rocky hill that is difficult to access, on the banks of the River Darro, protected by mountains and surrounded by woods, among the quarters in the city, the Alhambra rises up like an imposing castle with reddish tones in its ramparts that prevent the outside world from seeing the delicate beauty they enclose.

    Originally designed as a military area, the Alhambra became the residence of royalty and of the court of Granada in the middle of the thirteenth century, after the establishment of the Nasrid kingdom and the construction of the first palace, by the founder King Mohammed ibn Yusuf ben Nasr, better known as AI hamar.

    Throughout the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the fortress became a citadel with high ramparts and defensive towers, which housed two main areas: the military area, or Alcazaba, the barracks of the royal guard, and the medina or court city, the location of the famous Nasrid Palaces and the remains of the houses of noblemen and plebeians who lived there. There Charles V Palace, (which was built after the city was taken by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492) is also in the medina.

    The complex of. monuments also has an independent palace opposite the Alhambra, surrounded by orchards and gardens, which was where Granadine kings relaxed: the Generalife.

Source: Detik-detik Ujian Nasional Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019

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