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Raden Adjeng Kartini, in full Lady Raden Adjeng Kartini was born on April 21, 1879 in Majong, Java. She was a Javanese noblewoman. Her letters made her an important symbol for the Indonesian independence movement and for Indonesian feminists.
Her father was a Javanese aristocrat who works for the Dutch colonial administration as governor of the Japara Regency. Therefore, Kartini had the unusual opportunity to attend a Dutch school, which exposed her to Western ideas and made her fluent in Dutch. During adolescence, she began to correspond with several Dutch friends from her school days. She also knew and was influenced by the wife of a Dutch official and a dedicated socialist and feminist. In her letters, Kartini expressed her concern for the plight of Indonesians under conditions of colonial rule and for the restricted roles open to Indonesian women. She resolved to make her own life a model for emancipation and, after her marriage in 1903 to a progressive Javanese official, she proceeded with plans to open a school for Javanese girls.
Kartini died at the age of 25 of complications after the birth of her first child, but J.H. Abendanon arranged for publication of her letters in 1911, under the title Door Duisternis tot Licht (“Through Darkness into Light”). The book enjoyed great popularity and generated support in the Netherlands for the Kartini Foundation, which in 1916 opened the first girls’ schools in Java, thus fulfilling Kartini’s ambition. Her ideas were also taken up by Indonesian students attending Dutch universities, and in 1922 an Indonesian translation of the letters was published. Although Indonesian nationalist aims went far beyond her ideas, she became a popular symbol, and her birthday is celebrated as a holiday.
From paragraph 2, we can conclude that ...
Japara Regency opened the first school for girls.
Kartini father's effort led Kartini to be a model of emancipation.
Kartini's ambition is greatly influenced by her background in Dutch environment.
Not all women in the era of Kartini could have proper education.
Being the daughter of a Javanese aristocrat brought Kartini a bad luck.
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A. Lee
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