Tentukan massa kalium klorat () yang diperlukan sehingga menghasilkan oksigen yang cukup untuk membakar 8 gram metana () menurut persamaan reaksi berikut.

Reaksi 2 Diketahui C =12, H = 1, K = 39, Cl = 35,5, O = 16 Reaksi 1 Jadi, massa yang benar adalah 73,5 gram

Tentukan massa kalium klorat () yang diperlukan se...

Lengkapi tabel berikut ini!

Pembahasan Soal:

Langkah 1: Melengkapi tabel NO

1. Mol NO (n)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell n subscript NO end cell equals cell fraction numerator jumlah space partikel subscript NO over denominator L end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator 6 comma 02 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space over denominator 6 comma 022 cross times 10 to the power of 23 end fraction end cell row blank equals cell 1 space mol end cell end table$

2. Mr NO

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Mr subscript NO end cell equals cell Ar subscript N and Ar subscript O end cell row blank equals cell 14 plus 16 end cell row blank equals cell 30 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell end table$

3. Massa NO (m)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell m subscript NO end cell equals cell n subscript NO cross times Mr subscript NO end cell row blank equals cell 1 space mol space cross times 30 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 30 space gram end cell end table$

4. Volume NO (STP)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript NO end cell equals cell n subscript NO cross times 22 comma 4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 1 space mol space cross times 22 comma 4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 22 comma 4 space L end cell end table$

5. Volume NO (27 $bold degree bold space C$ , 1 atm)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript NO end cell equals cell n subscript NO cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 1 space mol cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 24 space L end cell end table$

Langkah 2: Melangkapi tabel $H subscript bold 2$

1. Jumlah partikel $H subscript bold 2$ (x)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Jumlah space partikel subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript H subscript 2 end subscript cross times L end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 1 space mol cross times 6 comma 022 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space partikel end cell row blank equals cell 6 comma 022 cross times 10 to the power of 22 space partikel end cell row blank blank blank end table$

2. Mr $H subscript bold 2$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Mr subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell 2 cross times Ar subscript H end cell row blank equals cell 2 cross times 1 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 2 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell end table$

3. Massa $H subscript bold 2$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell m subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript H subscript 2 end subscript cross times Mr subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 1 space mol space cross times 2 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 2 space gram end cell end table$

4. Volume $H subscript bold 2$ (STP)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript H subscript 2 end subscript cross times 22 comma 4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 1 space mol space cross times 22 comma 4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 2 comma 24 space L end cell end table$

5. Volume $H subscript bold 2$ (27 $bold degree bold space C$ , 1 atm)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript H subscript 2 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript H subscript 2 end subscript cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 1 space mol cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 2 comma 4 space L end cell end table$

Langkah 3: Melangkapi tabel $N H subscript bold 3$

1. mol $N H subscript bold 3$ (n)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell n subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell equals cell fraction numerator V subscript STP subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end subscript over denominator 22 comma 4 space bevelled L over mol end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator 4 comma 48 space L over denominator 22 comma 4 space bevelled L over mol end fraction end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 2 space mol end cell end table$

2. Jumlah partikel $N H subscript bold 3$ (x)
$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Jumlah space partikel subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript cross times L end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 2 space mol cross times 6 comma 022 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space partikel end cell row blank equals cell 1 comma 2 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space partikel end cell end table$

3. Mr $N H subscript bold 3$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Mr subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell equals cell Ar subscript N plus left parenthesis 3 cross times Ar subscript H right parenthesis end cell row blank equals cell 14 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style plus left parenthesis 3 cross times 1 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol right parenthesis end style end cell row blank equals cell 17 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell end table$

4. Massa $N H subscript bold 3$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell m subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript cross times Mr subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 2 space mol space cross times 17 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 3 comma 4 space gram end cell end table$

5. Volume $N H subscript bold 3$ (27 $bold degree bold space C$ , 1 atm)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript N H subscript 3 end subscript cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 2 space mol cross times 24 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 4 comma 8 space L end cell end table$

Langkah 4: Melangkapi tabel $C H subscript 4$

1. mol $C H subscript 4$ (n)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell n subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell equals cell fraction numerator V subscript RTP subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end subscript over denominator 24 space bevelled L over mol end fraction end cell row blank equals cell fraction numerator 12 comma 3 space L over denominator 24 space bevelled L over mol end fraction end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 5125 space mol end cell end table$

2. Jumlah partikel $C H subscript 4$ (x)
$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Jumlah space partikel subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript cross times L end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 512 space mol cross times 6 comma 022 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space partikel end cell row blank equals cell 3 comma 08 cross times 10 to the power of 23 space partikel end cell end table$

3. Mr $C H subscript 4$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell Mr subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell equals cell Ar subscript C plus left parenthesis 4 cross times Ar subscript H right parenthesis end cell row blank equals cell 12 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style plus left parenthesis 4 cross times 1 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol right parenthesis end style end cell row blank equals cell 16 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell end table$

4. Massa $C H subscript 4$

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell m subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript cross times Mr subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 512 space mol space cross times 16 space begin inline style bevelled gram over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 8 comma 2 space gram end cell end table$

5. Volume $C H subscript 4$ (STP)

$table attributes columnalign right center left columnspacing 0px end attributes row cell V subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript end cell equals cell n subscript C H subscript 4 end subscript cross times 22 comma 4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 0 comma 512 space mol cross times 22.4 space begin inline style bevelled L over mol end style end cell row blank equals cell 11 comma 48 space L end cell end table$

Dengan demikian, tabel lengkapnya adalah