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Supply & Demands : How Market Works The two basic terms used most often by economists aresupplyanddemand. The amount of something that is available – the supply – and the amount of something that people want – the demand – make up a working market. The market is the way in which an economic activity is organized between buyers and sellers through their behavior and interaction with one another. Buyers, as a group, determine the overall demand for a particular product at various prices while sellers, as a group, determine the supply of a particular product at various prices, thereby allocating scarce goods and services efficiently. The price is taken into account when deciding how much of something to consume, and also how much to produce. The relationship between price and quantity demanded is so universal that is called the law of demand. This law states that with all else equal, when the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded falls – and when the price falls, the quantity demanded rises. Thesupply curveprovides the opposite information: the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied – and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied. A key function of the market is to find the equilibrium price when supply and demand are in balance. At this price, the goods supplied are equal to what is being demanded thereby bringing about the most efficient allocation of the goods. An efficient allocation of goods in a market is one in which no one can be made better off unless someone else is made worse off. "... the market to find the equilibrium price ..." The underlined word is closest in meaning to ...

Supply & Demands : How Market Works

The two basic terms used most often by economists are supply and demand. The amount of something that is available – the supply – and the amount of something that people want – the demand – make up a working market. The market is the way in which an economic activity is organized between buyers and sellers through their behavior and interaction with one another.

Buyers, as a group, determine the overall demand for a particular product at various prices while sellers, as a group, determine the supply of a particular product at various prices, thereby allocating scarce goods and services efficiently. The price is taken into account when deciding how much of something to consume, and also how much to produce.

The relationship between price and quantity demanded is so universal that is called the law of demand. This law states that with all else equal, when the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded falls – and when the price falls, the quantity demanded rises. The supply curve provides the opposite information: the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied – and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied.

A key function of the market is to find the equilibrium price when supply and demand are in balance. At this price, the goods supplied are equal to what is being demanded thereby bringing about the most efficient allocation of the goods. An efficient allocation of goods in a market is one in which no one can be made better off unless someone else is made worse off.

"... the market to find the equilibrium price ..."
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ...

  1. supply

  2. demand

  3. fall

  4. balance

  5. rise

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A. Setyawan

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Sebelas Maret

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Kata “ equilibrium ” atau anonim memiliki makna ‘seimbang sehingga pilihan jawaban (D) adalah yang paling tepat. Pilihan jawaban (A) dan (B) salah karena artinya ‘persediaan dan permintaan’. (C) dan (E) salah karena artinya ‘turun dan naik’.

Kata “equilibrium” atau anonim memiliki makna ‘seimbang sehingga pilihan jawaban (D) adalah yang paling tepat. Pilihan jawaban (A) dan (B) salah karena artinya ‘persediaan dan permintaan’. (C) dan (E) salah karena artinya ‘turun dan naik’.

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