Read the passages below for question 88 - 90! TEXT 1 Move over, millennials. The centenarians are coming. The number of Americans age 100 and older — those born during Woodrow Wilson’s administration and earlier — is up by 44 percent since 2000, federal health officials reported Thursday. There were 72,197 of them in 2014, up from 50,281 in 2000, according to the report by theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. In 1980, they numbered about 15,000. Not only are there more centenarians, but they are living even longer. Death rates declined for all demographic groups of centenarians — white, black, Hispanic, female, male — in the six years ending in 2014, the report said. Women, who typically live longer than men, accounted for the overwhelming majority of centenarians in 2014: more than 80 percent. Even for centenarians, life spans are growing longer. Death rates for centenarian women dropped 14 percent in the six years ending in 2014, to 36.5 per 100 women, and by 20 percent to 33.2 per 100 men. Among racial and ethnic groups, Hispanic centenarians had the lowest death rate, 22.3 per 100 people, compared with 39.3 per 100 whites and 28.6 per 100 blacks. Centenarians are an elite group. Most people born in 1900did not live past 50. But chances of survival to such ripe ages have improved with the rise of vaccines andantibiotics, and improvements in hygiene, medical treatments and technology. There are exceptions: The explosion of opioid overdose deaths in recent years has erased progress for some groups, particularly young and middle-age whites. Malvina Hunt, a resident of central New York, who turned 100 in October, said her secret was vigorous exercise. Every morning, she does leg lifts and rapid arm raises to get the blood flowing. Baby boomers, a large bulge in the population, have started to enter retirement and will soon be bumping up the numbers of the elderly to record levels. Experts are warning that the United States is unprepared to handle such large numbers of seniors, especially as the life expectancy of older people continues to rise. Sumber:(https://www.nytimes.com) TEXT 2 Genetics and behaviors do play roles in determining why some people live to be 100 or older while others don’t, but they aren’t guarantees. And now, as increasing numbers are reaching triple digits, figuring out the mysteries of longevity has taken on new importance among researchers. Although those 100 and older make up a tiny segment of America’s population,U.S. Census reportsshow that centenarian ranks are growing. Between 1980 and 2010, the numbers rose from 32,194 to 53,364, an increase of almost 66%. The latest population estimate, released in July 2015,reflects 76,974 centenarians. Research shows that behaviors have a greater influence on survival up until the late 80s, since he said most people have the right genes to get there as long as their behaviors aren’t harmful. But once people reach the 90s and beyond, genetics play a more significant role. Among those who reach the 100-year-old milestone, Research has found certain commonalities: few smoke, nearly all of the men are lean, and centenarians have high levels of the “good cholesterol.” Studies show that whatever their stress level, they manage itwell. And they’re related to other centenarians or have a parent or grandparent who lived past 80. These lessons of long life are playing well with the public, who has made changes for the better in the 21st century, as the public do not smoke or drink too much and better at exercise. Better educated, and tend to have higher income which can spend more on better health care as well as improved diet. (Sumber: https://www.usatoday.com) What is the topic of both of the passages above?

Question

Read the passages below for question 88 - 90!

TEXT 1

Move over, millennials. The centenarians are coming.

The number of Americans age 100 and older — those born during Woodrow Wilson’s administration and earlier — is up by 44 percent since 2000, federal health officials reported Thursday.

There were 72,197 of them in 2014, up from 50,281 in 2000, according to the report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 1980, they numbered about 15,000. Not only are there more centenarians, but they are living even longer. Death rates declined for all demographic groups of centenarians — white, black, Hispanic, female, male — in the six years ending in 2014, the report said.

Women, who typically live longer than men, accounted for the overwhelming majority of centenarians in 2014: more than 80 percent. Even for centenarians, life spans are growing longer. Death rates for centenarian women dropped 14 percent in the six years ending in 2014, to 36.5 per 100 women, and by 20 percent to 33.2 per 100 men. Among racial and ethnic groups, Hispanic centenarians had the lowest death rate, 22.3 per 100 people, compared with 39.3 per 100 whites and 28.6 per 100 blacks.

Centenarians are an elite group. Most people born in 1900 did not live past 50. But chances of survival to such ripe ages have improved with the rise of vaccines and antibiotics, and improvements in hygiene, medical treatments and technology. There are exceptions: The explosion of opioid overdose deaths in recent years has erased progress for some groups, particularly young and middle-age whites. Malvina Hunt, a resident of central New York, who turned 100 in October, said her secret was vigorous exercise. Every morning, she does leg lifts and rapid arm raises to get the blood flowing.

Baby boomers, a large bulge in the population, have started to enter retirement and will soon be bumping up the numbers of the elderly to record levels. Experts are warning that the United States is unprepared to handle such large numbers of seniors, especially as the life expectancy of older people continues to rise.

Sumber:(https://www.nytimes.com)

TEXT 2

Genetics and behaviors do play roles in determining why some people live to be 100 or older while others don’t, but they aren’t guarantees. And now, as increasing numbers are reaching triple digits, figuring out the mysteries of longevity has taken on new importance among researchers.

Although those 100 and older make up a tiny segment of America’s population, U.S. Census reports show that centenarian ranks are growing. Between 1980 and 2010, the numbers rose from 32,194 to 53,364, an increase of almost 66%. The latest population estimate, released in July 2015, reflects 76,974 centenarians.

Research shows that behaviors have a greater influence on survival up until the late 80s, since he said most people have the right genes to get there as long as their behaviors aren’t harmful. But once people reach the 90s and beyond, genetics play a more significant role.

Among those who reach the 100-year-old milestone, Research has found certain commonalities: few smoke, nearly all of the men are lean, and centenarians have high levels of the “good cholesterol.” Studies show that whatever their stress level, they manage it well. And they’re related to other centenarians or have a parent or grandparent who lived past 80.

These lessons of long life are playing well with the public, who has made changes for the better in the 21st century, as the public do not smoke or drink too much and better at exercise. Better educated, and tend to have higher income which can spend more on better health care as well as improved diet.

(Sumber: https://www.usatoday.com)

What is the topic of both of the passages above?