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For questions number 86-90, read the text below and decide which answer best fit according to the text. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly slides downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same areas as normal glaciers, often almost side by side. Some 800 years ago, Alaska’s Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet per day. Hubbard’s surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south. About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, West Antarctic ice shelves could rise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase. Earth’s albedo and lower global temperatures, perhaps enough to initiate a new ice age. This situation appears to have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glaciations), called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginning of the Ice Age. The term “vicious cycle” in the third paragraph refers to the ________

For questions number 86-90, read the text below and decide which answer best fit according to the text.          

During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly slides downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same areas as normal glaciers, often almost side by side.

           Some 800 years ago, Alaska’s Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet per day. Hubbard’s surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south.

            About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, West Antarctic ice shelves could rise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.  The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase. Earth’s albedo and lower global temperatures, perhaps enough to initiate a new ice age. This situation appears to have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glaciations), called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginning of the Ice Age. space space 

 

The term “vicious cycle” in the third paragraph refers to the ________

  1. movement pattern of surge glaciers.

  2. effect of surge glaciers could have on the temperature of tropical areas.

  3. effect that repeated rising sea levels might have on glacial ice.

  4. constant threat surge glaciers could pose to the Gulf of Alaska.

  5. a repeated action of water cycle.

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A. Setyawan

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Sebelas Maret

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Pembahasan

Berdasarkan kalimat “ With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle ”, dapat diketahui bahwa peningkatan tinggi permukaan laut membuat semakin banyak es yang terjatuh ke dalam lautan, dan makin meninggikan permukaan laut, dan semakin mencairkan lebih banyak es sehingga peristiwa yang diakibatkan oleh kenaikan air laut terhadap es glasial tersebut akan terus berulang.

Berdasarkan kalimat “With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle”, dapat diketahui bahwa peningkatan tinggi permukaan laut membuat semakin banyak es yang terjatuh ke dalam lautan, dan makin meninggikan permukaan laut, dan semakin mencairkan lebih banyak es sehingga peristiwa yang diakibatkan oleh kenaikan air laut terhadap es glasial tersebut akan terus berulang.undefined 

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