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Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer. Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore, cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate. What topic does the paragraph preceding the passage most likely discuss?
Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.
Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system.
Therefore, cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate.
What topic does the paragraph preceding the passage most likely discuss?
The factors causing the cancer in human body
The description of cancer as the frightening disease
The types of cancer that have been identified
The disease that indicate the cancer
The group of separate disease before cancer
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A. Setyawan
Master Teacher
Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Sebelas Maret
Pembahasan
Pada paragraf pertama kalimat “Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA” penulis memberikan penjelasan tentang bagaimana kanker muncul dan terbentuk. Maka pada paragraf sebelumnya kita dapat menjelaskan suatu hal yang lebih umum lagi dari kanker seperti penjelasan apa itu kanker dan seperti apa penyakit kanker pada tubuh manusia. Maka jawaban b. the description of cancer as the frightening disease adalah yang paling tepat.
Pada paragraf pertama kalimat “Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA” penulis memberikan penjelasan tentang bagaimana kanker muncul dan terbentuk. Maka pada paragraf sebelumnya kita dapat menjelaskan suatu hal yang lebih umum lagi dari kanker seperti penjelasan apa itu kanker dan seperti apa penyakit kanker pada tubuh manusia. Maka jawaban b. the description of cancer as the frightening disease adalah yang paling tepat.
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