AutismSpectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group highly inheritable behavioral disorders that pose major personal and public health cocerns. Patients withASDs have mild to severe communication difficulties, repetitive behavior and social challenges. Such disorders significantly challenge and individual’s ability to conduct daily activities and function normally in society. Currently there are very few medication options that effectively treat ASDs. Recognizing a need to better understand the biology that produces ASD symptomps, scientists at Duke-NUS and NNI. Singapore, have indentified a novel mechanism that potentially links abnormalbrain development of therapeutic interventions for ASDs. The study has shown how one brain-specific micro-RNA (micR-128) plays a key role in causingabnormal brin development. Micro-RNA ae small molecules taht regulate gone expression i the human body to ensure proper celluar function. Although it was known that miR-128 ismisregulated in some patients with autism, what that meant and how it functioned was not known. The research team showed that miR-128 targets a proyein called PCM1 that is critical tothe cell division of neural precursor celss(NPCs). NPCs during early brain development have two fates they either stay as NPCs and undergo self-renewal or become neurons through differentiation. The dysfunctional regulation of PCM1 by misregulated miR-128 impairs brain development, which may underlie brain size changes in people with ASDs. For the first time, the researschers have managed to showtaht miR-128 is a mechanism that regulatesearly neuronal behavior during brain development. They belive that targeting this mechanism may be the answer to diagmose and treat ASDs that are caused by abnormal brain development. This important study suggest a link between a key neuralogical disease gone and regulation of microRNAs in the brain however, the researchers are just starating to understand how misregulatedmiR-128 expression can damage our brain activities. Much more work nedds ti be done in area. What do the reseacrhers expect to be able to do as a result of their findings?

Question

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group highly inheritable behavioral disorders that pose major personal and public health cocerns. Patients withASDs have mild to severe communication difficulties, repetitive behavior and social challenges. Such disorders significantly challenge and individual’s ability to conduct daily activities and function normally in society. Currently there are very few medication options that effectively treat ASDs.

Recognizing a need to better understand the biology that produces ASD symptomps, scientists at Duke-NUS and NNI. Singapore, have indentified a novel mechanism that potentially links abnormalbrain development of therapeutic interventions for ASDs.

The study has shown how one brain-specific micro-RNA (micR-128) plays a key role in causingabnormal brin development. Micro-RNA ae small molecules taht regulate gone expression i the human body to ensure proper celluar function. Although it was known that miR-128 ismisregulated in some patients with autism, what that meant and how it functioned was not known.

The research team showed that miR-128 targets a proyein called PCM1 that is critical tothe cell division of neural precursor celss(NPCs). NPCs during early brain development have two fates they either stay as NPCs and undergo self-renewal or become neurons through differentiation. The dysfunctional regulation of PCM1 by misregulated miR-128 impairs brain development, which may underlie brain size changes in people with ASDs.

For the first time, the researschers have managed to showtaht miR-128 is a mechanism that regulatesearly neuronal behavior during brain development. They belive that targeting this mechanism may be the answer to diagmose and treat ASDs that are caused by abnormal brain development.

This important study suggest a link between a key neuralogical disease gone and regulation of microRNAs in the brain however, the researchers are just starating to understand how misregulatedmiR-128 expression can damage our brain activities. Much more work nedds ti be done in area.

What do the reseacrhers expect to be able to do as a result of their findings?

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