Eloise B

01 Desember 2021 10:51

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Eloise B

01 Desember 2021 10:51

Pertanyaan

Text 2 for question number 21-26 The Mosque of Amribn al-As (Arabic: جامععمروبنالعاص‎‎), also called the Mosque of Amr, was originally built in 641–642 AD, as the center of the newly founded capital of Egypt, Fustat. The original structure was the first mosque ever built in Egypt and whole Africa. The location for the mosque was the site of the tent of the commander of the Muslim army, general Amribn al-As. One corner of the mosque contains the tomb of his son, 'Abd Allah ibn 'Amribn al-'As. Due to extensive reconstruction over the centuries, nothing of the original building remains, but the rebuilt Mosque is a prominent landmark, and can be seen in what today is known as "Old Cairo". It is an active mosque with a devout congregation, and when prayers are not taking place, it is also open to visitors and tourists. The original layout was a simple rectangle, 29 meters in length by 17 meters wide. It was a low shed with columns made from split palm tree trunks, stones and mud bricks, covered by a roof of wood and palm leaves. The floor was of gravel. Inside the building the orientation toward Mecca was not noted by a concave niche like it would be in all later mosques. Instead four columns were used to point out the direction of mecca, and were inserted on the qibla wall. It was large enough to provide prayer space for Amr's army, but had no other adornments, and no minarets. It was completely rebuilt in 673 by the governor MaslamaibnMukhallad al-Ansari, who added four minarets, one at each of the mosque's corners, and doubled its area in size. The addition of these minarets allowed the call to prayer to be heard from every corner, and taken up by other nearby mosques. Governor Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan added an extension to the mosque in 698 and once again doubled the mosque's area. In 711 a concave prayer niche was added to replace the flat one. In 827, it had seven new aisles built, parallel to the wall of the qibla, the direction that Muslims were to face during prayer. Each aisle had an arcade of columns, with the last column in each row attached to the wall by means of a wooden architrave carved with a frieze. In 827, governor Abd Allah ibn Tahir made more additions to the mosque. It was enlarged to its present size, and the southern wall of the present day mosque was built. In the 9th century, the mosque was extended by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mamun, who added a new area on the southwest side, increasing the mosque's dimensions to 120m x 112m. At a point during the Fatimid era, the mosque had five minarets. There were four, with one at each corner, and one at the entrance. However, all five are now gone. The current Minarets were built by MouradBey in 1800. Also, the Fatimid Caliph al-Mustansir added a silver belt to the prayer niche which was eventually removed by Saladin when the mosque was restored after the fire in Fustat. In 1169, the city of Fustat and the mosque were destroyed by a fire that was ordered by Egypt's own vizier Shawar, who had ordered its destruction to prevent the city from being captured by the Crusaders. After the Crusaders were expelled, and the area had been conquered by Nur al-Din's army, Saladin took power, and had the mosque rebuilt in 1179. During this time Saladin had a belvedere built below a minaret. 22. From the text, we know that the original mosque ... a. had four minarets. b. had five minarets. c. was 27m in lenght and 19m wide. d. had specially built concave prayer niche. e. was made from palm tree trunks and mud bricks.

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Jawaban terverifikasi

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H. R.

Master Teacher

Mahasiswa/Alumni Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

02 Desember 2021 04:20

Jawaban terverifikasi

Hai Dodi, kakak bantu jawab ya. Jawaban untuk soal ini adalah “e. was made from palm tree trunks and mud bricks." (Dibangun dari batang pohon palem dan batu bata lumpur.). Dalam soal ini kamu diminta memilih jawaban yang tepat berdasarkan apa yang ada pada teks tersebut. Pertanyaannya, "From the text, we know that the original mosque ..." yang artinya "Dari teks tersebut, kita tahu bahwa masjid yang pertama..." Jawaban dapat diperoleh dari kalimat "It was a low shed with columns made from split palm tree trunks, stones and mud bricks, covered by a roof of wood and palm leaves." (Merupakan bangunan rendah dengan tiang-tiang yang terbuat dari batang pohon palem yang terbelah, batu dan bata lumpur, ditutupi oleh atap kayu dan daun palem.). Dari kutipan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Masjid yang pertama dibangun dari batang pohon palem yang terbelah, batu dan bata lumpur. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang benar adalah “e. was made from palm tree trunks and mud bricks." (Dibangun dari batang pohon palem dan batu bata lumpur.). Semoga membantu ya.


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