Pertanyaan

Raden Adjeng Kartini is a Javanese noblewoman who became one of the pioneer in the area of women's rights for native Indonesians. Raden Adjeng Kartini was born in a noble family on April 21st, 1879, in the village of Mayong, Java, Indonesia. Kartini's mother, Ngasirah, was the daughter of a religious scholar. Her father, Sosroningrat, was a Javanese aristocrat working for the Dutch colonial government. This condition afforded Kartini the opportunity to go to a Dutch school, at the age of 6. The school opened her eyes to the Western ideals. During this time, Kartini also took sewing lessons from another regent's wife, Mrs. Marie Ovink-Soer. Ovink-Soer imparted her feminist views to Kartini, and was therefore instrumental in planting the seed for Kartini's later activism. When Kartini reached adolescence, Javanese tradition dictated that she left her Dutch school for the sheltered existence deemed appropriate to a young female noble. Struggling to adapt to isolation, Kartini wrote letters to Ovink-Soer and her Dutch schoolmates, protesting the gender inequality of Javanese traditions, such as forced marriages at a young age, which denied women the freedom to pursue her education. Ironically, in her eagerness to escape her isolation, Kartini was quick to accept a marriage proposal arranged by her father. On November 8th, 1903, she wed the regent of Rembang, Raden Adipati Joyodiningrat. Joyodiningrat was 26 older than Kartini, and already had three wives and 12 children. Kartini had recently been offered a scholarship to study abroad, and the marriage dashed her hopes of years accepting it. In Javanese tradition, the age of 24 was too old to expect to marry well for women. With the intention to spreading her feminist message, with her new husband's approval, Kartini soon set about planning to start her own school for Javanese girls. With the help from the Dutch government, in 1903 she opened the first Indonesian primary school for native girls that did not segregate the students based on their social status. On September 17th, 1904, at the age of 25, Kartini died in the regency of Rembang, Java, due to complications during giving birth to her first child. Seven years after her death, one of her correspondents, Jacques H. Abendanon, published a collection of Kartini's letters, entitled “From Darkness to Light: Thoughts About and on Behalf of the Javanese People? In Indonesia, Kartini Day is still celebrated annually on Kartini's birthday. Questions: 1. Do you think the text mainly discusses Kartini's stuggle? How do you know? 2. What do you know about Kartini? 3. What is the objective of writing the biography of Kartini? 4. Who is the target reader of this biography? 5. What can you learn from Kartini's biography?

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