With wich of the following topics is the text mainly concerned? A. The alternatives to plastic bags B. The urgent action to combat climate change C. The Regulation which forbides plastic bags use D. The need to educate people about global warming E. The alarming number of plastic bags polluting the ocean

There have been a number of differences in the way geography is now to be approached in the National Curriculum. It was decided that there would be a renewed emphasis on spatial knowledge, as well as the human and physical processes. This should cover some technical procedures such as using grid references. There should also be a renewed commitment towards the concept of fieldwork and the use of maps, as well as written communication. Dealing with geography, the National Curriculum includes certain topics, but not necessarily how they should be taught. For example, the focus at key stage 1 is. developing knowledge about the United Kingdom and the world. Students should study certain fact such as the world's seven continents and their locations. They should be able to name and identify the four countries and capital cities of the UK. Trips to London may include extra-curricular education that can aid students" understanding of the United Kingdom. They also should be able to identify seasonal weather patterns, identify hot and cold areas of the world, and use world maps and globes to identify the UK and other countries and oceans. As they progress to key stage 2, students are expected to extend their knowledge to include Europe, North, and South America as well as significant human and physical features. They should be able to identify the position of latitude, longitude, the Equator and other large features of the world such as the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Students at key stage 2 should study more physical geography including the climate zones, biomes and features such as volcanoes and earthquakes. Trips to destinations such as Iceland could encourage further learning about some of the world's physical geography. There is a huge emphasis on geographical skills at this stage. Students should be able to use the eight points of a compass, four and six- figure grid references and keys on Ordinance Survey maps in order to develop their knowledge. The first paragraph is about

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Match the language elements on the left column with their examples on the right column. Language elements 1. Formal and impersonal language/ topic specific vocabulary 2. Topic noun groups to organize the text 3. Timeless present tense 4. Reference items 5. Passive voice 6. Noun group 7. Nominalisations 8. Verbs, action 9. Verb. relational 10. Circumstance, with whom 11. Circumstance, of means Examples a. Hardware is the physical part of computers...... b. The mouse or touch pad is used....; The information ... is ... being used c. Operating System, (OS), Central Processing Unit (CPU) d. the information that computers use to get the job done e. The basic computer system, Hardware, Information, software, Business People, Students and people in the community f. It, they, the, this g. runs, creates h. are i. with their peers j. information, application. storage k. Through the use of computers. Number 1

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Change the following direct speech into reported sentences. Julia, a lobby operator, received some phone calls. She then reported the phone messages to some people in her office. 1. A message from Rudy to Diana: "I can do the night shift tomorrow." 2. A message from Firda Hamid to Andy Rusadi: "Please call me as soon as possible." 3. A message from Mr. Budi Laksono to shift supervisor: "Can you tell her that Budi Laksono called?" 4. A message from XYZ Paper to Jimmy Bowo: "Please tell him that we sent the package yesterday." 5. A message from Benny to Mia: "Can you ask her to meet me in the canteen during lunch time?" 6. A message from Mr. Fred Kelleher to Mr. Abiyoso: "Please ask Mr. Abiyoso to call Mr. Kelleher at 718-555-1111. Anytime, today or tomorrow." 7. A message from Ms. Rita Ang to Mr. Tommy Siregar: "The next board meeting is postponed to Monday, 12th of October at 10 a.m." 8. A message from a security to Indra Jaya: "A package has been sent to him. Please pick it up at the security post." 9. A message from dentist office to a director: "His dental appointment is at 6 p.m. today. Please come ten minutes earlier." 10. A message from PY Management to the Finance Manager: "You are invited to the 2018 Trend Seminar at 10 a.m. this Wednesday at Four Seasons Hotel. Please call back on this number in case of problems." 11. A message from Private Real Estate to Mrs. Linda Wong: "Susan from Private Real Estate will show you the property on Thursday at 2 p.m. Please reply to this number if you need to change the time." 12. A message from Ms. Jennifer Supit to the Finance Manager: "Could you tell him that Jennifer Supit called and I'm in the office all day if he can call me back." 13. A message from ABC Bank to Mr. Tommy Siregar: "We have witnessed unusual activity with your account. Please call back as soon as possible." 14. A message from Bank Harapan to Indra Jaya: "Your renewal payment is now overdue. Please contact us on 445-6783 URGENTLY to discuss your policy." 15. A message from Mr. Yoppi Chan to the director: "Trusted Bank reminds you of your appointment at 23 Newington Way on Monday, 13th of August at 10 a.m. Your account manager is Timothy Jackson."

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What's the main idea and supporting details from this text? PLASTIC POLLUTION Around the world, people throw away roughly four million tons of trash every day—that's enough to fill 350,000 garbage trucks or 10 Empire State Buildings. About 12.8 percent of that waste is plastic, which causes big problems for wildlife: some animals mistake plastic for food, while others can become entangled in the trash. Tips to Reduce Waste! 1. Don't use face wash or toothpaste with microbeads. These tiny plastic beads go down the drain, eventually making their way to rivers, lakes, and the ocean at a rate of eight trillion a day in the United States. Because these toxic beads look a lot like fish food, it's not uncommon for bigger fish and sea turtles to munch on them—a dish that could be deadly. 2. Say no to straws! In 2015 a viral video showed an olive ridley sea turtle in obvious discomfort as a team of experts work to dislodge something deep within its nostril. At first, they thought it was a worm. But experts were stunned to see what it really was: a plastic drinking straw. 3. Instead of packing your sandwich and snacks in plastic bags, use reusable containers or cloth sacks instead. Same goes for your drink: Skip the juice boxes and opt for a refillable water bottle. 4. Reduce the amount of plastic bags clogging up our trash and oceans by shopping with reusable bags instead. 5. To eliminate some of the excess packaging piling up in landfills, encourage your family to shop for snacks, cereal, and pasta in the bulk section of your grocery store (if yours doesn’t have any bulk items, check out a nearby natural food shop). Then, store it all in reusable glass jars. 6. Pack an apple, a banana, or an orange. Fruit fills you up in a healthy way, plus there’s no need for extra packaging. (Save the core, peels, and rinds for your compost bin.) Using these tips, keep track of the trash you toss. Every week, try to throw out less and less and see how much you can minimize your waste in a month. Some people have managed to put an entire year’s worth of garbage in one jar. Can you beat that? If your family is like many in the United States, unloading the week’s groceries includes hauling a case or two of bottled water into your home. On your way to a soccer game or activity, it’s easy to grab a cold one right out of the fridge, right? But all those plastic bottles use a lot of fossil fuels and pollute the environment. In fact, Americans buy more bottled water than any other nation in the world, adding 29 billion water bottles a year to the problem. In order to make all these bottles, manufacturers use 17 million barrels of crude oil. That’s enough oil to keep a million cars going for twelve months. Imagine a water bottle filled a quarter of the way up with oil. That’s about how much oil was needed to produce the bottle. So why don’t more people drink water straight from the kitchen faucet? Some people drink bottled water because they think it is better for them than water out of the tap, but that’s not always true. In most places in the United States, local governments make sure water from the faucet is safe. There is also growing concern that chemicals in the bottles themselves may leach into the water. People love the convenience of bottled water. But maybe if they realized the problems it causes, they would try drinking from a glass at home or carrying water in a refillable steel container instead of plastic. Plastic bottle recycling can help—instead of going out with the trash, plastic bottles can be turned into items like carpeting or cozy fleece clothing. Unfortunately, for every six water bottles we use, only one makes it to the recycling bin. The rest are sent to landfills. Or, even worse, they end up as trash on the land and in rivers, lakes, and the ocean. Plastic bottles take many hundreds of years to disintegrate. Water is good for you, so keep drinking it. But think about how often you use water bottles, and see if you can make a change. And yes, you can make a difference. Remember this: Recycling one plastic bottle can save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for six hours. Mohon bantuannya kakak² dan teman-teman 🙏

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Text 1 is for questions 1 to 7 Advertisements There are many reasons for both sides of the question, "Should we have printed advertisement'?" Many people have strong views and feel that ads are nothing more than useless junk mail, while other people feel it is important source information. There are some reasons why we should have advertisement in newspaper and magazines. One reason is ads give us information about what is available. Looking at ads we can find out what is on sale and what is new in the market. This is an easy way of shopping. Another reason is that advertisement promotes business. When shop owners compete against each other the buyer saves money, more people come to their shops and they sell more goods. On the other hand, some people argue that ads should not be put in newspapers and magazines for these various reasons. Firstly, ads cost the shopkeepers a lot of money to print onto paper. Also some people don't like finding junk mail in their letter boxes. Ads also influence people to buy items they don't need and can't really afford. Ads use up a lot of space and a lot of effort has to be made the ads eye-catching. After looking at both sides of issue, I think we should not have advertisements because they cost a lot of money and take up a lot of room in the papers. I don't think I find some of them interesting. I mainly disagree because it's junk mail. 7. What is the last paragraph called? A. Issue B. Orientation C. Argument D. Preview E. Conclusion

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