Pertanyaan

The Linggardjati Agreement (Linggarjati in modern Indonesian spelling)[b] was a political accord concluded on 15 November 1946 by the Dutch administration and the unilaterally declared Republic of Indonesia in the village of Linggarjati, Kuningan Regency, near Cirebon in which the Dutch recognised the republic as exercising de facto authority in Java, Madura and Sumatra. In July 1946, the Dutch invited Indonesians from eastern Indonesia and from rulers of local kingdoms to a conference in Mallno, Sulawesi. These delegates backed the Dutch plan for a federal Indonesian state with continued links to the Netherlands. Further negotiations with the Indonesian authorities began in October 1946 and a ceasefire in Java and Sumatra was agreed to and signed on October 14h, 1946. Recognizing their still weakened position following World War II, the Netherlands were more prepared to negotiate with the republic than they were later in the Indonesian National Revolution. Most of the negotiations took place in the mountain village of Linggarjati around 25 km south of Cirebon, although the final document was actually initialed in Cirebon. The Dutch side comprised the following: • Willem Schermerhorn, Dutch Prime Minister from 1945-1946 • F. De Boer, Liberal politician • Max van Poll, Catholic Party politician • Hubertus van Mook, Lieutenant General Governor (ex officio) On the Republican side were: • Sutan Sjahrir, Prime Minister • Amir Sjarifuddin, Defense Minister • Johannes Leimena, Junior Minister of Health, chairman of the Indonesian Christian Party Former British ambassador to Egypt Miles Lampson acted as intermediary in the early stages, but he was not needed as the two sides established good relations. The two sides initialed the draft agreement on November 15th. The agreement comprised an introduction, 17 articles and a final clause. According to the terms, the Netherlands agreed to recognize Republican rule over Java, Sumatra, and Madura (Article 1). The Republic would become a constituent state of the federal United States of Indonesia, along with Borneo and the Great East (Articles 2, 3 & 4). The Netherlands Indies, together with the Netherlands, Suriname, and the Netherlands Antilles, would form a Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch monarch as official head of this Union (Articles 5, 7 & 8). Both the United States of Indonesia and the Union which would be established by January 1th, 1949 at the latest (Article 12). Once the agreement was signed, both parties would reduce their armed forces (Article 16). What is the main idea of the first paragraph? a. The orientation of Linggarjati Agreement b. The cause of Linggarjati Agreement c. The persons who join Linggarjati Agreement d. The impact of Linggarjati Agreement e. The date of Linggarjati agreement

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