Perhatikan gambar berikut! Hitunglah perbandingan arus pada hambatan 5Ω dan 3Ω!

<p>Jawaban yang benar adalah 1 : 2.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Diketahui:</p><p>R1 = R2 = 2 ohm</p><p>R3 = 5 ohm</p><p>R4 = 1 ohm</p><p>R5 = 3 ohm</p><p>V = 12 V&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Ditanya: I3 : I5...?</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Penyelesaian:</p><p>Soal ini dapat diselesaikan dengan konsep rangkaian hambatan listrik seri dan paralel , dimana persamaannya adalah:</p><p>Rangkaian seri</p><p>Rs = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...</p><p>I1 = I2 = I3 = ... = I</p><p>V = V1 + V2 + V3+ .......</p><p>dengan</p><p>Rs = hambatan pengganti seri (Ω)&nbsp;</p><p>R1, R2, R3 = hambatan listrik (Ω)</p><p>I = arus total (A)</p><p>I1, I2, I3 = arus pada masing-masing hambatan (A)</p><p>V = tegangan total&nbsp;</p><p>V1, V2, V3 = tegangan pada masing-masing hambatan (volt)</p><p>Rangkaian paralel</p><p>1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + ...</p><p>V1 = V2 = V3 = ... = V</p><p>I = I1 + I2 + I3+ .......</p><p>dengan</p><p>Rp = hambatan pengganti paralel(Ω)&nbsp;</p><p>R1, R2, R3 = hambatan listrik (Ω)</p><p>I = arus total (A)</p><p>I1, I2, I3 = arus pada masing-masing hambatan (A)</p><p>V = tegangan total&nbsp;</p><p>V1, V2, V3 = tegangan pada masing-masing hambatan (volt)</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Rs = R3 + R4</p><p>Rs = 5 +1 = 6 ohm</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>1/Rp = 1/R2 + 1/Rs + 1/R5</p><p>1/Rp= 1/2 + 1/6 + 1/3</p><p>1/Rp = 6/6</p><p>Rp = 1 ohm</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>R = R1 + Rp = 2 + 1 = 3 ohm</p><p>I = V/R = 12/3 = 4 A</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Ip = I = 4 A</p><p>Vp = Ip.Rp = 4 x 1 = 4 volt</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>V2 = Vs = V5 = Vp = 4 volt</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>I3 = Is = Vs/Rs = 4/6</p><p>I5 = V5/R5 = 4/3</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>I3/I5 = (4/6) / (4/3)</p><p>I3/I5 = 1/2</p><p>I3 : I5 = 1 : 2&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Jadi jawaban yang tepat adalah 1 : 2 .</p>