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Passage 1 READING COMPREHENSION Horse owners who plan to breed one or more mares should have a working knowledge of heredity and know how to care for breeding animals and fools. The number of mares bred that conceive varies from about 40 to 85 percent, with the average running less than 50 percent. Some mares that do conceive fail to produce living foals. This means that, on average, two mares are kept a whole year to 5 produce one foal, and even then, some foals are disappointments from the standpoint of quality. By careful selection, breeders throughout history have developed various kinds of horses with a wide variety of characteristics to suit many different needs. The Great Horse of the Middle Ages, for example, was bred for size and strength to carry a heavily armored knight. The massive horses of such breeds are often called "cold blooded." The Arabs bred lithe desert horses that were small and swift. 10 These animals are often referred to as "hot blooded". Cross-breeding of hot blooded and cold-blooded horses for certain characteristics produced breeds ranging from riding horses to draft horses. The Thoroughbred is considered by many to be the highpoint of elegance and fine selective breeding. Many persons mistakenly apply the name Thoroughbred to any purebred horse. But a Thoroughbred is a distinct breed of running horses that traces its ancestry through the male line directly 15. back to three Eastern stallions as the Byerly Turk, the Darley Arabian, and the Godolphin Barb. For convenience the breeds of horses are often divided into three major groups: first is ponies, second is heavy, or draft horses; and the last is light horses. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Horse breading B. Horse farming C. Animal breeders D. Breeding knowledge 2. What percent is the average amount of mares bred conceive? A. about 45% B. around 85% C. more than 70% D. up to 50% 3. The word "conceive" in line 3 can be replaced by.. A. become sick. B. become pregnant. C. die. D. be born, 4. Which of the following was NOT owned by Great Horse of the Middle Ages? A. Large size B. Beauty C. Strength D. Swiftness 5. The words "These" in line 9 refers to A. Arabs B. Desert horses C. Breeds D. Animals 6. The word "highpoint" in 12 can be replaced by A. popularity. B. standard. C. massiveness. D. top. 2. According to the passage, which of the following horses is known as the finest purebred? A. Darley Arabian B. Thoroughbred C. Godolphin Barb D. Byerly Turk 8. It can be inferred from the passage why the cold-blooded and hot-blooded horses were cross-bred? A. Cross-breeding was a safer means of reproduction. B. Cross-bred horses were preferred by Arabs. C. By cross-breeding, horses with desirable mixed characteristics could be produced. D. Cross-breeding produced Thoroughbred horses 9. What is the origin of the Thoroughbred? A. A male lineage of Eastern stallion. B. A direct breed of running horses. C. A cross-breed of the Arabs. D. A purebred horse 10. Which of the following is NOT one of the major divisions of horse breeds? A. Draft horses. B. Ponies. C. Foals. D. Light horses.

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