Flooding is an overflowing of water onto land that is normally dry. Floods can happen during heavy rains, when ocean waves come on shore, when snow melts too fast, or when dams or levees break. Flooding may happen with only a few inches of water, or it may cover a house to the rooftop. They can occur quickly or over a long period and may last days, weeks, or longer. Floods are the most common and widespread of all weather-related natural disasters. Flash floods are the most dangerous kind of floods, because they combine the destructive power of a flood with incredible speed and unpredictability. Flash floods occur when excessive water fills normally dry creeks or river beds along with currently flowing creeks and rivers, causing rapid rises of water in a short amount of time. They can happen with little or no warning. Densely populated areas are at high risk of flash flooding. The construction of buildings, highways, driveways, and parking lots increases runoff by reducing the amount of rain absorbed by the ground. This runoff increases the flash flood potential. Moreover, low spots, such as underpasses, underground parking garages, and basements can become death traps. Similarly, areas near rivers are at risk from flash floods. Embankments, known as levees, are often built along rivers and are used to prevent high water from flooding bordering land. Dam failures can also send a sudden destructive wall of water downstream. Mountains and steep hills produce rapid runoff, which causes streams to rise quickly. Rocks and clay soils do not allow much water to infiltrate the ground. Saturated soil too can rapidly to flash flooding. 4. what are flash floods ?

Task 2 Read the dialogue below. Then, state whether the sentences below are true (T) or false (F). Donna : Hi! Come in! Walter : Hi Donna. Thank you. Donna : How are you, pal? Walter : Terrific. Last week, I won the chess championship. Donna : Oh. It's great. Congratulation! Walter : Thank you. Next month I'll represent Indonesia in the World Championship. Donna : Really? I have no doubt on your capability. You have shown talent ever since we were in the elementary school. Walter: How about you? Still writing? Donna : Yes, I am working on my second novel. Walter : I think you've proven yourself as a good novelist. Donna : Thank you for your compliment. Walter : I'm sure one day your novel will be read by many people in the world. Donna : You think so? Walter : Of course, I do. 5. She is finishing her third novel. (.......)

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When pronouns are used as an object in a sentence, they are called . . . . A objective pronouns B. possessive pronouns C. relative pronouns D. subjective pronouns E. reflective pronouns

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Shop assistanst : *Can I help you find something?* Mawar : Yes, I want to look for a book about making coversations in Japaneases. Shop assistanst : What is the exact title? Mawar : I don’t know for sure. Can you show me where I can find such a book? Shop assistant : it’s on the shelves on the corner in the foreign language section. Mawar : O.K., thanks. Is there any discount for every purchase? Shop assistant : Yes,. This month we offer ten percent discounts for all items. Mawar : Great. The, may I see the catalog? Shop assistant : Sure. You can use this computer to check our books. Mawar : Yes. Thanks you Shop assistant : *Is there anything else I can help, Miss?* Mawar : No, thanks. Shop assistant : Alright. Happy shopping, Miss. 4. Pat attention to the sentences in bold. What do they axpress?

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Match the words on the left with its synonym on the right. 1. vehicle 2. manufacturer 3. hazardous 4. waste 5. commemoration 6. oblige 7. regulation 8. emission 9. residential 10. absorb 11. reduce a. dangerous b. housing c. rubbish d. emisi e. remembrance f. means of transportation g. rule h. producer i. force j. suck up k. lessen Number 11

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antonym important apa ya kaak

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